Effect of pH on solubility of white Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Biodentine: An in vitro study

Abstract

Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acidic, neutral and alkaline environments on the solubility of white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) and Biodentine (BD). Methods. Thirty-nine ring molds were randomly divided into three groups of A, B, and C (n = 12) with pH values of 7.4, 4.4 and 10.4, respectively, and an empty mold was used as a control. Each group was further divided into two subgroups (1 and 2) according to the material studied. The samples in groups A, B and C were transferred into synthetic tissue fluid buffered at pH values of 7.4, 4.4 and 10.4, respectively, and kept in an incubator at 37°C with 100% humidity. Daily solubility at 1-, 2-, 5-, 14-, 21-, and 30-day intervals and cumulative solubility up to 5-, 14-, and 30-day intervals were calculated. Statistical analysis was carried out with independent-samples t-test, two-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests using SPSS 18. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results. Both WMTA and BD exhibited the highest solubility in acidic pH with 5.4235±0.1834 and 10.7516±0.0639 mean cumulative solubility values at 30-day interval, respectively. At all exposure times, BD was significantly more soluble than WMTA (P<0.001). Conclusion. Acidic periapical environment jeopardized the solubility of both WMTA and BD, affecting their sealing characteristics in clinical applications like perforation repair procedures and blunderbuss canals.

Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles Promote Odontogenesis and Neutralize Pathophysiological Acidic pH

“…Bacterial localization and pulpal/periapical inflammation-mediated acidic pH (pH ∼5.5) hinders pulpdentin regeneration (Loesche, 1996;Azuma, 2006;Hirose et al, 2016). Acidic pH in tooth lesions affects the physicochemical properties of the biomaterials and hinders the sealing potential, and inhibits cellular activity (Pushpa et al, 2018). Butyric acid is one of the bacterial byproducts causing acidic pH in and affecting dental/periodontal health and treatments (Niederman et al, 1997).…”

“…Butyric acid and lactic acid are the main acidic byproducts of localized bacteria in the dental cavity (Hojo et al, 1994;Loesche, 1996), which could drop the pH below 5.5 in the decayed tooth cavity and affect pulp tissue homeostasis. Acidic pH not only affects the physicochemical biomaterial used but also impairs cell viability and activity (Hirose et al, 2016;Pushpa et al, 2018). Moreover, acidic pH also amplifies the inflammation in pulp tissue.…”

Minimal Intervention in Dentistry: A Literature Review on Biodentine as a Bioactive Pulp Capping Material

“…Biodentine's high Ca 2+ release, as compared to CH cements and other CSCs, has been due to their solubility. The evident Ca 2+ release of Biodentine has been attributed to their high solubility in comparison to CH cements and other CSCs [ 14 , 22 , 29 , 35 , 42 – 45 ].…”

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“…Groups The stimulation to the mineralization process may be associated with the solubility presented in the cement through alkalinization and the release of calcium ions 39 . However, the solubility of material must follow norms since high solubilization can lead to empty spaces, compromising the sealing obtained.…”