“…Although many earlier researches revealed that panthothenic acid (PA) and its precursor dexpanthenol (DEX) had a benefi cial effect in several clinical or experimental conditions including Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) (10), liver failure (11), radiation damage (12), ischemia-reperfusion injury of brain (13) and testicular tissue (14), the experimental data focusing on cardio protective effect are still very limited. It has been reported that PA and derivatives should be considered as cardiac protectors throughout increasing ATP content, reducing lactate and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in isolated ischemiareperfusion heart model (15,16). Furthermore, the other studies indicate diverse functions of PA such as regulation of coenzyme A (CoA) (17,18), glutathione synthesis (12,17) and cholesterol synthesis of cell membranes (19).…”