Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels and Irrigation Regimes on Yield and Yield Components of Some Wheat Cultivars

Abstract

This investigation was performed during the two successive growing seasons 2018/19 and 2019/20 to study the effect of three irrigations and three nitrogen levels on yield and yield components of four common wheat cultivars. The highest number of spikes/m 2 , grains/spike, straw yield, biological yield, grains/spike and 1000-grain weight recorded by increasing number of irrigations from one to four irrigations. Grain yield/fad were significant only in the second growing season. Plants that received two or four irrigations produced the highest significant values of grain yield/fad. Concerning fertilization, the highest significant values of yield and yield components were obtained from fertilized wheat plants with 100 kg N/fad in both seasons, while the lowest one was obtained from 50 kg N/fad in both seasons. Banei Sweif 6 cultivar recorded the highest number of spikes/m 2 in both seasons, while Gemmeiza 11 recorded the highest number of grains/spike, straw yield and biological yield. The highest means of 1000-grain weight, and grain yields were detected in Banei Sweif 1 in both seasons. The interactions of irrigations regimes x N fertilization levels were significant for biological yield, straw yield in the second season. The interactions of irrigations regimes x genotypes were significant for biological yield, straw yield in both season and for harvest index in one season. On the other hand, interaction among the three study factors did not reach the level of significance for all studied traits. We conclude from the results that irrigation four times and twice gave the highest yield values compared to irrigation once, and it is recommended to add nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of 100 kg nitrogen per feddan to maximize the productivity of the wheat crop, under the environmental conditions of this experiment.

Response of Wheat Productivity to the Addition of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates on Several Doses in the New Sandy Lands in Luxor Governorate

“…In turn, it is directly caused by excessive grains produced by high N fertilization. These findings are consistent with those of El-Samahy., 2009 andBadawy., et al (2021). The nitrogen rate did not affect the weight of spike grains because increasing the N rate increased the number of grains spike -1 and decreased the grain weight and vice versa.…”

“…Certainly, increasing N rates up to an adequate level might be due to its role in induced vegetative growth and the expansion of leaves, which resulted in great photosynthetic available for dry matter accumulation and the number of tillers, in turn, increased spike number and grain number per spike. The promoting effects of nitrogen on spikes number m -2 and grains number spike -1 were reported by (El-Samahy., 2009, Osman., et al, 2019, Badawy., et al, 2021and Ibrahim., et al, 2022. The 1000-grain weight was substantially decreased by increasing the N rate without a significant difference between the medium and high rates in the two seasons.…”