Effect of nitrogen rate and time of application on seed yield in perennial ryegrass cv. Grasslands Nui

Hampton, J. G.

doi:10.1080/03015521.1987.10425529

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Similar results regarding the increased seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight of L. chinensis due to applied nitrogen were obtained by several research workers by Nordestgaard (1986), Havstad et al (2002), and Serin et al (1999). Increasing N addition did not caused a results regarding the increased spikelet number from this study coincided well with some reports by Hampton (1987) Jeremy et al (2002) and Yang et al (2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

The effect of nitrogen addition on seed yield and yield components of Leymus chinensis in Songnen Plain, China

Chen

Zhu

Zhang

2013

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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Nitrogen (N) addition strongly influences community composition and ecosystem functioning. However, little is known about their effects on seeds yield attributes of Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. in Songnen Plain, China. A field experiment was evaluated in Songnen Plain to investigate the effects of N addition on seeds yield and yield components of L. chinensis. The experiment consisted of five N addition levels (0, 2.9, 5.9, 9.0, 11.9 g N m 2 yr -1 ) was conducted for two consecutive growing seasons. The results showed that, except spikelet number, the other plant characteristic, such as plant height, leaf area, seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight, and seeds yield, were significantly influenced by N addition in the both growing seasons. With increasing N addition, the reproductive seed setting rate, grains number and weight can improve the seed yield in growing season and heading year. Although N addition has the more significantly effect on the seeds yield and yield components (besides spikelet number) in later fall, raised N addition in topdressing did not cause a standing increase trend. Therefore, from our results, the optimal N addition of application 5.90 g m -2 with a method of topdressing in late fall were recommended to improve the seed yield and yield components of L. chinensis in Songnen Plain, China.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

The effect of nitrogen addition on seed yield and yield components of Leymus chinensis in Songnen Plain, China

Chen

Zhu

Zhang

2013

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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“…; Hare, 1992), but positive responses to tiller numbers greater than 8 million ha −1 have been reported in meadow fescue ( Festuca pratensis Huds.) and perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.) (Hampton, 1987; Hampton & Fairey, 1997). The optimal number of tillers ha −1 may shift with stand age if the overall investment in reproductive growth is declining.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of defoliation and row spacing on intermediate wheatgrass I: Grain production

2020

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Increasing intermediate wheatgrass [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey] grain yield and maintaining yield over the life of a stand will be critical to the economic viability of Kernza (The Land Institute) grain production. Research on perennial grasses has shown that seed yield can be enhanced by (a) mechanically defoliating the stand for hay production and (b) increasing row spacing. We evaluated the interacting effects of row spacing and defoliation across the 4-yr life of an intermediate wheatgrass (IWG) stand in St. Paul, MN. We measured grain yield, harvest index, lodging, and yield components including grain mass and number of tillers, spikes, and grains. Data was analyzed with linear mixed models and partial least squares path analysis. Overall, grain yield declined substantially over time, from a mean of 880 kg ha −1 in 2015 to 276 kg ha −1 in 2018. Wider row spacings tended to increase grain yield. Defoliation increased grain yield in the first 2 yr, but may have decreased stand vigor in later years. Neither management practice fundamentally mitigated yield decline. The main cause of yield decline was the reduction in grain number per high-yielding spike, which dropped by roughly half after the first year. The proportion of spikes that were high yielding also declined over time. Increasing competition among reproductive units likely contributed to yield decline, but there is also evidence that resource allocation to reproduction declined over time. Future research in IWG breeding and management should focus on maintaining high grain number, reducing intra-stand competition, and increasing resource allocation to reproduction.Abbreviations: Ctrl, no defoliation; Fa, defoliation only in fall; HI, harvest index; IWG, intermediate wheatgrass; R/FR, red/far red; Sp, defoliation only in spring; SpFa, defoliation in spring and fall; TKW, thousand kernel weight; YC, yield component.

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“…Florets comprise the “flower” unit, which resides within the lemma and palea (Elgersma & Śnieżko, ; Langer, ). Florets per spikelet have been shown to be influenced by management, for example with N (Hampton, ) and by genetics (Bugge, ; Elgersma, ). However, of greater importance to floret number per spikelet is the date of tiller/inflorescence formation with a significantly higher number of florets per spikelet in earlier initiating tillers compared with later (Ryle, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Path and correlation analysis of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) seed yield components

Abel

Gislum

Boelt

2017

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Maximum perennial ryegrass seed production potential is substantially greater than harvested yields with harvested yields representing only 20% of calculated potential.Similar to wheat, maize and other agriculturally important crops, seed yield is highly dependent on a number of interacting seed yield components. This research was performed to apply and describe path analysis of perennial ryegrass seed yield components in relation to harvested seed yields. Utilising extensive yield components which included subdividing reproductive inflorescences into five size categories, path analysis was undertaken assuming a unidirectional causal-admissible relationship between seed yield components and harvested seed yield in six commercial seed production fields. Both spikelets per inflorescence and florets per spikelet had a significant (p < .05) direct effect on the overall seed yield; however, total path correlation coefficients showed that inflorescence size had the largest positive influence on seed yield via its indirect effects on other seed yield components. Our results will allow seed producers, seed production researchers and plant breeders alike to more efficiently increase harvested seed yield.) is used extensively in temperate pastures as a production source of high-quality grass for feeding animals or as turf for home lawns, golf courses and recreational areas. However, perennial ryegrass seed crops are biologically inefficient at producing seed (Elgersma, 1990b).Seed production is a key trait for all forage and turf grass species (Boelt & Studer, 2010). Grassland is estimated to cover approximately 72 million hectares within the European Union (EU) with grass production estimated at a total value of 23 billion Euro (ESA, 2016). Denmark is the largest grass seed-producing country within the EU. To ensure economic sustainability of new improved cultivars within today's market, detailed understanding of seed production and the interaction between dynamic yield components is required to improve the efficiencies of the biological system (Studer et al., 2008;Wilkins & Humphreys, 2003).Seed yield is highly dependent on various seed yield components starting with tiller production and reproductive induction. Reproductive tillers, inflorescences or seed heads are all terms used to define the same morphological unit: a modified panicle. After a period of cool weather and increasing day lengths, tillers will undergo secondary induction and develop to form a single inflorescence. As perennial ryegrass has the ability to asexually produce daughter tillers, Havstad, Aamlid, Heide, and Junttila (2004) investigated the transmission of the reproductive stimuli from primary to daughter tillers and concluded that daughter tillers did not necessarily have to be directly exposed to inducive conditions. However, problematic toThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is pr...

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Effect of nitrogen rate and time of application on seed yield in perennial ryegrass cv. Grasslands Nui

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

The effect of nitrogen addition on seed yield and yield components of Leymus chinensis in Songnen Plain, China

The effect of nitrogen addition on seed yield and yield components of Leymus chinensis in Songnen Plain, China

Effects of defoliation and row spacing on intermediate wheatgrass I: Grain production

Path and correlation analysis of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) seed yield components

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