Effect of pawpaw leaf and seed meal composite mix dietary supplementation on haematological indices, carcass traits and histological studies of broiler chicken

Abstract

Background: The use of phytogenic feed supplement is now being considered in broiler production for enhancing their performance and health status. In this 42-day feeding trial, the effects of a diet supplemented with pawpaw leaf and seed meal composite mix (PCM) on hematological indices, carcass, internal organs weights, and histology of the liver and testis of broiler chickens was assessed. Methods: Total number of 396 1-day-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were distributed to six dietary treatments: (diet 1; 0.0 % PCM), (0.2 % PCM), (0.4 % PCM), (0.6 % PCM), (0.8 % PCM), (1.0 % PCM). The relative internal organ weights and hematological indices were determined. The liver and testistical samples were taken for histopathological examination. Results: White blood cell (WBC) counts of birds fed PCM supplemented diets were similar/comparable to that of the birds fed the control diet; however, the highest (P < 0.05) counts were recorded in birds fed diets 2 and 6. The hemoglobin concentration (Hbc) and packed cell volume (PCV) of birds fed PCM supplemented diets were similar (P > 0.05) to those fed the control diet, except for those fed diet 6 had significantly (P < 0.05) lower Hbc and PCV. The carcass and relative internal organ weight of the broiler chickens were not affected (P > 0.05) by the PCM supplementation. The dietary PCM supplementation produced a marked proliferation of polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells, activation of liver macrophages system, the Kupffer cells in the liver of the birds. There were also reduced spermatogenic activities in seminiferous tubules, congestion of seminiferous tubules, tunica albuginea, and medial hypertrophy of the blood vessels in birds fed the 0.4 to 1.0% PCM supplemented diets. Conclusion: Dietary PCM supplementation supports normal hemapoietic processes and normal carcass and internal organ development. However, dietary PCM supplementation produced some pathological changes in the liver and testis of the birds.

Effects of Inclusion of Different Doses of Persicaria odorata Leaf Meal (POLM) in Broiler Chicken Feed on Biochemical and Haematological Blood Indicators and Liver Histomorphological Changes

“…Furthermore, dietary inclusion of POLM did not influence the relative organs weights in experimental broiler chickens. The outcomes of our present study are in agreement with Oloruntola [53], who observed that the relative internal organs weights of the broilers were not influenced by dietary inclusion of seed meal and pawpaw leaf meal. Similar observations were described in the work by Rubio et al [77] and Vispute et al [13], where dietary addition of phytobiotics did not influence the relative organs weights in broiler chickens.…”

“…In another experiment, Gilani et al [ 11 ] examined the efficacy of organic acids and phytobiotics (possessing flavonoids) in poultry feed as alternatives to AGPs, observing significant increases in RBC and WBC counts, as well as an increase in PCV in broiler chickens. Similarly, broiler chickens fed Garden cress ( Lepidium satvium ) seed powder [ 51 ], cayenne pepper ( Capsicum frutescens ) and turmeric ( Curcuma longa ) powders [ 52 ], and pawpaw leaf and seed meal [ 53 ] showed increased values of Hb, PCV, and RBCs.…”

Response of broiler chickens to substitution of vitamin-mineral premix with Carica papaya seed meal

“…In another experiment, Gilani et al (2018) examined the efficacy of organic acids and phytobiotics (possessing flavonoids) in poultry feed as alternatives to AGPs, observing significant increases in RBC and WBC counts, as well as an increase in PCV in broiler chickens. Similar observations were observed when broiler chickens were fed Garden cress (Lepidium satvium) seed powder (Shawle et al, 2016), cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) powders (Adegoke et al, 2018), and pawpaw leaf and seed meal (Oloruntola, 2019). Isaac et al (2013) stated that haematological components, which consists of red blood cells, white blood cells or leucocytes, Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration are valuable in monitoring feed toxicity, especially, with feed constituents that affect the blood as well as the health status of farm animals.…”

Effect of a Fermented Mixture of Papaya Leaf and Seed Meal on Production Traits and Intestinal Ecology of the Indonesian Indigenous Crossbred Chickens

“…Also, dietary incorporation of fermented pineapple peel resulted in absent influence on the carcass characteristics of broiler strains (Heryandi et al, 2018). In respect to papaya leaf and seed, feeding papaya leaf (Oloruntola et al, 2018), seed (Bolu et al, 2009) or the blend of papaya leaf and seed (Oloruntola, 2019) did not influence the carcass characteristics of broiler chickens.…”