Effect of passive smoking on respiratory symptoms, bronchial responsiveness, lung function, and total serum IgE in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey: a cross-sectional study

Janson, Christer; Chinn, Susan; Jarvis, Déborah; Zock, Jan‐Paul; Torén, Kjell; Burney, Peter

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(01)07214-2

Cited by 197 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…12 29 30 In the current study, neither time spent in an exposed environment nor the percentage of guests usually smoking before the ban were significantly associated with a decrease in prevalence of symptoms, although the trend was toward a larger sum score difference in workers with greater exposure. With a study sample of 906, we must caution that lack of study power could be the reason no dose-response relationship was found in this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

Decline in respiratory symptoms in service workers five months after a public smoking ban

Eagan

Hetland²,

Aarø³

2006

Tob Control

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Objective: To evaluate the effect of a total ban on smoking indoors in restaurants and other hospitality business premises in Norway, on respiratory symptoms among workers in the industry. Methods: Phone interviews with 1525 employees in the hospitality business were conducted immediately before the enacting of the law. In a follow-up study five months later, 906 of the workers from the baseline sample participated. Questions were asked on demographic variables, passive smoking exposure, personal smoking, attitudes towards the law, and five respiratory symptoms. Change in symptom prevalence was analysed with McNemar's test and with analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures. Results: The prevalence of all five symptoms declined after the ban; for morning cough from 20.6% to 16.2% (p , 0.01); for daytime cough from 23.2% to 20.9%; for phlegm cough from 15.3% to 11.8% (p , 0.05); for dyspnoea from 19.2% to 13.0% (p , 0.01); and for wheezing from 9.0% to 7.8%. ANOVA showed that the largest decline in symptom prevalence was seen among workers who themselves gave up smoking, and subjects with a positive attitude towards the law before it took effect. Conclusion: A significant decrease in respiratory symptoms among service industry workers was found five months after the enacting of a public smoking ban.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

Decline in respiratory symptoms in service workers five months after a public smoking ban

Eagan

Hetland²,

Aarø³

2006

Tob Control

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“…Two other observational studies demonstrated a relation between ETS exposure and decreased forced expiratory flow, midexpiratory phase (FEF 25%-75% ), but not FEV 1 or FVC (35,36). Other investigators have found no consistent relationship between ETS exposure and pulmonary function in adults (37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and pulmonary function among adults in NHANES III: impact on the general population and adults with current asthma.

Eisner

2002

Environ Health Perspect

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The impact of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure on adult pulmonary function has not been clearly determined. Because adults with asthma have chronic airway inflammation, they may be a particularly susceptible group. Using data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), I examined the cross-sectional relationship between serum cotinine, a biomarker of ETS exposure, and pulmonary function among 10,581 adult nonsmokers and 440 nonsmoking adults with asthma whose cotinine and spirometry data were available. I generated residuals, which are observed minus predicted values (based on Crapo equations), for forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC ratio to adjust for age, sex, and height. In addition, I used multivariate linear regression to control for sociodemographic characteristics and previous smoking history. Most adults with and without asthma had detectable serum cotinine levels, indicating recent ETS exposure (85.7% and 83.4%, respectively). Among nonsmoking male participants, I found no evidence that ETS exposure was related to decreased pulmonary function. In the nonsmoking female stratum, the highest cotinine tertile was associated with a lower FEV1 [-100 mL; 95% confidence interval (CI), -143 to -56 mL], FVC (-119 mL; 95% CI, -168 to -69 mL), and FEV1/FVC ratio (-1.77%; 95% CI, -2.18% to -1.36%). Among women with asthma, the highest cotinine tertile was also associated with decreased FEV1 (-261 mL; 95% CI, -492 to -30 mL), FVC (-291 mL; 95% CI, -601 to 20 mL), and FEV1/FVC ratio (-1.6%; 95% CI, -3.3% to 0.19%). In conclusion, ETS exposure is associated with decreased pulmonary function in adult females, especially those with asthma. This analysis should provide further impetus for public policies that promote smoke-free environments.

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“…This found that the prevalence of respiratory symptoms remained higher in ex-smokers for many years compared with nonsmokers [29]. Passive smoking is associated with asthma and respiratory symptoms [17,30], and it is disappointing that data about passive smoking were not available. However, smoking was more common among manual workers, which is why passive smoking was probably also more common in this group and could contribute to the increased risk of asthma and respiratory symptoms.…”

Section: Socio-economic Status and Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic status is related to incidence of asthma and respiratory symptoms in adults

Hedlund

Eriksson²,

Rönmark³

2006

Eur Respir J

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The aim of the present study was to assess the association between socio-economic status and impaired respiratory health in a 10-yr follow-up of a population-based postal survey in Northern Sweden.Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios in relation to socio-economic class, using age, sex, a family history of asthma, smoking habits, and occupational exposures to dust, gases and fumes as possible confounders.The study comprised 2,341 males and 2,413 females. Cumulative incidences were generally lowest in professionals, including executives and civil servants at intermediate and higher levels, who were chosen as reference group. Manual workers in industry showed a significantly increased risk of developing asthma, recurrent wheeze, attacks of shortness of breath or a combination of the two, and chronic productive cough. Manual workers in service showed a similar pattern for attacks of shortness of breath, recurrent wheeze, or a combination of the two, and chronic productive cough. The corresponding population attributable risks were ,10%.Low socio-economic status was a risk factor for the development of asthma, symptoms common in asthma and chronic productive cough.

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Effect of passive smoking on respiratory symptoms, bronchial responsiveness, lung function, and total serum IgE in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 197 publications

References 32 publications

Decline in respiratory symptoms in service workers five months after a public smoking ban

Decline in respiratory symptoms in service workers five months after a public smoking ban

Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and pulmonary function among adults in NHANES III: impact on the general population and adults with current asthma.

Socio-economic status is related to incidence of asthma and respiratory symptoms in adults

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