Effect of plant-based carbon sources on denitrifying microorganisms in a vertical flow constructed wetland

Fu, Guiping; Huangshen, Linkun; Guo, Zhipeng; Zhou, Qiaohong; Wu, Zhenbin

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2016.11.007

Cited by 106 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Secondly, the CW was a mixed culture system, where nitrifying bacteria, autotrophic bacteria, and denitrifying bacteria coexisted. Therefore, nitrification, denitrification, and anaerobic ammonia oxidation might occur simultaneously [11]. In W2, the corn straw pretreated by alkali might release ammonia while providing a carbon source.…”

Section: Effects Of External Carbon Source and Hrt On Nitrogen Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, an additional carbon source is necessary for treating agricultural drainage water with a low C/N ratio. Studies have shown that traditional liquid carbon sources, including glucose, methanol, ethanol, starch, and sodium acetate, can be used to improve the efficiency of biological denitrification in CWs [11,12]. The liquid carbon source needs to be added continuously, which is high-cost and can easily cause secondary pollution [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Xu et al [19] and Li et al [20] also successfully drove denitrification using corncobs. In addition, corn straw, Arundo donax, and Pontederia cordata were also proven to be effective carbon sources [11,21]. However, few reports have been reported on the treatment of agricultural drainage water using corn straw as carbon source in CWs, as well as the influence of pretreatment methods on the carbon source release of corn straw.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corn Straw as a Solid Carbon Source for the Treatment of Agricultural Drainage Water in Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands

Wang

Kong

et al. 2018

Water

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Agricultural drainage water with a low C/N ratio restricts the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies of constructed wetlands. Thus, there is a need to add external carbon sources to drive the nitrogen and phosphorus removal. In this study, the effects of the addition of corn straw pretreated with different methods (acid treatment, alkali treatment, and comminution) on treating agricultural drainage water with a low C/N ratio were investigated in constructed wetlands. The results showed that soaking the corn straw in an alkaline solution was the most suitable pretreatment method according to the release rule of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the dissolution of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). The average removal efficiency of TN and TP in constructed wetlands increased respectively by 37.2% and 30.5% after adding corn straw, and by 17.1% and 11.7% after adding sodium acetate when the hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 3 days. As an external carbon source, straw was cheap, renewable, and available. In contrast, the sodium acetate demanded high costs in a long-term operation. Therefore, corn straw had a great advantage in treatment effect and cost, which improved the treatment efficiency of agricultural drainage water using a byproduct of agricultural production as a slow-release carbon source.

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Section: Effects Of External Carbon Source and Hrt On Nitrogen Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corn Straw as a Solid Carbon Source for the Treatment of Agricultural Drainage Water in Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands

Wang

Kong

et al. 2018

Water

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“…It is interesting to note that, apparently, the main function of the SZ is to allow the existence of this semi-saturated zone. Additionally, due to the vegetable nature of the corncob, moisture retention can promote more anaerobic zones for the growth of anaerobic and facultative microorganisms [43]. Furthermore, the removal of nitrate is also possible by means of aerobic denitrification in the FDZ of PS VF wetlands.…”

Section: Nitratementioning

confidence: 99%

Addition of Corn Cob in the Free Drainage Zone of Partially Saturated Vertical Wetlands Planted with I. sibirica for Total Nitrogen Removal—A Pilot-Scale Study

Toro

Tejeda

Zurita

2019

Water

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The aim of this 15-month study was to evaluate and compare two partially saturated (PS) vertical flow (VF) wetlands for total nitrogen (TN) removal. The PS VF wetlands, evaluated in duplicate, were added with corncob (CC) in two different heights of the free-drainage zone (FDZ). The FDZ had a height of 40 cm and the saturated zone (SZ) had a height of 30 cm. The configuration of the system I (SI) was a 20 cm-corncob bed above the SZ followed by a 20 cm-tezontle bed; in system II (SII) the order of the beds were inverted. The SZ was added with tezontle with a size of 1−2 cm. Weekly measurements of water quality parameters including oxygen demand (BOD 5 ), chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, total suspended solids (TSS), organic nitrogen (Org-N), ammonium (NH 4 + ), nitrate (NO 3 − ) and nitrite (NO 2 − ), were taken in the influent and effluents, and interfaces (nitrate and nitrite). Measurements of pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) were taken in the SZ. The addition of CC in the FDZ did not interfere with the capacity of the PS VF wetlands for BOD 5 , COD, TSS and true color removal, reaching mass removal efficiencies of 91.9% and 92.2%, 66.6% and 75%, 89.8% and 92%, 63.3% and 66.0%, for SI and SII, respectively; without significant difference between the systems (p > 0.05). The CC in the FDZ neither interfered with the PS VF wetlands nitrification capacity. The removal of TN was similar in SI and SII (p > 0.05), attaining average mass removal efficiencies of 68.2% and 66.0%, respectively. These efficiencies were not sufficiently high due to the limited denitrification process in the SZ as a result of the absence of biodegradable carbon, generated and consumed in the FDZ.

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“…Therefore, it is difficult to achieve satisfying TN removal in CW systems [ 8 ]. Although the addition of external liquid carbon sources, such as glucose, methanol, ethanol, starch, and sodium acetate, is a common method to alleviate the carbon deprivation and to improve the efficiency of biological denitrification in CWs [ 9 ], it is not sustainable, as the liquid carbon source needs to be added continuously, which is in high-cost. Therefore, seeking an easy operation, popularization, and low cost carbon source to enhance N removal are highly desirable in CW research and development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Nutrients Removal Using Reeds Straw as Carbon Source in a Laboratory Scale Constructed Wetland

Wang

Chang

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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The low carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio and high nitrate content characteristics of agricultural runoff restricted the nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands (CWs). To resolve such problems, the economically- and easily-obtained Phragmites Australis (reeds) litters were applied and packed in the surface layer of a surface flow CW as external carbon sources. The results demonstrated that the introduction of the reeds straw increased the C concentration as a result of their decomposition during the CW operation, which will help the denitrification in the ensuing operation of an entire 148 days. The total nitrogen (TN) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) () in the effluent reached the peak level of 63.2 mg/L and 83 mg/L at the fourth and the second day, respectively. Subsequently, the pollutants in the CW that were filled with straw decreased rapidly and achieved a stable removal after 13 days of operation. Moreover, the present study showed that the N removal efficiency increased with the increase of the hydraulic retention time (HRT). Under the HRT of four days, the CW presented 74.1 ± 6%, 87.4 ± 6% and 56.0 ± 6% removal for TN, NO3-, and TP, respectively.

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Effect of plant-based carbon sources on denitrifying microorganisms in a vertical flow constructed wetland

Cited by 106 publications

References 31 publications

Corn Straw as a Solid Carbon Source for the Treatment of Agricultural Drainage Water in Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands

Corn Straw as a Solid Carbon Source for the Treatment of Agricultural Drainage Water in Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands

Addition of Corn Cob in the Free Drainage Zone of Partially Saturated Vertical Wetlands Planted with I. sibirica for Total Nitrogen Removal—A Pilot-Scale Study

Enhanced Nutrients Removal Using Reeds Straw as Carbon Source in a Laboratory Scale Constructed Wetland

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