Effect of Personality and Situational Factors on Intentions to Obey Rules in Outdoor Recreation Areas

Gramann, James H.; Bonifield, Rhonda L.; Kim, Yong-Geun

doi:10.1080/00222216.1995.11949753

Cited by 37 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Even if legal access into the wetlands is not provided, the relative ease with which intruders gained access into the site strongly suggests that people will be prepared to breach the fence in the newly developed areas. People do not always adhere to regulations and compliance is generally not universal (Gramann and Bonifield, 1995;Scarpaci et al, 2003). Awareness-raising through education and signage can enhance the probability of appropriate human behaviour (Solomon, 1998;Aytülkasapoglu and Ecevit, 2002) and may also offer a mechanism through which compliance with the no public access policy can be improved at Cheetham.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Unauthorised human use of an urban coastal wetland sanctuary: Current and future patterns

Antos

Ehmke

Tzaros

et al. 2007

Landscape and Urban Planning

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Unauthorised human use of an urban coastal wetland sanctuary: Current and future patterns

Antos

Ehmke

Tzaros

et al. 2007

Landscape and Urban Planning

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“…Johnson and Swearingen (1992) found that sanction signs reduced off-trail hiking by 75%. In a laboratory setting, Gramann, Bonifeld, and Kim (1995) showed that fear appeals were more effective than other messages in influencing participants' rule-obedience intentions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, this finding occurred in a context in which compliance was already high. Finally, in a laboratory experiment, Gramann, Bonifeld, and Kim (1995) found that AC/AR messages promoted rule obedience intentions; but they were more effective on high social-responsibility subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Influencing Behavior in a Boating Speed Zone

2007

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The greatest source of human-related mortality for endangered Florida manatees is collisions with watercraft. Regulation of boat speeds is the principal management tool to minimize this threat. Demands on law enforcement limit their ability to monitor boater behavior and managers seek alternative strategies to increase compliance. The purposes of this study were to: (1) explore the effectiveness of an on-site sign to enhance boater compliance in a boating speed zone, and (2) Conservation Commission, unpublished data). Despite this effort, the leading identified human-related mortality factor continues to be collisions with watercraft (USFWS, 2001).Concern that boaters have not been adhering to manatee speed zone regulations led to a number of boating studies investigating compliance, and compliance studies are currently included as an objective in the current revision of the manatee recovery plan (USFWS, 2001). As defined by Ridgeway (2000), compliance is a change in behavior toward a group standard to avoid punishment or receive a reward. Because an individual can conform to a standard without personally believing in it, compliance does not necessarily denote an enduring behavioral change. From these boating studies, we can conclude that a myriad of variables both within and between study sites are related to compliance. However, there are two general trends: personal watercraft (e.g., jet skis) tend to be the least compliant vessels (Gorzelany, 1996(Gorzelany, , 1998(Gorzelany, , 2000Gorzelany, 2001;Shapiro, 2001;Tyson & Combs, 1999), and compliance tends to be positively correlated with vessel length (Gorzelany, 1998(Gorzelany, , 2001Shapiro, 2001; Tyson & Coombs, 1999; but see Tyson, 2001). Other identified relationships between compliance and observed variables (e.g., direction of travel) tend to vary among sites (Shapiro, 2001).Previous research on boating behavior in manatee speed zones indicates that the presence of law enforcement mediates compliance (Gorzelany, 1996(Gorzelany, , 1998(Gorzelany, , 2001Shapiro, 2001; Tyson& Coombs, 1999). This was further supported by a survey of Florida boaters in the Tampa Bay region that asked respondents about variables influencing compliance (Aipanjiguly et al., 2003). However, demands on wildlife officers at the local, state, and federal levels as well as the widely dispersed locations of manatee zones around the state, preclude the officers' ability to maintain a persistent presence in manatee zones. Thus, wildlife managers seek strategies to increase compliance without increasing the burden on law enforcement agencies.The purpose of this study was twofold: to investigate the effect of an alternative method of increasing compliance and to examine covariates that may help law enforcement understand and predict noncompliance. First, we examined the effectiveness of a supplemental on-site sign with messages providing two possible consequences of noncompliance (i.e., being sanctioned and colliding with a manatee) as well as the proper coping mechanism to avoid these ...

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“…Non-compliant behaviour is one of the most significant problems reported by management at nature based tourist establishments (Gramann et al, 1995;Ward & Roggenbuck, 2003;Fredman et al, 2009); at BMNP this non-compliant behaviour is particularly evident in visitors venturing off-trail. According to Mr. Geoff Luscombe,…”

Section: Research Problem Contribution and Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This same definition of national parks continues to apply, but with an even greater emphasis on maintaining environmental and conservation values (Wright, 1996). However, a key problem faced by management at national parks is the non-compliant behaviour of visitors who violate protective regulations such as walking off-trail and, in doing so, place themselves and others at risk (Gramann et al, 1995;Ward & Roggenbuck, 2003;Fredman et al, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding non-compliance in national parks: an extension of the theory of planned behaviour

Goh¹

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Effect of Personality and Situational Factors on Intentions to Obey Rules in Outdoor Recreation Areas

Cited by 37 publications

References 22 publications

Unauthorised human use of an urban coastal wetland sanctuary: Current and future patterns

Unauthorised human use of an urban coastal wetland sanctuary: Current and future patterns

Factors Influencing Behavior in a Boating Speed Zone

Understanding non-compliance in national parks: an extension of the theory of planned behaviour

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