Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on the Amino Acids in Root Exudates and Grains of Rice during Grain Filling

Chang, Er-Hua

doi:10.3724/sp.j.1006.2008.00612

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…At the same time, the promotion of the conversion of NH 4 + to NO 3 − was reduced, resulting in more NH4+ content and less NO 3 − content in the soil. Low N or N deficiency accelerated the root senescence, the root exudation ability was significantly decreased, and the organic acids secreted by the root decreased in varying degrees [10]. In the above study, the pH of DQ soil was higher than that of normal N treatment at seedling stage and flowering stage and the pH of HF soil was higher than that of normal N treatment at maturity under low N treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…With the growth of oats, the total amount of organic acids gradually decreased in root exudates, and the total amount of organic acids secreted by the oat roots under nitrogen stress was significantly higher than that of nitrogen supply [9]. Low nitrogen or nitrogen deficiency to accelerate root aging, significantly decrease root secretion capacity and various organic acids of different degrees in rice maturity [10]. Other studies show that there are significant differences in the types and quantities of crop root exudates of the same type of different genotypes [11], and there are different responses to environmental stresses among different cultivars of the same crop [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Mechanical of Organic Acids Secreted by Roots of Tartary Buckwheat under the Effects of Low Nitrogen Stress

Chen

Cui

Yang

et al. 2018

Preprint

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8A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of two different low nitrogen 9 tolerant tartary buckwheat varieties' (Diqing buckwheat (DQ, low nitrogen resistance) 10 and Heifeng 1 (HF, low nitrogen sensitive) response mechanism of organic acids to low 11 nitrogen stress. The results showed that the soil moisture of HF and DQ under low 12 nitrogen treatment decreased 24.2% and 14.32%, respectively when compared with 13 normal nitrogen treatment, and the water consumption of DQ was significantly higher 14 than that of HF at seedling stage. Under low nitrogen treatment, the soil pH value of DQ 15 was 1.44% and 8.44% lower than that of HF at seedling and flowering stages, 16 respectively, the content of NH 4 + in DQ soil was 8.2% lower than that of HF at maturity 17 stage, the content of NO 3 − was significantly higher than that HF 49.2%, 12.9%, and 18 16.6% in each growth period, respectively. Split plot analysis showed that nitrogen 19 treatment significantly affected the organic acids content in the soil of the buckwheat. The 20 secretion content of organic acids are different among buckwheat cultivars under low 21 nitrogen stress. In the soil of DQ, the content of malonic acid was higher than that of HF 22 by 34.39% at maturity stage; the content of oxalic acid was respectively higher than that 23 of HF by 24.86% and 24.52% at seedling and flowering stages; the content of propionic 24 acid was significantly higher than that of HF by 7.36%、 9.44% and23.47% in each growth 25 period, respectively; and tartaric acid acetic acid also showed the same trend at flowering 26 and maturity stages. In summary, tartary buckwheat may regulate the nutrient availability 27 of rhizosphere soil through the secretion of organic acids in the root system to cope with 28 the low nitrogen stress environment. For the cultivation of tartary buckwheat on poor soil 29 should consider the differences cultivaring barren resistance varieties to increase 30 efficiency in the future. 31 Keywords: low nitrogen stress; Tartary buckwheat; organic acids 32 42 Therefore, focusing on the overall objective of building a green, efficient and sustainable 43 agricultural production system, the selection of crops with low nitrogen tolerance can not 44 only ensure the normal growth of crops, but also control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer 45 and improve the utilization efficiency of nitrogen and it has significance for improving 46 the ecological environment [4]. 47 Many scholars have conducted research on the low-nitrogen-resistant characteristics 48 of large crops such as wheat and corn [5], but there are few researches on small grains 49 such as tartary buckwheat. Most of the buckwheat is grown in the alpine region, which 50 has the characteristics of short fertility cycle, strong adaptability, drought tolerance and 51 barrenness, and it has extremely high edible value and medicinal value, which is an 52 important disaster relief and pioneer crops [6]. The research on tartary buckwheat mainly 53 focuses on the edible medicinal value, ge...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanical of Organic Acids Secreted by Roots of Tartary Buckwheat under the Effects of Low Nitrogen Stress

