Effect of Oxygen and Initiator Solubility on Admicellar Polymerization of Styrene on Silica Surfaces

Cheah, Pohlee; Bhikha, Caitlin N.; O’Haver, John H.; Smith, Adam E.

doi:10.1155/2017/6308603

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The key assumptions made during interpretation of the experimental data are that heat evolution measured by the calorimeter is proportional to the extent of conversion and that the reaction rate is proportional to the measured heat flow rate. Since the kinetics of polymerization depends on factors such as the inhibitor concentration, the age of monomer, etc., − a representative sample must be studied.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and Hazards of 4-Vinylbenzyl Chloride Storage and Thermal Decomposition of Di-4-methylbenzoyl Peroxide by DSC and TAM

Dutta

Dan

Horsch

2021

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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Thermal hazard assessments in process industries often require calorimetry and kinetic modeling. These techniques are illustrated using examples of inhibited 4-vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) self-polymerization and di-4-methylbenzoyl peroxide (MeBPO) thermal stability. The polymerization kinetics of inhibited VBC were studied using isothermal and non-isothermal calorimetry. A thermokinetic model was developed using calorimetry data and this model was coupled with a heat balance to predict the consequence of a commonly encountered plant scenario, loss of active cooling to a storage tank. Isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and microcalorimetry (using a TAM IV microcalorimeter) were also applied to analyze the thermal decomposition of MeBPO desensitized with silicone oil (50% w/w). The thermokinetic parameters and thermal stability were evaluated. MeBPO decomposes in two exothermic reactions, and the total heat of decomposition was determined to be 658.8 J/g of sample. The thermal decomposition of MeBPO was described by a model of two parallel reactions, the first leading to 4,4′dimethylbiphenyl and the second to p-methylbenzyl p-toluate. The results can be applied for emergency relief system design and for emergency rescue strategies during an upset or accident.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and Hazards of 4-Vinylbenzyl Chloride Storage and Thermal Decomposition of Di-4-methylbenzoyl Peroxide by DSC and TAM

Dutta

Dan

Horsch

2021

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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“…The results are reported in Table 2; as observed, the high polydispersity indicates that there was wide molecular weight distribution. In bulk polymerization, the viscosity of the medium increases gradually along the polymerization time; so, the radical propagation is slow, consequently, the termination of the chains occurs faster than the growth, generating high polydispersity [47,48,49]. A slight increase in the molecular weight and polydispersity was obtained in the copolymer synthesized under N 2 [48], which implies that the functionality of the initiator is not seriously affected by the presence of oxygen in the air atmosphere, so it is not necessary to use an inert atmosphere.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of a Lignin-Styrene-Butyl Acrylate Based Composite

et al. 2019

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In recent years, the pursuit of new polymer materials based on renewable raw materials has been intensified with the aim of reusing waste materials in sustainable processes. The synthesis of a lignin, styrene, and butyl acrylate based composite was carried out by a mass polymerization process. A series of four composites were prepared by varying the amount of lignin in 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt.% keeping the content of butyl acrylate constant (14 wt.%). FTIR and SEM revealed that the –OH functional groups of lignin reacted with styrene, which was observed by the incorporation of lignin in the copolymer. Additionally, DSC analysis showed that the increment in lignin loading in the composite had a positive influence on thermal stability. Likewise, Shore D hardness assays exhibited an increase from 25 to 69 when 5 and 20 wt.% lignin was used respectively. In this same sense, the contact angle (water) measurement showed that the LEBA15 and LEBA20 composites presented hydrophobic properties (whit contact angle above 90°) despite having the highest amount of lignin, demonstrating that the interaction of the polymer chains with the –OH groups of lignin was the main mechanism in the composites interaction.

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“…The reagent bottle is filled with nitrogen gas to remove oxygen trapped in the reagent bottle. The removal of oxygen gas by passing inert gas such as nitrogen needs to be done after the addition of AIBN because oxygen can slow down the polymerization by forming peroxides produced from the reaction between oxygen and free radicals formed [16]. Heating is performed for 7 h using an oven at 60 ºC.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer with Dimethylamylamine as Template

Amin¹,

Damayanti²,

Ibrahim³

2018

Asian J. Chem.

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Exercise is the place of interaction among humans which contains ethical values between one another that must be shown, tested and studied. Sports contain lessons such as honest play, teamwork, sportsmanship and so on. The heavy burden of being a winner on the shoulders of an athlete can be fatal to him. Some athletes use various means which are prohibited in competition to achieve the desired target, one of them is through the use of doping [1]. Types of doping are diverse, but some of them are drugs that are prohibited to use by governments either in sports activities or outside sports activities [1]. One such example is 1,3dimethylamylamine, which is listed as a doped agent and prohibited by World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) in 2010 and belongs to non-specific categories of stimulants. While in "The 2017 Prohibited List International Standard", methacrylic acid is categorized into a category-specific stimulant class [2]. Currently, dimethylamylamine is widely used as a popular stim

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Effect of Oxygen and Initiator Solubility on Admicellar Polymerization of Styrene on Silica Surfaces

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

Kinetics and Hazards of 4-Vinylbenzyl Chloride Storage and Thermal Decomposition of Di-4-methylbenzoyl Peroxide by DSC and TAM

Kinetics and Hazards of 4-Vinylbenzyl Chloride Storage and Thermal Decomposition of Di-4-methylbenzoyl Peroxide by DSC and TAM

Synthesis and Characterization of a Lignin-Styrene-Butyl Acrylate Based Composite

Synthesis and Characterization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer with Dimethylamylamine as Template

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