Effect of Omega‐3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on the Arachidonic Acid: Eicosapentaenoic Acid Ratio

Burns, Tammy L.; Maciejewski, Stephanie; Hamilton, William; Zheng, Margaret; Mooss, Aryan N.; Hilleman, Daniel E.

doi:10.1592/phco.27.5.633

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Second, in this study, the choice and applied dosage of statin was entrusted to each investigator, and the study period was relatively short. These differences may have caused different results for these indices between the present study and others [35][36][37] . Furthermore, the number and class of anti-diabetic and antihypertensive drugs, and antiplatelet/anticoagulants were different between the two groups, although these drugs were not changed throughout the study; we cannot exclude the possibility that this difference in drugs may have affected the results.…”

Section: Study Limitationscontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…Nakamura et al previously reported that the administration of EPA to patients with hyperlipidemia and statin therapy for about 30 months induced a significant decrease in serum triglyceride and RLP-C 35) . In another study, treatment with a -3 fatty acid for 4 weeks had no effect on hs-CRP levels or triglyceride levels in patients with CAD 36) . In addition, after statin (pitavastatin) treatment for 12 months, significant decreases in 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, which is a marker of oxidative DNA damage, MDA-LDL and aortic stiffness, were observed in type 2 diabetic patients, and the change of aortic stiffness significantly correlated with the change of MDA-LDL 37) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Add-on Therapy of EPA Reduces Oxidative Stress and Inhibits the Progression of Aortic Stiffness in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Statin Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Study

Takaki

Umemoto

Ono

et al. 2011

JAT

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Aim:We examined the anti-oxidant mechanisms of combined therapy of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus statin on the progression of atherosclerosis. Methods: Patients receiving statin therapy for dyslipidemia and with coronary artery disease (CAD) were assigned randomly in an open-label manner to the EPA (1,800 mg/day) -plus-statin group (n 25; combined-therapy group) or to the statin-only group (n 25), and followed for 48 weeks. At baseline and 48 weeks after enrollment, oxidative stress, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and stiffness parameter -index of the carotid were measured. Results: The lipid profile remained unchanged throughout the study. Although the median value of baPWV increased more in the statin-only group than in the combined-therapy group, this difference was not significant (p 0.29); however, a decrease in baPWV was associated with combined-therapy treatment by multiple regression analysis adjusted for age and mean blood pressure (p 0.04). In addition, the -index of the carotid was lower in the combined-therapy group than in the statin-only group (p 0.02). Furthermore, although the difference in the reduction of the urinary concentration of 8-isoprostane between the two groups did not reach statistical significance, this concentration was significantly lower in the combined-therapy group with higher baseline levels ( ≥ 183 pg/mL · Cr) of urinary 8-isoprostane (p 0.004). Conclusions: EPA may reduce oxidative stress and inhibit the progression of arterial stiffness more efficiently than statin-only therapy in patients with dyslipidemia and CAD. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2011; 18:857-866.

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Section: Study Limitationscontrasting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Add-on Therapy of EPA Reduces Oxidative Stress and Inhibits the Progression of Aortic Stiffness in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Statin Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Study

Takaki

Umemoto

Ono

et al. 2011

JAT

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“…In addition, aggravation of the PGI/TXA balance may be considered an action of CRP. In contrast, Burns et al reported that the blood EPA/AA ratio in patients with coronary disease rose from 0.042 to 0.097 following fish oil intake, while the CRP level did not change 101) . Although this discrepancy in findings cannot be explained, it may be related to the very low EPA/AA ratio.…”

Section: Relationship Between the (Pgi2＋pgi3)/txa2 And Epa/aa Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 89%

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Reduces Cardiovascular Events: Relationship with the EPA/Arachidonic Acid Ratio

