Effect of Plastic Mulch on Squash (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.): Germination, Root Distribution, and Soil Temperature under Trickle Irrigation in the Jordan Valley

Ghawi, I.; Battikhi, A. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-037x.1988.tb00319.x

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Black plastic mulch absorbs roughly 96% of the shortwave radiation (Ham et al, 1993), and this absorbed radiation warms the soil (Teasdale and Abdul-Baki, 1995). For transparent mulch, our results proved similar to those reported by Ghawi and Battikhi (1988), who also indicate that soil temperatures under transparent mulch are lower than under other mulches. These authors attribute the reduced soil temperature to a shading effect created by a more vigorous growth of the plants under transparent mulch.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of Soil Temperature on K and Ca Concentrations and on ATPase and Pyruvate Kinase Activity in Potato Roots

Ruiz¹,

Hernández²,

Castilla³

et al. 2002

HortSci

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) `Spunta' plants were grown with the root zone covered by different types of polyethylene plastic mulches. The plastic mulches used were transparent, white, co-extruded black and white, and black. As a control, plants were grown without plastic mulch. The parameters analyzed were soil temperature, root concentration of K and Ca, and enzymatic activities of ATPase and pyruvate kinase (PK), measured as basal and in the presence of K+ and Ca2+. The physical characteristics of the plastic mulches directly influenced soil and root temperatures in potato plants. In addition, the concentration of cations in the roots (particularly Ca2+) and basal ATPase activity were affected by soil temperature, whereas basal PK was not affected by soil temperature. The use of co-extruded black and white plastic mulch improved the nutritional status of Ca in the roots of potato plants. Finally, the basal ATPase and PK activities in the presence of K+ and Ca2+ were related with the root levels of these cations.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of Soil Temperature on K and Ca Concentrations and on ATPase and Pyruvate Kinase Activity in Potato Roots

Ruiz¹,

Hernández²,

Castilla³

et al. 2002

HortSci

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“…These results are consistent with previous studies on the Loess Plateau [8,22]. This result can be attributed to the different covering materials; the sole plastic mulch prevents water exchange between the air and soil, so the heat exchange and potential heat flux between soil and air are reduced [53], and it can capture solar energy and prevent solar heat loss as a result of reradiation from the soil surface to the surrounding air [54]. On the contrary, black plastic films can absorb most of the solar radiation [55] and decrease soil temperature more than transparent plastic films [22,56].…”

Section: Soil Hydrothermal Conditionssupporting

confidence: 92%

Optimized Farmland Mulching Improves Rainfed Maize Productivity by Regulating Soil Temperature and Phenology on the Loess Plateau in China

Zhang,

Xia,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Owing to global warming, continuously increasing the grain yield of rainfed maize is challenging on the Loess Plateau in China. Plastic film mulching has been extensively utilized in dryland agriculture on the Loess Plateau. However, higher topsoil temperatures under film mulch caused rainfed-maize premature senescence and yield loss. Here, we aimed to explore the influence of topsoil temperature driven by novel double mulching patterns on rainfed maize productivity based on the excellent moisture conservation function of plastic film. A maize field experiment was conducted in two different areas, namely Changwu, a typical semi-arid area, and Yangling, a dry semi-humid area. The experiment followed a randomized block design with three replications. Five flat-planting practices were examined in 2021 and 2022: (1) bare land (CK), (2) transparent film mulching (PFM), (3) black film mulching (BFM), (4) double mulching of PFM with a black polyethylene net (PFM + BN), and (5) double mulching of PFM with whole maize stalks (PFM + ST). Soil hydrothermal conditions, maize growth dynamics, grain yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and economic returns were quantified under different mulching practices. Under double mulching treatments, topsoil temperatures were lower than PFM by 1.7–2.0 °C at the two sites (p < 0.05), whereas BFM was slightly lower than that of PFM by 0.6–0.7 °C at Yangling (p > 0.05). The average growth period for maize under double mulching was longer than that under PFM by 8–11 days at the two sites. Double mulching treatments significantly improved the leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll relative content (SPAD), and aboveground biomass compared to CK and PFM during the late growth stage. Compared with PFM, average grain yield increased by 14.93%, 18.46%, and 16.45% in Changwu (p < 0.05) under BFM, PFM + BN, and PFM + ST, respectively, and by 2.71%, 24.55%, and 20.38% in Yangling. The corresponding WUEs also increased. Additionally, net income under BFM was higher than that under other treatments, and there were no significant (p > 0.05) differences between PFM + ST and BFM in Changwu. However, PFM + ST in net income averaged 10.72–52.22% higher than other treatments, and its output value was 19.51% higher in Yangling. In summary, smallholder farmers can adopt PFM + ST to improve rainfed-maize productivity in the Loess Plateau in China.

