Effect of Nystatin on Candida albicans - Streptococcus mutans duo-species biofilms

Alomeir, Nora; Zeng, Yan; Fadaak, Ahmed; Wu, Tong Tong; Malmström, Hans; Xiao, Jin

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105582

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Bacteria were recovered from the skin after the procedures, and it was possible to observe that the PCL/CC + light group achieved a 1.1 log of reduction in comparison with the control group, which is comparable to or even better than other results available in the literature. − The groups PCL/CC and PCL + light did not show a significant effect against the bacteria. It is important to emphasize that the responses of wound dressings in in vivo systems are subject to interferences that do not occur in in vitro laboratory systems and, in this way, values of 1 log reduction of the bacterial viability are considered high and show significant clinical importance. ,, …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast Fabrication of Multifunctional PCL/Curcumin Nanofibrous Membranes for Wound Dressings

Teodoro

Alvarenga

Oliveira

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Therapeutic intervention to skin wounds requires covering the affected area with wound dressings. Interdisciplinary efforts have focused on the development of smart bandages that can perform multiple functions. In this direction, here, we designed a low cost (U$0.012 per cm 2 ) multifunctional therapeutic wound dressing fabricated by loading curcumin (CC) into poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers using solution blow spinning (SBS). The freestanding PCL/CC bandages were characterized by distinct physicochemical approaches and were successful in performing varied functions, including controlled release of CC, colorimetric indication of the wound conditions, barrier against microorganisms, being biocompatible, and providing a photosensitive platform for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). The chemical nature of PCL and CC and the interactions between these components allowed CC to be released for 192 h (ca. 8 days), which could be correlated with the Korsmeyer−Peppas model, with a burst release suitable to treat the inflammatory phase. Due to the CC keto−enol tautomerism, an optical indication of the healing status could be obtained using PCL/CC, which occurred immediately, ranging between red/orange and yellow shades. The effect against pathogenic microorganisms evaluated by agar disc-diffusion, affected skin wound simulation (ex vivo), and microbial penetration tests demonstrated the ability to block and inhibit microbial permeation in different environments. The biocompatibilities of PCL and PCL/CC were verified by in vitro cytotoxicity study, which demonstrated that cell viabilities average above 94 and 96% for human dermal fibroblasts. In addition, the proposed bandage responded to aPDT applied to an in vivo assay, showing that, when irritated, PCL/CC was able to reduce the bacteria present on the real wound of mice. In summary, our findings demonstrate that using PCL and CC to produce nonwovens by the SBS technique offers potential for the rapid fabrication of biocompatible and multifunctional wound dressings, paving the way for large-scale production and utilization of such dressings in the treatment of skin wounds.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to emphasize that the responses of wound dressings in in vivo systems are subject to interferences that do not occur in in vitro laboratory systems and, in this way, values of 1 log reduction of the bacterial viability are considered high and show significant clinical importance. 42,70,72…”

Section: Pdt and In Vivo Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Fabrication of Multifunctional PCL/Curcumin Nanofibrous Membranes for Wound Dressings

Teodoro

Alvarenga

Oliveira

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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“…Nystatin, an antifungal agent with both fungicidal and fungistatic properties, is commonly used topically in dentistry [ 72 ]. This study shows that nystatin can alter the formation and characteristics of C. albicans-S. mutans dual-species biofilms in vitro, consistently reducing biofilm volume and microcolony size on substrate layers [ 45 ]. Notably, nystatin-treated biofilms exhibit distinctive halo-shaped microcolonies, and there is a downregulation in the core EPS coverage and expression of the gtfD and atpD genes of S. mutans [ 45 ].…”

Section: The Influence Of External Factors On Oral Microbiomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study shows that nystatin can alter the formation and characteristics of C. albicans-S. mutans dual-species biofilms in vitro, consistently reducing biofilm volume and microcolony size on substrate layers [ 45 ]. Notably, nystatin-treated biofilms exhibit distinctive halo-shaped microcolonies, and there is a downregulation in the core EPS coverage and expression of the gtfD and atpD genes of S. mutans [ 45 ]. Furthermore, investigations into the use of nystatin oral rinse have indicated its impact on oral carriage of C. albicans and S. mutans , suggesting that oral antifungal treatments may effectively influence S. mutans salivary carriage [ 73 ].…”

