Effect of Nucleant Particle Agglomeration on Grain Size

Gao, Feng; Fan, Z.

doi:10.1007/s11661-021-06549-2

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…However, when increasing the inoculant concentration from 5 wt% to 10 wt%, only a minor improvement was noted. Agglomeration of the inoculant particles was found to be detrimental for the potency of the inoculants in providing grain refinement [55]. Liu et al [56] and Yang et al [57] observed that the potency of the inoculant particles as grain refiner reduced after reaching a critical value.…”

Section: Tib 2 As An Inoculant For Ded In718mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blown-Powder Direct-Energy-Deposition of Titanium-Diboride-Strengthened In718 Ni-Base Superalloy

Sarkar¹,

Chen

Fitzpatrick

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Section: Tib 2 As An Inoculant For Ded In718mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blown-Powder Direct-Energy-Deposition of Titanium-Diboride-Strengthened In718 Ni-Base Superalloy

Sarkar¹,

Chen

Fitzpatrick

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The operating temperature in the LPT section is typically below the intensive creep range [ 14 ]. To address this issue, castings generally are modified by adding refiners, which contain highly stable particles, or by introducing an inoculant to the prime coat of the ceramic mold [ 15 , 16 ]. Grain refinement in the primary microstructure is directly related to increased heterogeneous nucleation sites during solidification [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of CoAl2O4 as a Nucleating Agent and Pouring Temperature on the Microstructure and Properties of Inconel 713C® Nickel-Based Superalloy Castings

Cygan

Rakoczy

2023

Materials

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In this work, three melt-pouring temperatures (1450 °C, 1480 °C, 1520 °C) and CoAl2O4 inoculant contents in the shell mold’s primary coating (0 wt%, 5 wt%, and 10 wt%) were selected to study microstructural and mechanical property changes of the Inconel 713C® nickel-based superalloy. The castings’ phase transformation temperatures, phase constitution, microstructure, and mechanical properties at room and elevated temperatures were investigated via thermodynamical simulations, differential thermal analysis, light and scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and tensile and stress-rupture tests. The pouring temperature and inoculant content strongly influenced the mean equiaxed grain size, which ranged between 2.36 and 6.55 mm. The primary microstructure of Inconel 713C® castings, owing to its complex chemical composition, comprised multiple phases, including γ, γ’, MC, M3B2, and Ni7Zr2. The mean size of γ’ was in the 0.446–0.613 μm range, depending on the casting variant. Grain refinement with CoAl2O4 at ambient temperature for each melt-pouring temperature led to increased yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS). YS was in the range of 775–835 MPa, while UTS was in the range of 868–1010 MPa. A reverse trend was observed in samples that crept in 982 °C/152 MPa, while for each variant, the time to rupture exceeded 30 h. The maximum time to rupture was 46.1 h obtained in the unmodified casting poured at 1480 °C.

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“…However, after a certain contact time, the grain refining effect of master alloy additions fades, which phenomenon is commonly attributed to the sedimentation, agglomeration, or dissolution of the introduced nucleant particles. Another possibility for reduced refining efficiency is the so-called poisoning effect when an alloying element or impurity reduces the heterogeneous nucleation potency of the introduced particles [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain Refiner Settling and Its Effect on the Melt Quality of Aluminum Casting Alloys

Gyarmati

Bogoly²,

Stawarz³

et al. 2022

Materials

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Grain refiner particles, which are intended to induce the formation of fine equiaxed grain structure during the solidification of aluminum alloys, are prone to settling during the holding of the liquid metal, which phenomenon can affect not only the grain size but the spatial distribution of the double oxide films in the melt. In this study, the settling of Al3Ti inoculant particles, as well as its effects on melt quality and grain refinement, were studied. During the experiments, the Ti-concentration of a liquid Al-Si-Mg-Cu alloy was increased to 0.3 wt.% by the addition of Al-10%Ti master alloy at different melt temperatures. Particle settling and grain size evolution were studied by quantitative metallography, while the interactions of grain refiners and bifilms were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The evolution of melt quality was assessed by the computed tomographic (CT) analysis of reduced pressure test (RPT) samples. It was found that effective grain refinement was only realized when the introduced blocky Al3Ti particles were dissolved and re-precipitated in the form of (Al,Si)3Ti at a lower temperature. Without dissolving at higher holding temperatures, Al3Ti particle settling has taken place within 10 min. The settling of (Al,Si)3Ti particles improved melt quality by the aided sedimentation of bifilms in the melt.

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Effect of Nucleant Particle Agglomeration on Grain Size

Cited by 13 publications

References 64 publications

Blown-Powder Direct-Energy-Deposition of Titanium-Diboride-Strengthened In718 Ni-Base Superalloy

Blown-Powder Direct-Energy-Deposition of Titanium-Diboride-Strengthened In718 Ni-Base Superalloy

The Effect of CoAl2O4 as a Nucleating Agent and Pouring Temperature on the Microstructure and Properties of Inconel 713C® Nickel-Based Superalloy Castings

Grain Refiner Settling and Its Effect on the Melt Quality of Aluminum Casting Alloys

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