Effect of Number of Measurement Locations in the Implementation of Iterative Wavenumber Fitting for Viscoelastically Damped Structures

Palan, Vikrant; Shepard, W. Steve; McDaniel, J. Gregory

doi:10.4271/2005-01-2272

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…These indices, discussed by scholars such as Simpson (1949) and Shannon (1948), provide a mathematical basis for assessing the diversity within a system. On the other hand, absolute specialisation indices reveal the concentration of specific industries in a region, offering insights into its economic structure (Palan, 2010). This idea of industrial concentration echoes McLaughlin's (1930) andTress' (1938) works in the early 20 th century, emphasising the importance of industrial diversification for economic stability.…”

Section: The Relationship Between the Economic Complexity Index And E...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Assessing economic vulnerability in South African municipalities: A focus on mining-dependent regions using the Economic Complexity Index

2023

trp

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South Africa's historical reliance on mineral resources has established thriving towns and settlements, sustaining households for decades. However, the decline in demand for these resources and mine closures pose significant threats to the future of these areas, creating vulnerabilities in towns and their dependent regions. This article addresses concerns about the vulnerability of certain South African municipalities, particularly those heavily dependent on mining. Employing an Economic Complexity Index (ECI), the study identifies and classifies vulnerable mining towns and regions. The methodology involves applying the concept of economic vulnerability, utilising sub-national economic and trade data to determine the complexity of municipal economies. In addition, geospatially linked data is employed to identify miningdependent areas at risk. The results highlight municipalities with low economic complexity, signalling the need for targeted interventions and emphasising the importance of economic diversification in mitigating risks. The study not only serves as a warning for current planning, but also lays the groundwork for future research and evidence-based policymaking to ensure the sustainability and resilience of regional economies in South Africa.

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Section: The Relationship Between the Economic Complexity Index And E...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Assessing economic vulnerability in South African municipalities: A focus on mining-dependent regions using the Economic Complexity Index

2023

trp

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“…Since the time series are characterized by too many null frequencies in our dataset and the infection dates are unknown, the data can be considered nominal summing up the counts of one or more years. We summed up by species and regions the counts of 2022 and 2023 and, for a descriptive analysis, applied indices such as Homogeneity Index, Specialization Index, and Location Index [18].…”

Section: Usage Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Homogeneity Index is an absolute index that, for each row or column and marginal counts, measures the degree of the distribution homogeneity, from the maximum (HI = 100, all counts are concentrated in a single category) to the minimum (HI = 0, all categories are equally represented) [18]. Here, we have used the more common HI with α = 2 but we recommend further research about the usage of HI with a higher α parameter in epidemiology.…”

Section: Usage Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specialization Index is a relative index that, for each row or column, measures the degree of the distribution deviation from the marginal distribution which is taken as a benchmark. It ranges from SI = 0 (no specialization, i.e., the category is distributed exactly as the marginal count) to SI = 100 (maximum specialization, i.e., maximum dissimilarity degree between the category's and the marginal distribution) [18].…”

Section: Usage Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Location Index is a relative index that, for each matrix element count, measures the odds of local concentration with respect to the marginals, taken as a benchmark. If 0 ≤ LI < 1 the element is less concentrated than the benchmark; if LI > 1 the element is more concentrated than the benchmark; if LI = 1 the element is equally concentrated as the benchmark [18].…”

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confidence: 99%

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In recent years, the unprecedented spread of the Avian Influenza Viruses (AIVs) among birds and mammals has caused devastation in animal populations, including poultry, wild birds, and some mammals, damaging farmers’ livelihoods and the food trade. Given the urgency of the situation, it is particularly important that scientists and the public can access research results and data as soon as possible. The main aim of this study is to present a global open-access dataset of Avian Influenza outbreaks to enable researchers and policymakers (i) to rapidly detect, and respond to animal outbreaks as the first line of defense; (ii) to conduct epidemiological and virological investigations around animal outbreaks and human infections; and (iii) to communicate the risk. We show the potential use of this dataset to the research community by analyzing the most updated information on past and current Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) outbreaks in domestic poultry and wild birds over the period from October 2021 to July 2023 in Italy. In addition, we applied indices borrowed from Economics (such as Homogeneity, Specialization, and Location Index) to the wild birds dataset to show their possible usage in epidemiology.

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Urbanization and economic growth in China: empirical evidence based on a SIVQR approach

Hovhannisyan,

Asci

2024

CAER

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PurposeWe seek to quantify the relationship between urbanization and economic growth in China using recent advances in econometric techniques.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a smoothed instrumental variables quantile regression (SIVQR) estimator to obtain consistent estimates of the effects of urbanization on economic growth in China. Our approach accounts for the differential impacts of urbanization across the conditional distribution of economic growth while allowing for an identification strategy that addresses the endogeneity of urbanization. Our main findings reveal that ignoring urbanization endogeneity leads to inconsistent estimates of urbanization effects. Further, we find a positive relationship between urbanization and growth resembling an inverted U-shape. This supports the hypothesis that the beneficial effects of urbanization intensify at initial stages while diminishing beyond a certain threshold, due perhaps to weakening scale economies.FindingsOur main results indicate that the individual productivity gains brought by urbanization outweigh the negative effects thereof that impede productivity, thus contributing to the economic growth in China. Further, we find that ignoring differential impacts of urbanization underestimates the beneficial effects of urbanization for provinces whose quality of governance is in the vicinity of the center of quality distribution. Ignoring the endogeneity of urbanization generates inconsistent estimates of the elasticity of economic growth with respect to urbanization. Finally, we estimate an inverted U-shape resembling relationship between urbanization and growth.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, future studies would benefit from incorporating more data as provinces further east on the mainland become more urbanized and urbanization runs its course. Second, controlling the barriers to rural-urban mobility would contribute to the robustness of the estimated relationship between urbanization and growth once such data became available. Unveiling the impact of government-imposed barriers is key to designing optimal policies that help fuel economic growth in the country. Finally, future research could benefit from information on urbanization sources not considered here such as inter-provincial migration, as such data become publicly available.Practical implicationsQuantifying the beneficial effects of urbanization on economic growth can help guide the government in China to further fuel the growth through a set of relevant policy tools that promote urbanization.Social implicationsRural-urban migration in China lays the groundwork for economic advancement in recipient cities and economies, as it may induce scale economies. This can benefit both the economy at large and the migrants.Originality/valueThe SIVQR estimator accounts for potential heterogeneous effects of urbanization across the entire conditional distribution of growth while allowing for an identification strategy that addresses the endogeneity of urbanization. An additional distinguishing feature of the current study is our use of the most recent novel, provincial-level data obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics of China. Our focus on a single country allows sidestepping issues arising from the inconsistency of the definition of urban across different countries while accounting for intra-country urbanization drivers intrinsic to China, such as natural features and geographic characteristics. Therefore, our approach has the potential to sidestep the bias resulting from the differences in mechanisms behind urbanization-growth relationships across different countries.

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Effect of Number of Measurement Locations in the Implementation of Iterative Wavenumber Fitting for Viscoelastically Damped Structures

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Assessing economic vulnerability in South African municipalities: A focus on mining-dependent regions using the Economic Complexity Index

Assessing economic vulnerability in South African municipalities: A focus on mining-dependent regions using the Economic Complexity Index

Trends and Spatiotemporal Patterns of Avian Influenza Outbreaks in Italy: A Data-Driven Approach

Urbanization and economic growth in China: empirical evidence based on a SIVQR approach

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