Chen

Cui

Yang

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…[13] showed that nucleic acids, nucleoproteins, and phospholipids have absolute requirements for phosphorus and are vital for plant growth and development and that in plants, phosphorus plays an important role in cell division and growth, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and the synthesis and transport of amino acids, proteins, and carbohydrates. In addition, [14] found that the total protein and amino acid contents of cereals decreased significantly under nitrogen and phosphorus stress. [15] stated that there was a significant increase when using a group of fertilizer mixtures (N:P:K), as the protein percentage increased from 11.35% in the comparison treatment, and then to 13.55% in the 30:25:20 mixture and 16.65% in the mixture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Some Fertilizer Combinations of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Some Qualitative Characteristics of Quinoa in Seed

Yacoub,

Al-Hamdany,

Almehemdi

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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A field experiment was carried out during the season 2020/2021 in Anbar Governorate - Heet district - Sweeb region to study the effect of levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on some yield characteristics of quinoa plants using three levels of nitrogen (50, 100, 150) kg h−1 and symbolized by (N1, N2, N3) respectively and three levels of phosphorus (22, 44 and 66) kg P ha−1 and took the symbolized (P1, P2, P3) and three levels of potassium (33.2, 66.2, 99.2) kg K.ha−1 The experiment was designed according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results of the experiment showed that the highest percentage of protein in quinoa grains reached 16.50% at low fertilizer levels of nitrogen and high levels of phosphorus and potassium when treated N1P3K3, As for the oil percentage, the low levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium gave the highest oil percentage of 4.39%, as well as the phenols gave the highest value of 74.73 mg Gallic gm−1 at medium levels of nitrogen and low levels of potassium and phosphorus 34.20 mg Gallic gm−1 when treated N2P1K1. As for the flavonoids, it gave the highest value of 34.20 mg Rutin gm−1 It was found that there was a strong positive correlation between phenols and flavonoids of r = 0.78. As for saponins it increased with a decrease in the level of nitrogen and an increase in the levels of phosphorus and potassium, as it gave the highest value of 8.21%, that is, when treating N2P1K1, and it was found that there was a strong negative correlation between The percentage of saponins and the percentage of nitrogen in seeds had a value of r=-0.75.

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Methods of collection of plant root exudates in relation to plant metabolism and purpose: A review

Vranová

Rejšek

Skene

et al. 2013

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

181

111

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The aim of this work is to review the current knowledge on the effects of plant metabolism (C3, C4, and CAM) on root exudation and on the methods of exudate collection as well as the use of such exudates for analyses, testing of microbial response, degradation of pollutants, enzymatic activities, and occurrence of allelochemicals. We examine the advantages and disadvantages of each method as related to the downstream use of the exudates. The use of continuous percolation of solid cultivation medium with adjustment of nutrient‐solution strength appears to be a promising methodology for the determination of root exudation rates and qualitative composition of exuded compounds. The method mimics rhizosphere conditions, minimizing the artificial accumulation of compounds, alteration of plasma‐membrane permeability, ATPase activity, and the impacts of inhibitors or stimulators of root enzymes. Of particular significance is the fact that the adjustment of strength of nutrient solution and percolation enables universal and also long‐term use of the method, allowing high exudation yield by minimizing influx and maximizing efflux rates of exuded compounds at high nutrient‐solution strength. Furthermore, it facilitates assessment of the effect on soil microbial populations and their ability to degrade pollutants. Enzymatic activities can be assessed when a low strength of nutrient solution is used, with percolation of the exudates directly into tested soils. Composition of root exudates, regulation of root enzymes, and plant response to nutrient deficiency can be assessed by measuring net efflux or influx rates. The impact of heavy metals and other type of mechanical, chemical, and biological stresses differs according to the type of plant metabolism. This has significant consequences on transformations in plant communities, both structurally and functionally, and impacts upon crop nutrition, with respect to global climate change, and the use of plants for phytoremediation purposes. Understanding the effects of different types of plant metabolism on root exudation with respect to genetic regulation of synthetic pathways through root enzymes and transport systems presents an important direction for future research.

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Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on the Amino Acids in Root Exudates and Grains of Rice during Grain Filling

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

The Mechanical of Organic Acids Secreted by Roots of Tartary Buckwheat under the Effects of Low Nitrogen Stress

The Mechanical of Organic Acids Secreted by Roots of Tartary Buckwheat under the Effects of Low Nitrogen Stress

Effect of Some Fertilizer Combinations of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Some Qualitative Characteristics of Quinoa in Seed

Methods of collection of plant root exudates in relation to plant metabolism and purpose: A review

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