Effect of pine-tar bath on disease severity in moderate-to-severe childhood eczema: an investigator-blinded, crossover, randomized clinical trial

Ng, Wing Gi Gigi; Hon, Kam Lun; Kung, Jeng Sum Charmaine; Cheng, Nam Sze; Koh, Mark Jean‐Aan; Huang, Huaiqiu; Lee, Vivian; Leung, Ting Fan

doi:10.1080/09546634.2020.1732284

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…157 Pine tar bath oil treatment daily for 1 month followed by a month of rest and another month of therapy was found to significantly decrease SA colonization and SCORAD (p = 0.002 and 0.030, respectively) when compared to vehicle bath oil in an investigator-blind, crossover, RCT of 43 AD patients. 158 More recently, bacteriophages have been studied as therapeutic modalities due to their anti-SA characteristics. SaGU1 is a bacteriophage that can infect a broad range of SA isolated from the skin of AD patients, while not killing strains of S. epidermidis.…”

Section: Bacteriophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updated understanding of Staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis: From virulence factors to commensals and clonal complexes

Hwang

Thompson

Jaros

et al. 2021

Experimental Dermatology

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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory dermatosis with a pathogenesis believed to be due to a combination of genetic, immunologic and environmental factors that affects up to 5% of adults and 20% of children worldwide. 1,2 Common genetic factors include polymorphisms in the filaggrin structural protein, interleukin (IL)-4 receptor and vitamin D receptor. [3][4][5] AD is driven by multiple immune pathways, most commonly with activation of Th2 and Th22 T-cell subsets. 6 Crosstalk between commensals and the host immune system modulates adaptive and innate immune responses in AD. 7 Staphylococcus aureus (SA) in AD lesions and surrounding normal skin was first noted by Leyden et al. in the 1970s; since then, the understanding of its role in AD has drastically evolved. 8,9 SA is a well-established exacerbator of AD; it is frequently isolated from the skin of AD patients and increased SA density is found during flares. 10 A meta-analysis in 2016 reported a pooled prevalence of SA colonization among AD patients of 70% in lesional skin, 39% in non-lesional skin and 62% in the nose. 11 More recently, Kong et al 12 found that AD treatments and flares were closely associated with shifts in the cutaneous microbial diversity. While current evidence has established that SA proliferates during flares and plays a role in the cycle of epidermal breakdown and inflammation, a true causal relationship has not been established. Herein, we will summarize the

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Section: Bacteriophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updated understanding of Staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis: From virulence factors to commensals and clonal complexes

Hwang

Thompson

Jaros

et al. 2021

Experimental Dermatology

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“…Clinical improvement is associated with the reduction of IgE and skin S. aureus. 91,92 In parallel to western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, naturopathy, homeopathy, and many folklore treatments have been widely accepted by patients but many lack scientific evidence and have not been extensively studied. [93][94][95][96] Mismatch between parental expectations and treatment outcomes can hinder compliance and lead to treatment failure.…”

Section: Miscellaneousmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…H 1 and H 2 receptor antagonists have shown poor efficacy in reducing pruritis associated with AD. 91,92 Nevertheless, a recent meta-analysis of three studies showed that topical 4% sodium cromoglycate emulsion was effective in the management of AD in the pediatric https://doi.org/10.2147/JEP.S259299…”

Section: Topical Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical improvement is associated with the reduction of IgE and skin S. aureus. 91 , 92 …”

Section: Overview Of Therapies For Atopic Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…H 1 and H 2 receptor antagonists have shown poor efficacy in reducing pruritis associated with AD. 91 , 92 Nevertheless, a recent meta-analysis of three studies showed that topical 4% sodium cromoglycate emulsion was effective in the management of AD in the pediatric age group. 44 , 93 Meanwhile, H 4 receptor antagonist has recently been developed which may reduce histamine-induced itch and eczema severity.…”

Section: Experimental Drugs For Atopic Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Drugs with the Potential to Treat Atopic Eczema

Hon¹,

Chan²,

Leung

2021

JEP

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Introduction: Eczema or atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronically relapsing dermatosis characterized by pruritus and a significant impact on the quality of life. Methods: The authors undertook a structured search of peer-reviewed research articles from PubMed and Google Scholar. Recent and up-to-date studies relevant to the topic were included. Results: This report overviews current treatment and experimental drug for AD. Topical agents including topical phosphodiesterase E4 (PDE4) inhibitors such as crisaborole are efficacious in the treatment of AD with few side effects. Monoclonal antibodies such as dupilumab given subcutaneously are efficacious for more severe disease. Systemic treatment can ameliorate symptoms in severe and recalcitrant AD. New systemic treatment includes several traditional herbal formulations that have undergone clinical trials using modern research methodology to determine their efficacy and safety. AD is associated with many complicating psychosocial issues. Often suboptimal efficacy is due to unrealistic expectations and poor compliance making treatment difficult in spite of effective treatment and efforts in drug discovery. Randomized trials have shown that novel topical and subcutaneous medications are safe and efficacious. Regarding herbs, a methodology for the investigation of herbal medications is often flawed and scientific evidence is lacking. Experimental drugs include various biologics, PDE4 and JAK inhibitors in topical, oral, subcutaneous or intravenous forms are in various phases of trials. Conclusion: Many novel medications demonstrate efficacy for AD. Experimental drugs include various biologics, PDE4 and JAK inhibitors are in various phases of trials.

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Updated view of tars for psoriasis: what have we learned over the last decade?

et al. 2022

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Tars are one of the most effective, unknown, and oldest therapies for psoriasis. They include coal tar (CT) and biomass‐derived products. These treatments, particularly the CT, have proven to be cost‐effective with long remission times compared to other systemic or topical treatments. However, they have hardly evolved in recent years, as they are not well‐embraced by clinicians or patients because of concerns regarding cosmesis and safety. This review summarizes current knowledge about the chemical characterization, mechanism of action, toxicity, and clinical studies supporting the use of tars for psoriasis over the last decade. Trends within these above aspects are reviewed, and avenues of research are identified. CT is rich in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, whereas biomass‐derived tars are rich in phenols. While the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor is involved in the antipsoriatic effect of CT, the mechanism of action of biomass‐derived products remains to be elucidated. No conclusive evidence exists about the risk of cancer in psoriasis patients under CT treatment. Large, randomized, double‐blind, controlled clinical trials are necessary to promote the inclusion of tars as part of modern therapies for psoriasis.

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Effect of pine-tar bath on disease severity in moderate-to-severe childhood eczema: an investigator-blinded, crossover, randomized clinical trial

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Updated understanding of Staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis: From virulence factors to commensals and clonal complexes

Updated understanding of Staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis: From virulence factors to commensals and clonal complexes

Experimental Drugs with the Potential to Treat Atopic Eczema

Updated view of tars for psoriasis: what have we learned over the last decade?

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