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“…This was likely because NM practice had more soil covered and the plastic prevents the exchange of water between the soil and the atmosphere; therefore, the latent heat flux and heat exchange between the soil and the atmosphere are decreased (Zhao et al, 2017). Also, these are because NM practice can intercept solar energy and prevent heat loss as reradiation from the soil surface to the surrounding atmosphere (Ghawi and Battikhi, 2010). These findings have been validated in this research, as CM produced the highest soil temperature while NM produced the lowest soil temperature detected in 3 years.…”

Section: Plastic Mulched Management Optimized Soil Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Also, conventional tillage with annual new plastic mulch (CM) had a significant effect on increasing and decreasing rapidly soil temperature, with the increase or decrease of air temperature (Yin et al, 2016). This was because plastic covers the soils and blocks the passage of gas and water into the surrounding atmosphere, and the gap between the soil surface and the plastic can collect water and gas (Wu et al, 1996;Ghawi and Battikhi, 2010). However, for the no tillage with plastic re-mulching practice (NM), the integrity of plastic mulch was maintained at about 70%; thus, soil temperature of NM had a relatively small fluctuation with the change of air temperature, as compared with CM.…”

Section: Plastic Mulched Management Optimized Soil Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

No Tillage With Plastic Re-mulching Maintains High Maize Productivity via Regulating Hydrothermal Effects in an Arid Region

et al. 2021

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Plastic is a valuable mulching measure for increasing crop productivity in arid environments; however, little is known about the main mechanism by which this valuable technology actuates spatial–temporal changes in soil hydrothermal effect. So a 3-year field experiment was conducted to optimize soil hydrothermal effect of maize field with three plastic mulched management treatments: (1) no tillage with plastic re-mulching (NM), (2) reduced tillage with plastic mulching (RM), and (3) conventional tillage with annual new plastic mulching (CM). The results showed that NM treatment increased soil water content by 6.6–8.4% from maize sowing to seedling stage, than did CM, and it created a good soil moisture environment for sowing of maize. Also, NM had greater soil water content by 4.8–5.6% from maize silking to early-filling stage than had CM, and it made up for the abundant demand of soil moisture for the vigorous growth of maize filling stage. The NM treatment increased water consumption (WC) before maize big-flare stage, decreased WC from big-flare to early-filling stage, and increased WC after early-filling stage. So NM treatment effectively coordinated water demand contradiction of maize at entire growing season. NM decreased soil accumulated temperature (SAT) by 7.0–13.0% at maize sowing to early-filling stage than did CM, but NM had little influence on the SAT during filling stage. In particular, the treatment on NM had smaller absolute values of air–soil temperature differences than RM and CM treatments during maize filling stage, indicating that NM treatment maintains the relative stability of soil temperature for ensuring grain filling of maize. The NM treatment allowed the maize to grow in a suitable hydrothermal status and still maintained high yield. In addition, NM treatment obtained higher net income and rate of return by 6.4–11.0% and 44.1–54.5%, respectively, than did CM, because NM treatment mainly decreased the input costs for plastic and machine operations. Therefore, the NM treatment can be recommended as a promising technique to overcome simultaneous heat stress and water shortage in arid environments.

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Effect of Plastic Mulch on Squash (Cucurbita pepo L.): Germination, Root Distribution, and Soil Temperature under Trickle Irrigation in the Jordan Valley

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of Soil Temperature on K and Ca Concentrations and on ATPase and Pyruvate Kinase Activity in Potato Roots

Effect of Soil Temperature on K and Ca Concentrations and on ATPase and Pyruvate Kinase Activity in Potato Roots

Optimized Farmland Mulching Improves Rainfed Maize Productivity by Regulating Soil Temperature and Phenology on the Loess Plateau in China

No Tillage With Plastic Re-mulching Maintains High Maize Productivity via Regulating Hydrothermal Effects in an Arid Region

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