Effect of Online Education Given to Young Adults on Testicular Cancer Health Beliefs and Behaviors

Abstract

Objective: Early detection of testicular cancer is cost-effective and accessible through screening and promoting health beliefs tailored to awareness. Self-examination is equally vital, yet research on young adult males in Turkey regarding testicular cancer health beliefs and early diagnostic behaviors is limited. This study evaluates the effect of online educational interventions on shaping health beliefs in this population. Methods: A randomized controlled experimental design was utilized, involving 112 males aged 18–35 attending family health centers under the Ağrı Provincial Health Directorate between April 2021 and June 2022. Using random sampling, 90 participants were selected. Data were collected via the "Introductory Information Form" and "Champion's Health Belief Model Scale." Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, chi-square, Greenhouse-Geisser correction, Sphericity Assumption assessment, Cochran Q, McNemar test, and Independent Groups t-test. Results: Sociodemographic characteristics were homogeneous between experimental and control groups (p > 0.05). The intervention, based on the Testicular Cancer Health Belief Model, significantly improved participants' health beliefs and behaviors. Positive changes were observed in perceived sensitivity, seriousness, benefits, and self-efficacy, alongside reduced perceived barriers (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Online education positively influenced health beliefs related to testicular cancer, highlighting its potential in awareness and proactive health engagement. This study enriches the limited research on health beliefs and early diagnostics among young Turkish males, emphasizing the utility of digital platforms in addressing critical health concerns.