Effect of particle surface potential and ionic strength on pigment distribution

Aqueous latex/ceramic nanoparticle dispersions: colloidal stability and coating properties

“…Examples include architectural [1,2], paper [3,4], biological [5][6][7], and electrical and optical coatings [8][9][10][11], as well as other industrial paints and coatings [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. These water-borne systems are environmentally friendly and easily processed.…”

“…Zhao et al [18] found that the presence of aggregated titanium dioxide particles in dispersions deleteriously affects the optical and mechanical properties of latex/titania paints. Researchers have found that the colloidal stability of aqueous dispersions can be disrupted by changes in pigment surface potential [17], ionic strength [17], pigment volume concentration [16], and even latex particle size [16]. One way to address the questions about filler clustering and stability in water-borne paints is through predictions using Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey and Overbeek (DLVO) theory [17,[21][22][23].…”

Selectivity of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic TiO2 for Organic‐Based Dispersants

“…To further compare the contributions of the adsorbed dispersants to improving the dispersion stabilities of w‐TiO 2 and o‐TiO 2 in EA, the potential energies attributed to the addition of dispersants were theoretically calculated by the DLVO theory using the data in Table . We assumed that the only attraction among TiO 2 particles is the van der Waals force ( V A ), which can be calculated by following equationwhere h is the center‐to‐center distance between two particles, a is the average radius of particles, and A 123 is the Hamaker constant, which can be determined from the Hamaker constants of the powder ( A 11 ), solvent ( A 22 ), and dispersant ( A 33 ):…”

“…To further compare the contributions of the adsorbed dispersants to improving the dispersion stabilities of w-TiO 2 and o-TiO 2 in EA, the potential energies attributed to the addition of dispersants were theoretically calculated by the DLVO theory using the data in Table 1. We assumed that the only attraction among TiO 2 particles is the van der Waals force (V A ), which can be calculated by following equation [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]…”

“…Interactions between the TiO 2 powders and the dispersants were analyzed on the basis of the dispersants' adsorption behaviors. In addition, we determined the dispersion efficiencies of the dispersants using the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] to calculate their potential energies in the adsorbed state. The relative dispersion efficiencies of the dispersants and the primary mechanisms contributing to TiO 2 stabilization are also clarified on the basis of the theoretical calculations.…”