Effect of photoperiod and plant growth regulators on in vitro mass bulblet proliferation of Narcissus tazzeta L. (Amaryllidaceae), a potential source of galantamine

Abstract

Narcissus tazetta L., a bulbous plant belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family, contains alkaloid galantamine (GAL) with acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity which has been recently considered to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the current work, the effect of photoperiod (16/8 h light/dark and 24 h dark) and various concentrations of NAA, BAP, and GA 3 (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg l -1 ) on the in vitro mass bulblet regeneration of N. tazetta was studied. The GAL production ability of the regenerated bulblets was assessed by HPLC-UV-MS. Light treatments significantly affected the number of bulblet and leaf, the ratio of bulblet/leaf, and leaf length. The maximum number of bulblet (31.0 ± 1.58) and leaf (13.3 ± 1.33) was recorded from the cultures fortified with NAA and BAP (2 mg l -1 ) kept in 16/8 h light/dark, while the maximum leaf length (2.1 ± 0.92 cm) was measured on the MS medium containing 0.5 mg l -1 NAA and 2 mg l -1 BAP incubated in the same photoperiod. The average ratio of bulblet proliferation per explant was significantly different between studied photoperiod (1.1 ± 0.86) and 24 h dark (0.62 ± 0.31). The regenerated bulblets contained 40 and 20 µg g -1 DW GAL underexposed photoperiod and 24 h dark, respectively. This information could be useful in the commercial production of GAL as a valuable anti-AD compound through in vitro mass bulblet proliferation of N. tazetta. Key messageThe regenerated mass bulblets of Narcissus tazetta (Amaryllidaceae) on MS medium containing 2 mg l -1 NAA and BAP kept in 16/8 h light/dark are recommended to produce galanatamine and lycorine.

Alkaloids Analysis of Habranthus cardenasianus (Amaryllidaceae), Anti-Cholinesterase Activity and Biomass Production by Propagation Strategies

“…In-vitro culture is large scale micropropagation using tissue culture techniques [ 23 ]. Micropropagation is possible due to the totipotentiality of plant cells, which is the ability to regenerate a complete plant under the appropriate stimuli [ 17 , 24 ]. Micropropagation is very useful in breeding programs because it produces a uniform quality of commercial plants, with a high multiplication rate, little genetic variability, and a stable production of the metabolites of interest [ 23 ].…”

“…Thus, the extraction of bioactive metabolites from natural sources is currently not viable, and it is important to develop sustainable propagation methods for Amaryllidaceae domestication [17]. Such methods include seed propagation [18,19], cut-induced bulb division [20][21][22], and micropropagation [23][24][25]. Seed propagation is a simple and economical way to obtain seedlings [26] and allows a good multiplication rate, but it has the drawback of a high genetic drift [19].…”

Biotechnological Approaches to Optimize the Production of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids

“…Light is another important factor that can boost the production of AAs in in vitro cultures. In general, studies suggest that light has a positive impact on alkaloid production in Amaryllidaceae tissues [ 29 , 31 , 62 , 66 ]. In shoot cultures of N. confuses , light affected both morphology and alkaloid content [ 62 ].…”

Micropropagación del lirio amazónico (Eucharis grandiflora Planch. & Linden) mediante organogénesis directa

“…Una alternativa es la micropropagación, técnica que ha sido probada exitosamente en la propagación masiva de varias especies vegetales que presentan limitaciones importantes (Anis & Ahmad, 2016;Cardoso, Sheng Gerald, & Teixeira da Silva, 2018). En especies de la familia Amaryllidaceae, el uso de esta estrategia se encuentra ampliamente documentado (El Tahchy et al, 2011;Juan-Vicedo, Pavlov, Ríos, & Casas, 2019;Rahimi Khonakdari, Rezadoost, Heydari, & Mirjalili, 2020;Zayed, El-Shamy, Berkov, Bastida, & Codina, 2011), aunque en lirio amazónico los reportes son escasos y se han centrado en el estudio de algunos factores que intervienen durante la regeneración de brotes adventicios, como el tamaño y la orientación de los explantes (escamas dobles y pedicelos), la concentración de las sales inorgánicas del medio de cultivo, la temperatura y el fotoperiodo (Hasegawa, Takigawa, & Tokuzumi, 1995;Pierik, Sprenkels, & van Bragt, 1983), así como también aquellos que participan durante la embriogénesis somática (Mujib, Banerjee, & Ghosh, 2005;Mujib, Banerjee, Maqsood, & Ghosth, 2013). El objetivo de esta investigación fue elaborar una metodología que permita la micropropagación de esta especie mediante organogénesis directa con el fin de incrementar las tasas de propagación y obtener material homogéneo.…”