Ohnishi

Saitō

2013

JAT

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The clinical efficacy of fish oil and high-purity eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (hp-EPA-E) for treating cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been reported. Fish oil contains saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids that have pharmacological effects opposite to those of ω3 fatty acids (ω3). Moreover, ω3, such as EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), do not necessarily have the same metabolic and biological actions. This has obscured the clinical efficacy of ω3. Recently, the Japan EPA Lipid Intervention Study (JELIS) of hp-EPA-E established the clinical efficacy of EPA for CVD, and higher levels of blood EPA, not DHA, were found to be associated with a lower incidence of major coronary events. A significant reduction in the risk of coronary events was observed when the ratio of EPA to arachidonic acid (AA) (EPA/AA) was ＞0.75. Furthermore, the ratio of prostaglandin (

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“…Likewise, when rats were fed with a diet with low ω-6:ω-3 PUFA ratio, glucose and insulin levels improved; moreover, in some cases these changes were accompanied by lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines [27] . Human studies have shown that subjects who receive a dietary supplementation with ω-3 PUFAs, decrease their AA:EPA ratio, and this change is accompanied by a reduction in triglyceride levels that is not observed in subjects receiving placebo treatments [28] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Dietary ω-6:ω-3 PUFA Ratio Is Positively Associated with Excessive Adiposity and Waist Circumference

Torres-Castillo

Silva-Gomez²,

Campos-Pérez³

et al. 2018

Obes Facts

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Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze dietary ω-6:ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio and its association with adiposity and serum adiponectin levels in a Mexican population. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, individuals with a BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m 2 , were classified using four methods to measure adiposity. Parameters of body composition were measured by InBody 3.0. Diet intake was evaluated prospectively using a 3-day written food record. Serum high-molecular weight adiponectin isoform was measured using an ELISA assay. Biochemical and adiposity variables were analyzed by tertiles of dietary ω-6:ω-3 PUFA ratio. Results: A total of 170 subjects were recruited with a mean age of 36.9 ± 11.8 years. The 73.5% of subjects were women. Subjects in the higher tertile of dietary ω-6:ω-3 PUFA ratio had more adiposity and higher levels of triglycerides, VLDL-c, glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR than those in the first tertile (p < 0.05). Adiponectin levels showed a trend according to dietary This study suggests that high dietary ω-6:ω-3 PUFA ratio is positively associated with excessive adiposity and worse metabolic profile.

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Effect of Omega‐3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on the Arachidonic Acid: Eicosapentaenoic Acid Ratio

Abstract: Treatment with omega-3 fatty acids significantly reduced AA:EPA ratios in both healthy subjects and in patients with stable CAD. The treatment had no effect on hs-CRP levels in either group, and it reduced triglyceride levels in healthy subjects but not in patients with CAD.

Cited by 18 publications

References 22 publications

Add-on Therapy of EPA Reduces Oxidative Stress and Inhibits the Progression of Aortic Stiffness in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Statin Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Study

Add-on Therapy of EPA Reduces Oxidative Stress and Inhibits the Progression of Aortic Stiffness in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Statin Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Study

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Reduces Cardiovascular Events: Relationship with the EPA/Arachidonic Acid Ratio

High Dietary ω-6:ω-3 PUFA Ratio Is Positively Associated with Excessive Adiposity and Waist Circumference

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Effect of Omega‐3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on the Arachidonic Acid: Eicosapentaenoic Acid Ratio

Abstract: Treatment with omega-3 fatty acids significantly reduced AA:EPA ratios in both healthy subjects and in patients with stable CAD. The treatment had no effect on hs-CRP levels in either group, and it reduced triglyceride levels in healthy subjects but not in patients with CAD.

Cited by 18 publications

References 22 publications

Add-on Therapy of EPA Reduces Oxidative Stress and Inhibits the Progression of Aortic Stiffness in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Statin Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Study

Add-on Therapy of EPA Reduces Oxidative Stress and Inhibits the Progression of Aortic Stiffness in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Statin Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Study

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Reduces Cardiovascular Events: Relationship with the EPA/Arachidonic Acid Ratio

High Dietary &#x03C9;-6:&#x03C9;-3 PUFA Ratio Is Positively Associated with Excessive Adiposity and Waist Circumference

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High Dietary ω-6:ω-3 PUFA Ratio Is Positively Associated with Excessive Adiposity and Waist Circumference