Effect of Personal Protective Equipment during Pesticide Application to Neurological Symptoms in Farmers in Purworejo District, Indonesia

Nurcandra, Fajaria; Mahkota, Renti; Shivalli, Siddharudha

doi:10.21109/kesmas.v12i4.1695

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The education of farmers on the hazards of pesticides is crucial for changing wrong behaviors in PPE use. Incorporate of farmers' preferences in extension or health and safety programs to promote safety measures during working with pesticides is important to do [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51]. It is a strategy to maximize the protection of pesticide user from hazardous exposures and emphasis on lifelong training and education as crucial for changing wrong behavior in the handling of pesticides [52], [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Toxicity Prevention in Farmer’s Community Movement

Mahyuni

Harahap

et al. 2021

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Pesticide toxicity is a serious problem in poor and developing countries agricultural communities, including Indonesia. AIM: This study aims to design an effort of pesticide toxicity prevention. METHODS: This is participation action research in look, think, and action cycle of pesticide use process as a qualitative study. The participants were taken by purposive technique and data collected with focus group discussion, in-depth interviews, self-report, and observation. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis. All participants are the commitment farmers that able to prevent and resolve the pesticide toxicity problem. This research has ethical clearance with number 1608/I/SP/2019. RESULTS: The results found that the determinant factor of pesticide toxicity is a high risk such as direct contact, unusually personal protection used, bad behavior such as spraying while smoking, blowing pump hoses directly, poor personal hygiene, pesticide storage, and disposal action. Several factors that influence are ignorance of farmers about the toxic effects that cause chronic toxicity. To prevent pesticide toxicity, we found the eight principles of pesticide use that formulated based on the epidemiology prevention approach that meets the level of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. It called Community Movement in Toxic Resolve or Gerakan Masyarakat Petani Atasi Racun (GEMPAR) arranged as an effort to prevent toxicity, including recognizing the hazard of pesticide, completely personal protection used, paying attention to the wind direction and spraying route, store pesticides in a safe place, safely dispose of pesticides, personal hygiene, record, and report toxicity symptom, and going to organic farming. CONCLUSION: The effort of pesticide toxicity could prevent in successful by a community movement called GEMPAR that divides into eight principles of prevention action in pesticide used.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Toxicity Prevention in Farmer’s Community Movement

Mahyuni

Harahap

et al. 2021

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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“…The farmers reported feeling uncomfortable in using PPE during handling and spraying pesticide in hot weather. 4 The effect of pesticides on lung dysfunction may be due to previous lung disease (low-grade asthma or COPD). Repeated exposure to pesticides may also increase the risk for healthy individuals to suffer from respiratory decline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effects of pesticides depend on the degree of toxicity, dosage, absorption rate on the body, temperature, and duration of pesticide use. 4 If farmers are aware of the harmfulness of pesticides to their health, then they will use complete PPE for a large volume of pesticides. Proper PPE used during preparation and spraying of pesticides is supported by good behavior of personal hygiene, and wind direction during spraying can decrease the risk of pesticide exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amount of risk based on spraying duration increased by 1 point for the duration of work 11 -50, 51 -100, and ≥ 101. 4,5 These findings were probably due to the behavior of pesticide applicators who wore incomplete PPE during highlevel pesticide exposure. 14,15 Cumulative exposure classification of previous studies showed a significant increase in chronic bronchitis in the presence of increased intensity / duration of pesticide exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Occupational exposure, especially pesticide exposure, has been associated with respiratory symptoms and chronic respiratory disease. [2][3][4][5] COPD lung dysfunction is expected to become the third leading cause of death by 2030. 6 More than 1.1 billion workers worldwide work in the agricultural sector (about 34% of the global working force).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adverse Effect of Aerosol Pesticide on Lung Dysfunction amongPaddy Farmers in Purworejo, Central Java, Indonesia

Nurcandra

Mahkota²,

Wahyono³

2020

Kesmas: National Public Health Journal

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The World Health Organization estimated that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will be the highest non-communicable disease worldwide by2030, and pesticide exposure is one of major risk factors. This study aimed to determine effect of pesticide exposure on lung dysfunction among paddyfarmers. A case-control study was performed on April - May 2016 in Purworejo. The case group comprised 66 farmers suffering from lung dysfunction during2015 based on medical records, while the control group comprised 59 neighboring farmers showing normal lung function. Both case and control groups weretested using a spirometer and COPD assessment test (CAT) questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis of pesticide quantity (OR = 0.75; 95% CI = 0.317 -1.754) and duration of spraying (OR = 1.11; 95% CI = 0.430 - 2.891) adjusted for confounders showed no clear associations. Pesticide remained a potentialhealth risk for lung dysfunction due to farming duration (OR = 5.61; 95% CI = 1.124 - 27.990) adjusted by age, personal protective equipment, records of lungdisease, smoking habit, dust exposure, and indoor air pollution. The farming duration was revealed to be a risk factor, but no clear association was found between quantity and duration of spraying to lung dysfunction.

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