“…The nature of the alloying metal and the concentration of the additive determine the ceramic grain size, phase stability, material density, total conductivity, and grain boundary resistance. Ha et al [69] investigated a series of 1 % additives introduced via metal nitrates into La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O3−δ powder. The best results for ceramic densification at 1300 °C were achieved by the addition of V 5+ , Li + , and Cu 2+ ions, for phase purity by the addition of B 3+ , V 5+ , and Si 4+ , and for electrical conductivity by the addition of V 5+ , Fe 3+ , Zn 2+ , and Cu 2+ .…”