Effect of Phenolic Substances and Hydrogen Peroxide on Antioxidant Activity of Some Strains of Basidiomycetes

The results of the modification of methods for producing enzymatic preparations (EP) of peroxidases and catalases of extra- and intracellular finding from fungal cultures are presented. Strains of Flammulina velutipes F-vv, Lentinula edodes 523 and Pleurotus ostreatus P-01 were used as producers of oxidoreductases. The producers were cultured in glucose-peptone medium, modified for each strain. Protein fractionation was carried out by leaching with ammonium sulfate at a saturation of 40–70% for peroxidases and 80% for catalases. The obtained solutions of protein fractions were additionally subjected to purification by dialysis, gel filtration on Molselect G-50 and G-75 granules, and also freeze drying. The yield of enzymatic preparations per unit mass of mycelium and the volume of culture fluid were calculated. The individual characteristics of EP – enzymatic activity, the mass percentage of protein and associated amino acids, the ratio of the latter in groups depending on the nature of the radicals (amphotericity) of protein molecules are established. It was proved that the amino acid content in the proteins of fungal EP catalases and peroxidases indicates their acidic nature and this is confirmed by the pH values of aqueous solutions. Examination and toxicity testing of enzymatic preparations were carried out in certified laboratories, which confirmed their characteristics and compliance with safety requirements. The therapeutic properties of amino acids that are part of proteins or are in a free state in enzyme preparations are analyzed. In this way, the methods have been developed for producing enzymatic preparations of peroxidases and catalases of extra- and intracellular location, which allow new antioxidant enzymes with individual properties to be obtained, and, as a result, bring prospects for use in various industries and scientific research.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of isolation methods and physico-biochemical properties of preparations of fungal oxidoreductases

Fedotov

Usikova

2020

“…The study of this effect is of practical interest, since ROS can play the role of mediators of important intracellular signaling pathways, inducers of the defense system and ion transport systems, trigger programmed cell apoptosis, etc. (Lushchak, 2014;Fedotov & Bisko, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interest in lipid peroxidation in biological membranes has increased dramatically in recent times. This is evidenced by numerous publications in a wide variety of biological and medical periodicals (Kapich, 2010;Lushchak, 2011;Fedotov & Bisko, 2018). Just a few years ago, the study of chain reactions of fatty acid peroxidation represented insignificant branches of various branches of science, quite separate from each other.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is experimental evidence of the ability of xylotrophs to form ROS, which can cause destruction of lignin and cellulose. Since free radicals also have the ability to initiate peroxidation of various components of the cell, and primarily lipids, it is important to assess the possibility of occurrence and regulation of LPO processes in cultures of basidiomycetes (Kapich, 2010;Asatiani et al, 2018;Fedotov & Bisko, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The state of antioxidant protection system in cows under the influence of heavy metals

Slivinska

Shcherbatyy

Lukashchuk

et al. 2020

A highly relevant problem of modern veterinary science is the study of features and mechanisms of combined action of the most common heavy metals – cadmium and plumbum and their influence on the body of humans and animals in the regions of Ukraine under technogenic pollution. The purpose of the work was to study the influence of heavy metals on the state of the antioxidant protection system of cows, in particular on the content of lipid peroxidation products (malonic dialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides and diene conjugates), and activity of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase), depending on the distance to the heaps of mines in the coal basin. The study objects were cows of black-and-white breed at the age of 3–7 years. It was established that this parameter in the place with the highest concentration of diene conjugates in the blood of cows was by 25.8 % higher compared to the place of low concentration and 12.1 % higher compared to the place with medium concentration. In the place with the highest content of lipid hydroperoxides in the blood of cows the parameter was 23.7 % higher compared to the cows from the place with the low content. The concentration of lipid hydroperoxides in the blood of cows from the place with the medium content was 16.7% higher compared to the cows from the place with the low content. The parameter from the place with the lowest content of lipid hydroperoxides in the blood of cows was 12.1% lower compared to the place with the highest content. The level of malonic dialdehyde in the blood of cows from the technogenic pollution zone in the place with the largest amount was higher by 36.2; 34.0 and 18.8 % – compared to places with medium and low levels, respectively. The activity of superoxide dismutase in the blood of cows in the place with its highest activity was 0.284 ± 0.0099 % block. reac/g Hb, and in the place with the lowest activity – 0.23 ± 0.0051 % block. reac/g Hb. The activity of glutathione peroxidase in the blood of cows in farms of the technogenic pollution zone depended on the distance to the mine. These researches will further develop effective methods of treating cows under the influence of heavy metals, in particular regarding the antioxidant system.

Phenolic substances as regulators of the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes of the strains Pleurotus eryngii, Fistulina hepatica and Agrocybe cylindracea

Fedotov

2020

The work is devoted to the calculation, comparison of indicators and the development of a method for regulating the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes (LPP) of strains of basidiomycetes. The purpose of the investigation is to study the effect of phenolic type chemicals and hydrogen peroxide on the lipid peroxidation of certain strains of basidiomycetes under laboratory cultivation. Cultivation of strains of basidiomycetes was carried out by periodic surface method on glucose-peptone medium (GPM) in flasks. The influence of sodium lignosulfonate, tannin, gallic acid and hydrogen peroxide at 0.1% concentration at 24 and 48 hours of exposure on the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes of the strains Pleurotus eryngii P-er, Fistulina hepatica Fh-08 and Agrocybe cylindracea 960, fungi of the phylum Basidiomycota, orderAgaricales has been investigated. It was established that the used phenolic-type chemical compounds that are part of the lignocellulose complex of wood or are the products of its decomposition to a certain extent affect the lipid peroxidation processes of mycelial cell lipids in the studied cultures of basidium fungi. The individual reaction of LPP of cultures to the applied substance and the time of its exposure are determined. The highest degree of LPP induction was recorded upon addition of tannin – by 161%, after 48 hours of exposure in the mycelium of strain Fh-08; sodium lignosulfonate – by 192%, after 48 hours in the mycelium of strain P-er; gallic acid – by 182%, after 24 hours, in the mycelium of strain P-er; hydrogen peroxide – by 257%, after 24 hours, in the CR of strain 960. The biotechnological significance of this is the possibility of regulation (induction or repression) of LPP of producer strains. From a biomedical point of view, the possibility of changing the activity of lipid peroxidation processes of mycelium and culture fluid makes it possible to obtain and use more effective functional products of fungal origin.