Effect of olfactory stimulation of isomeric aroma compounds, (+)-limonene and terpinolene on human electroencephalographic activity

Sowndhararajan, Kandhasamy; Cho, Haeme; Yu, Byoungsun

doi:10.1016/j.eujim.2015.08.006

Cited by 42 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In our previous studies, isomeric aroma components ((+)-limonene and terpinolene), essential oils from Abies koreana twigs, and Angelica gigas root showed significantly different EEG activity according to gender. Furthermore, women are more sensitive to different odor molecules than men [17,26,37]. In the olfactory bulb, total, neuronal, and non-neuronal cells were higher in the postmortem material of women than in men [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In this context, the present study examined the effect of inhalation of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol on the human EEG activity in relation to brain functions. In the EEG study, delta (0-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-13 Hz), beta (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30), and gamma are the most important brain waves used to understand the role of odors in the psychological and physiological conditions of humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean power spectrum values [microvolt square (µV 2 )] were calculated for 25 EEG indices including absolute, relative and ratio values of theta, alpha, beta and gamma waves [17]. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistical package 23 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a similar way, various odorants produced different EEG activity according to gender. Previous studies have suggested that even isomers of odor molecules (carvone, linalool, and limonene) possess different odor qualities and intensities for humans [11,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender Differences in Electroencephalographic Activity in Response to the Earthy Odorants Geosmin and 2-Methylisoborneol

et al. 2017

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Geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol, molecules with the same odor characteristics, are mainly responsible for the smell of soil and cause odor problems worldwide in drinking water supplies. However, the effect of these odor molecules on human brain function is still unclear. The present investigation aimed to evaluate the effect of inhalation of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol on human electroencephalographic (EEG) activity in order to understand whether their action on brain wave activity is the same or different. A total of 20 healthy volunteers (10 women and 10 men) were selected to determine the EEG power spectrum changes. The EEG data were recorded from 32 channels according to the International 10-20 system and 25 EEG power spectrum indices were analyzed. The inhalation of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol exhibited different EEG activity by producing changes in different EEG indicators as well as brain regions. In both genders, significant changes in EEG power spectra were observed during the inhalation of geosmin when compared with 2-methylisoborneol. Absolute waves such as beta, fast alpha, low beta, high beta, and gamma significantly decreased, particularly in the centro-parietal (Cp6) region, due to the exposure to geosmin. According to gender variation, geosmin produced significant changes in the absolute low beta and high beta waves at the Cp6 region in women. In the case of 2-methylisoborneol, a significant increase in absolute alpha and absolute fast alpha activity was observed at the F8 region in men. However, there were no significant changes in absolute waves for men and women during the inhalation of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol. Although both components are responsible for soil smell, they exhibit significantly different EEG activity according to gender.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender Differences in Electroencephalographic Activity in Response to the Earthy Odorants Geosmin and 2-Methylisoborneol

et al. 2017

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“…As a consequence, terpinolene reduced tension and increased feelings of relaxation. Therefore, this compound could be used to treat mental disorders such as depression [15]. Terpinolene is an intermediary compound in the biosynthesis of Hinocitol (4-isopropyltropolone) by cypress cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Isomerization of Limonene over the Ti-SBA-15 Catalyst—The Influence of Reaction Time, Temperature, and Catalyst Content

Retajczyk

Wróblewska

2017

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Abstract:The isomerization of limonene over the Ti-SBA-15 catalyst, which was prepared by the hydrothermal method, was studied. The main products of limonene isomerization were terpinolene, α-terpinene, γ-terpinene, and p-cymene-products with numerous applications. The amount of these products depended on reaction time, temperature, and catalyst content. These parameters changed in the following range: reaction time 30-1380 min, temperature 140-160 • C, and catalyst content 5-15 wt %. Finally, the most favorable conditions for the limonene isomerization process were established: a reaction time of 180 min, temperature of 160 • C, and amount of the catalyst 15 wt %. In order to obtain p-cymene (dehydroaromatization product), the most favorable conditions are similar but the reaction time should be 1380 min. The application of such conditions allowed us to obtain the highest amounts of the desired products in the shortest time.

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Effects of inhaling essential oils of Citrus limonum L., Santalum album, and Cinnamomum camphora on human brain activity

2023

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Introduction Essential oil inhalation has various effects on the human body. However, its effects on cognitive function and the neural basis remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of inhaling lemon, sandalwood, and kusunoki essential oils on human brain activity and memory function using multichannel electroencephalography and brain source activity estimation. Methods Participants performed a letter 2‐back working memory task during electroencephalography measurements before and after essential oil inhalation. Brain activation, task difficulty, concentration degree, and task performance were compared among the essential oils and a fragrance‐free control. Results Task performance significantly improved after lemon essential oil inhalation. Lemon essential oil inhalation resulted in delta and theta band activation in the prefrontal cortex, including the anterior cingulate gyrus and orbitofrontal cortex, superior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, and insula. During inhalation, persistent alpha band activation was observed in the prefrontal cortex, including the anterior cingulate gyrus. Sandalwood essential oil inhalation led to beta and gamma band activation in the prefrontal cortex, including the anterior cingulate gyrus. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that different essential oils have specific effects on brain activity related to emotion and memory processing.

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Effect of olfactory stimulation of isomeric aroma compounds, (+)-limonene and terpinolene on human electroencephalographic activity

Cited by 42 publications

References 30 publications

Gender Differences in Electroencephalographic Activity in Response to the Earthy Odorants Geosmin and 2-Methylisoborneol

Gender Differences in Electroencephalographic Activity in Response to the Earthy Odorants Geosmin and 2-Methylisoborneol

The Isomerization of Limonene over the Ti-SBA-15 Catalyst—The Influence of Reaction Time, Temperature, and Catalyst Content

Effects of inhaling essential oils of Citrus limonum L., Santalum album, and Cinnamomum camphora on human brain activity

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