Section: The Influence Of External Factors On Oral Microbiomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the complexity of early childhood caries: Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans cooperative strategies in carbohydrate metabolism and virulence

Jin,

Wang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Objective To explore the mechanisms underlying the virulence changes in early childhood caries (ECC) caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) , with a focus on carbohydrate metabolism and environmental acidification. Methods A review of literature was conducted to understand the symbiotic relationship between C. albicans and S. mutans , and their role in the pathogenesis of ECC. The review also examined how their interactions influence carbohydrate metabolism and environmental acidification in the oral cavity. Results C. albicans and S. mutans play crucial roles in the onset and progression of ECC. C. albicans promotes the adhesion and accumulation of S. mutans , while S. mutans creates an environment favorable for the growth of C. albicans . Their interactions, especially through carbohydrate metabolism, strengthen their pathogenic potential. The review highlights the importance of understanding these mechanisms for the development of effective management and treatment protocols for ECC. Conclusion The symbiotic relationship between C. albicans and S. mutans , and their interactions through carbohydrate metabolism and environmental acidification, are key factors in the pathogenesis of ECC. A comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms is crucial for developing effective strategies to manage and treat ECC.

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“…Intriguingly, our recent study has shown that Nystatin application altered the formation and characteristics of C. albicans and S. mutans duo-species biofilms in an in vitro setting [ 24 ]. Even though Nystatin is the most commonly used antifungal medication to treat oral candidiasis, no studies have assessed the effect of Nystatin oral application on the carriage of S. mutans and other oral microorganisms in vivo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Nystatin oral rinse on oral Candida species and Streptococcus mutans among healthy adults

et al. 2023

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Objectives To examine the effect of Nystatin oral rinse on oral Candida species and Streptococcus mutans carriage. Materials and methods Twenty healthy adults with oral candidiasis participated in the single-arm clinical trial and received Nystatin oral rinse for 7 days, 4 applications/day, and 600,000 International Units/application. Demographic-socioeconomic-oral-medical conditions were obtained. Salivary and plaque Candida species and Streptococcus mutans were assessed at baseline and 1-week and 3-month follow-ups. Twenty-four salivary cytokines were assessed. Candida albicans isolates underwent Nystatin susceptibility test. Results Half of participants (10/20) were free of salivary C. albicans after using Nystatin rinse. Salivary S. mutans was significantly reduced at 3-month follow-up (p < 0.05). Periodontal status reflected by bleeding-on-probing was significantly improved at 1-week and 3-month follow-ups (p < 0.05). Plaque accumulation was significantly reduced at 1-week follow-up (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the responses to Nystatin oral rinse were not associated with race, gender, age, oral hygiene practice, adherence to Nystatin rinse, or sweet consumption (p > 0.05). No C. albicans isolates were resistant to Nystatin. Furthermore, salivary cytokine eotaxin and fractalkine were significantly reduced at 3-month follow-up among participants who responded to Nystatin rinse (p < 0.05). Conclusions The study results indicate that oral antifungal treatment had an effect on S. mutans salivary carriage. Future clinical trials are warranted to comprehensively assess the impact of antifungal treatment on the oral flora other than S. mutans and Candida. Clinical relevance Due to the potential cariogenic role of oral Candida species, antifungal approaches shed new light on the prevention and management of dental caries from a fungal perspective.

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Effect of Nystatin on Candida albicans - Streptococcus mutans duo-species biofilms

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Fast Fabrication of Multifunctional PCL/Curcumin Nanofibrous Membranes for Wound Dressings

Fast Fabrication of Multifunctional PCL/Curcumin Nanofibrous Membranes for Wound Dressings

Unveiling the complexity of early childhood caries: Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans cooperative strategies in carbohydrate metabolism and virulence

Effects of Nystatin oral rinse on oral Candida species and Streptococcus mutans among healthy adults

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