Effect of pimobendan on left atrial function in dogs with preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease

Sarcinella, Fabio; Neves, J.; Maddox, Thomas W.; Hodgkiss-Geere, Hannah; Bode, Elizabeth; Dukes‐McEwan, Joanna

doi:10.4314/ovj.v9i4.16

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This change may alternatively be explained by improvements in ventricular lusitropic function, as our results did show evidence of this effect. The recent study by Sarcinella et al ( 9 ) of DMVD dogs administered pimobendan chronically which found no significant improvements in LA function may be more characteristic of its effect in dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Moreover, echocardiographic evaluation of left atrial pump function can be complicated as LA size is strongly influenced by both ventricular function and loading conditions. For instance, there are reports of increased atrial function under pimobendan treatment, as assessed by LA fractional shortening in two recent feline studies ( 7 , 8 ), but no evidence of improvement in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD) ( 9 ). Therefore, we sought to further investigate the effects of pimobendan on the LA in canine DCM by focusing on multiple echocardiographic indicators of size and function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Effects of Pimobendan on Cardiac Function in Dogs With Tachycardia Induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study

et al. 2021

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Background: Pimobendan provides a significant survival benefit in dogs with cardiac disease, including degenerative mitral valve disease and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Its positive inotropic effect is well-known, however, it has complex effects and the mechanisms behind the survival benefit are not fully characterized. Secondary hemodynamic effects may decrease mitral regurgitation (MR) in DCM, and the benefits of pimobendan may extend to improved cardiac relaxation and improved atrial function.Hypothesis/Objectives: Our objective was to investigate the acute cardiac effects of pimobendan in dogs with a DCM phenotype. We hypothesized that pimobendan would increase left atrial (LA) contractility, reduce mitral regurgitation, improve diastolic function, and lower circulating NT-ProBNP levels.Animals: Seven purpose-bred Beagles were studied from a research colony with tachycardia induced DCM phenotype.Methods: The effects of pimobendan were studied under a placebo-controlled single-blinded cross-over design. In short, dogs underwent baseline and 3 h post-dose examinations 7 days apart with echocardiography and a blood draw. Dogs were randomized to receive oral placebo or 0.25 mg/kg pimobendan after their baseline exam. Investigators were blinded to treatments until all measurements were compiled.Results: When treated with pimobendan, the dogs had significant increases in systolic function and decreases in MR, compared to when treated with placebo.There were no detectable differences in left atrial measures, including LA size, LA emptying fraction, LA functional index or mitral A wave velocity. Heart rate decreased significantly with pimobendan compared to placebo. There was also a decrease in isovolumetric relaxation time normalized to heart rate. NT-proBNP levels had a high degree of variability.Conclusions: Improved mitral regurgitation severity and improved lusitropic function may contribute to the reported survival benefit for dogs with cardiac disease administered pimobendan. Pimobendan did not overtly improve LA function as assessed by echocardiography, and NT-proBNP was not significantly changed with a single dose of this medication. Further studies are needed to better characterize LA effects with other imaging modalities, to better quantify the total improvement of MR severity, and to assess chronic use of pimobendan on diastolic function in DCM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effects of Pimobendan on Cardiac Function in Dogs With Tachycardia Induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study

et al. 2021

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“…Патологія серця у тварин може клінічно не проявлятися тривалий час, що створює труднощі для постановки діагнозу (Oldach et al, 2019;Kochie et al, 2020). У разі виявлення у собак серцево-судинної патології важливим є встановити ступінь розладів гемодинаміки, а також захворювання інших органів, що можуть бути вирішальними для перебігу та прогнозу (Tjostheim et al, 2019;Sarcinella et al, 2020). Відомо, що 10 % всіх тварин страждають патологіями серцево-судинної системи різного ступеня вираженості (Zhulikova, 2016;Varkholiak & Gutyj, 2020).…”

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The effect of bendamine on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the activity of the antioxidant defense system of blood in rats in experimental doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy

et al. 2020

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Experimental studies obtained in recent years indicate the urgency of developing drugs of complex action to prevent the development of cardiovascular disease in dogs. This requires a much deeper study of the pathogenesis of heart failure, including cardiomyopathy. The aim of the study was the effect of bendamine on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the activity of the antioxidant defense system of blood in rats in experimental doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. To reproduce heart failure in rats, an experimental model was used by intraperitoneal administration of doxorubicin at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg 3 times a week for two weeks. The study was performed on white sexually mature young male Wistar rats weighing 180–200 g, which were kept on the standard diet of the institute vivarium of the State Research Control Institute of Veterinary Drugs and Feed Additives. For the study, three groups of rats of 6 animals in each were formed: control group – intact animals; experimental group R1, in which animals were simulated doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by intraperitoneal administration of doxorubicin; experimental group R2, in which animals after injection of doxorubicin, intragastrically administered the drug “Bendamine” at a dose of 20 mg/kg. According to studies, doxorubicin intoxication in rats enhances LPO processes, as indicated by an increased content of lipid hydroperoxides by 47.4 %, diene conjugates – by 21.4 % and TBA-active products – by 24.9 % for animals of the control group. Doxorubicin cardiomyopathy in rats has a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the blood of animals. In particular, the activity of catalase decreases by 36.9 % (P ≤ 0.001), and the activity of SOD – by 20.3 % (P ≤ 0.001). In the study of the activity of the glutathione link of the antioxidant defense system, similar changes were found as in the study of the activity of catalase and SOD. The use of the drug “Bendamine” in the rats of the experimental group helped to inhibit the excessive formation of lipid peroxidation products and increase the activity of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic parts of the antioxidant system.

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Effects of intravenous administration of pimobendan on hemodynamic indices and indices of left atrial longitudinal strain derived from speckle-tracking echocardiography in healthy dogs

Miki¹,

Nakamura²,

Morita³

et al. 2021

ajvr

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OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of IV administration of pimobendan on hemodynamic indices and indices of left atrial (LA) longitudinal strain by speckle-tracking echocardiography in healthy dogs. ANIMALS 6 healthy Beagles. PROCEDURES After the dogs were anesthetized, the right heart was catheterized and 2-D conventional and speckle-tracking echocardiography were performed before and after IV administration of 0.15 mg of pimobendan/kg. Speckle-tracking echocardiography was performed to assess the 3 LA phasic functions through LA deformation (longitudinal strain and strain rate) and volumetric analyses. RESULTS Pimobendan significantly increased stroke volume and cardiac output and decreased systemic vascular resistance. Pimobendan significantly improved left ventricular function assessed by the Tei index and LA booster pump function assessed by LA longitudinal strain and change in fractional volume during atrial systole. Indices of LA reservoir and conduit function were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In healthy dogs, IV administration of pimobendan improved the indices of LA booster pump function but had no effect on the indices of LA reservoir and conduit functions. Further studies are needed to validate whether these results can be extrapolated to dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease.

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Effect of pimobendan on left atrial function in dogs with preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Acute Effects of Pimobendan on Cardiac Function in Dogs With Tachycardia Induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study

Acute Effects of Pimobendan on Cardiac Function in Dogs With Tachycardia Induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study

The effect of bendamine on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the activity of the antioxidant defense system of blood in rats in experimental doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy

Effects of intravenous administration of pimobendan on hemodynamic indices and indices of left atrial longitudinal strain derived from speckle-tracking echocardiography in healthy dogs

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