Effect of oral magnesium supplementation on physical performance in healthy elderly women involved in a weekly exercise program: a randomized controlled trial , ,

Veronese, Nicola; Berton, Linda; Carraro, Samuela; Bolzetta, Francesco; Rui, Marina De; Perissinotto, Egle; Toffanello, Elena Debora; Bano, Gabriele; Pizzato, S.; Miotto, Fabrizia; Coin, Alessandra; Manzato, Enzo; Sergi, Giuseppe

doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.080168

Cited by 120 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Dhingra and colleagues showed a direct correlation between hypomagnesemia and respiratory muscle function in humans (25), and Stendig-Lindberg and colleagues demonstrated that maximum isometric voluntary contraction force was significantly weaker in hypomagnesaemic subjects (26, 27). These and other recent studies (28) show that magnesium deficiency directly and significantly impacts muscle strength in general and respiratory muscle strength specifically. As Matias and colleagues explain, magnesium deficiency has a significant effect on muscle performance, probably due to the key role of magnesium in energetic metabolism, transmembrane transport, muscle contraction, and on the cellular level on Na-K ATPase, Na–K–Cl co-transport, K channels, charge screening, and permeability effects on membranes (29).…”

supporting

confidence: 80%

SIDS–CDF Hypothesis Revisited: Cause vs. Contributing Factors

Siren¹

2017

Front. Neurol.

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The sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)–critical diaphragm failure (CDF) hypothesis was first published by Siren and Siren in 2011 (1). Since its publication, the hypothesis has continued to generate interest and several colleagues have contributed perspectives and insights to it (2–5). The basic premise of the hypothesis is that the diaphragm is a vital organ that must continuously generate adequate force to maintain ventilation, and that CDF is a terminal event and the cause of death in SIDS. I have argued in two follow-up articles that all SIDS factors either increase the workload of the respiratory muscles, the diaphragm being the primary muscle affected, or reduce its force generating capacity (6, 7). The SIDS–CDF hypothesis posits that SIDS has many contributing factors but only one cause, namely, the failure of the vital respiratory pump. There are several known SIDS factors, such as the prone sleeping position, non-lethal infections, deep sleep, gestational prematurity, low birth weight, cigarette smoke, male gender, and altitude, but of these, some such as the prone sleeping position more significantly both impact diaphragm function and correlate with SIDS. However, SIDS cases are multifactorial and as such can be caused by different combinations of factors. An infection combined with a prone sleeping position and elevated room temperature could lead to SIDS, whereas in other circumstances, low birth weight, cigarette smoke, prone sleeping position, and altitude could result in CDF and SIDS. The SIDS–CDF hypothesis also posits that SIDS does not have a congenital or genetic origin, and that efforts to identify significant genetic anomalies in SIDS victims are unlikely to be successful (8–11).

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confidence: 80%

SIDS–CDF Hypothesis Revisited: Cause vs. Contributing Factors

Siren¹

2017

Front. Neurol.

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“…The cutoffs for dividing the sample into tertiles were 10 and 11 points in men, and 9 and 11 points in women. Since the 4 m walking speed and five times sit-to-stand test are independent predictors of several negative outcomes in older people 24,25 , these parameters were also considered as separate items in this analysis. The cutoffs used for the 4 m gait speed were 0.83 and 0.98 m/s in males, and 0.72 and 0.85 m/s in females; for the five times sit-to-stand test, the corresponding cut-offs were 11.2 and 9.4 in males, and 10.2 and 12.6 s in females.…”

Section: A Physical Performance Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poor Physical Performance Predicts Future Onset of Depression in Elderly People: Progetto Veneto Anziani Longitudinal Study

Veronese

Stubbs

Trevisan³

et al. 2017

Physical Therapy

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“…As a result, overweight women had significantly stronger grip strength in both hands, and women who exercised had significant associations of grip strength with BMD (3). It is important to highlight that both studies were conducted in elderly women, similar to the study by Veronese et al (1). From this evidence we can argue that bone density is an important cofactor related to physical performance in this specific population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Veronese et al (1) recently published an article entitled "Effect of oral magnesium supplementation on physical performance in healthy elderly women involved in a weekly exercise program: a randomized controlled trial" in a recent issue of the Journal.…”

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confidence: 98%

A critical appraisal on the association and effects of magnesium and bone density on physical performance in elderly women

Unocc¹,

Valdez²,

Segura³

2015

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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A critical appraisal on the association and effects of magnesium and bone density on physical performance in elderly women Dear Editor:Veronese et al. (1) recently published an article entitled "Effect of oral magnesium supplementation on physical performance in healthy elderly women involved in a weekly exercise program: a randomized controlled trial" in a recent issue of the Journal.This parallel-group trial aimed to evaluate oral supplementation of magnesium oxide for 12 wk and to observe its effects on the physical performance of healthy elderly women. The women were evaluated during a conditioned physical program, the Short Physical Performance Battery. In addition, muscular strength tests using a dynamometer, several urine and blood tests, body composition, and surveys on eating frequency and physical activity were evaluated. The positive results related to magnesium on physical performance are encouraging and highlight the need for magnesium supplementation in women of this age, especially among those with clear documented magnesium deficiencies.Even though this article nicely evaluates and reports all of the relevant aspects mentioned above, we think it would also benefit by reporting on the importance of bone density measurement, which is a relevant aspect of physical performance assessment. In this regard, the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) has been proven in some studies to correlate well with physical performance. In one study (2), physical performance was measured through normal and brisk 8-m gait speed, normal and brisk step length, time 1-leg stance, timed sit-to-stand, and grip strength tests. The results showed that people with longer step lengths and faster normal and brisk gait speeds had higher BMD level throughout the body.In addition, another study (3) examined the association of grip strength with bone density at distant sites, such as the spine and hip, as well as at the wrist and distal radius in postmenopausal women. As a result, overweight women had significantly stronger grip strength in both hands, and women who exercised had significant associations of grip strength with BMD (3). It is important to highlight that both studies were conducted in elderly women, similar to the study by Veronese et al. (1). From this evidence we can argue that bone density is an important cofactor related to physical performance in this specific population.Given this, it would also be worthwhile to further explore and report whether magnesium would also help to increase or maintain bone density in women in this age range, therefore providing evidence for bone density to be a mediator, likely one of many others, between magnesium consumption and physical performance. In another study, Orchard et al. (4) found that low consumption of magnesium (,206.5 mg/d) was associated with lower whole-body BMD in comparison with the group who consumed more magnesium in their diet (.422.5 mg/d). Second, after a dietary and supplementation assessment conducted by Ryder et al. (5), it was concluded that higher...

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Effect of oral magnesium supplementation on physical performance in healthy elderly women involved in a weekly exercise program: a randomized controlled trial , ,

Abstract: Daily magnesium oxide supplementation for 12 wk seems to improve physical performance in healthy elderly women. These findings suggest a role for magnesium supplementation in preventing or delaying the age-related decline in physical performance.

Cited by 120 publications

References 29 publications

SIDS–CDF Hypothesis Revisited: Cause vs. Contributing Factors

SIDS–CDF Hypothesis Revisited: Cause vs. Contributing Factors

Poor Physical Performance Predicts Future Onset of Depression in Elderly People: Progetto Veneto Anziani Longitudinal Study

A critical appraisal on the association and effects of magnesium and bone density on physical performance in elderly women

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