Effect of Palmitoleic Acid on Melanogenic Protein Expression in Murine B16 Melanoma

Abstract

Melanogenesis is a well-known physiological response of human skin that may occur because of exposure to ultraviolet light, for genetic reasons, or due to other causes. In our efforts to fi nd new skin lightening agents, palmitoleic acid was investigated for its ability to inhibit melanogenesis. In this study, palmitoleic acid s effect on melanin formation was assessed. Results indicated that palmitoleic acid was shown to down-regulate melanin content in a dose-dependent pattern. To clarify the target of palmitoleic acid action in melanogenesis, we performed Western blotting for tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), TRP-2, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), which are key melanogenic enzymes. Palmitoleic acid inhibited tyrosinase, TRP-2, and MITF expressions in a dose-dependent manner. However, it did not inhibit TRP-1 expression. In order to assess its usefulness in future cosmetic product applications, the cytotoxic effects of the palmitoleic acid were also determined by colourimetric MTT assays using human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Palmitoleic acid exhibited no cytotoxicity at 500 μM in a human cell line. Therefore, this study suggests that palmitoleic acid is a candidate anti-melanogenic agent, and it might be effective in hyperpigmentation disorders.

Down-regulation of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2 and MITF expressions by citrus press-cakes in murine B16 F10 melanoma

“…As shown in Figure 5, a total of 12 citrus flavonoids were identified on the basis of the compared to those in our HPLC library. The CCE is a predominantly composed of rutin (12 mg/g), narirutin (206 mg/g), and hesperigin (86 mg/g).…”

“…Especially, development of novel whitening phytochemicals from natural sources has become new popular trends recently [10] . Actually, several studies have focused on the inhibition of melanogenesis and the prevention of abnormal pigmentation for cosmetic reasons [11][12][13] .…”

“…Cellular tyrosinase activity was measured by the method of Yen (1) rutin, (2) narirutin, (3) naringin, (4) hesperidin, (5) neohesperidin, (6) neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, (7) naringenin, (8) hesperetin, (9) aprgrnin, (10) nobiletin, (11) tangeretin, (12) auraptene was diluted with ethanol to obtain a series concentration of working solutions, and subjected to HPLC analysis.…”

A Study of the Whitening Activities of Magnolia obovata Bark Ethyl Acetate Fractions as Cosmetic Ingredient

“…멜라닌 자극 호르몬(melanocyte stimulating hormones, α-MSH)이 멜라닌 자극 호르몬 수용체(melanocortin-1 receptor, MC1-R)와 결합하여 [4] adenylyl cyclase를 활 성화 시키게 되고, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) 수준이 증가하게 되면 cAMP-dependent kinase (PKA)가 cAMP response element binding protein (CREB)을 인산화 시켜 melanocyte 특이적인 microphthalmia associated transcription factor (MITF) promoter 를 활성화 시킨다 [5][6][7][8]. 멜라닌 생성에 관여하는 주요 효소인 tyrosinase와 tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1), tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2)의 발현에 관여하는 전사인자 MITF는 이들 유전자를 과발현 시켜 멜라닌 을 합성시킨다 [9][10][11]. 자외선이나 염증 등의 외부 자극 에 의해서도 멜라닌 생성이 촉진되므로 이러한 자극을 줄이거나, 자극이 melanocyte로 전달되는 신호를 차단 하거나 [12][13][14][15], 멜라닌 색소 생성 효소인 tyrosinase의 합성을 저해하는 방법 등이 있을 수 있다 [16,17].…”

Suppression of α-MSH and IBMX-induced melanogenesis by cordycepin via inhibition of CREB and MITF, and activation of PI3K/Akt and ERK-dependent mechanisms

“…For example, the Hoelen extract inhibits melanogensis and hyperpigmentation in skin cells (17). Other anti-melanogenesis compounds include lucidone extract from Lindera erythrocapa (18), palmitoleic acid (19), and the hirseins extract from Thymelaea hirsute (20).…”