Effect of plenum chamber obstructions on data center performance

Fulpagare, Yogesh; Mahamuni, Gaurav; Bhargav, Atul

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.01.065

Cited by 54 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The focus has been on improving thermal performance by maximizing cold capacity and preventing cold leakage and consumption. However, there has been no investigation into the effect of installing deflectors and fan floors, as noted in the cited sources [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. This paper focuses on improving the thermal performance of a data center by means of these two methods to increase airflow at the front end, balancing the airflow between the front-end cabinets and the back-end cabinets to achieve a uniform temperature distribution.…”

Section: Fan Floormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…et al [6] studied the impact of closed hot and cold aisles and different air-conditioning placements on the thermal environment and air distribution of a data room and showed that the optimization effect of closed hot aisles was better than that of closed cold aisles. Fulpagare, Y. et al [7] investigated the impact of obstacles under the air-supply floor on the cooling performance of a server room through CFD simulation. They found that obstacles such as ducts under the floor can impede airflow by up to 80%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving Thermal Performance in Data Centers Based on Numerical Simulations

Guo,

Zhao,

Gao

et al. 2024

Buildings

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(1) Background: With the rapid development of cloud computing, large AI models, and other emerging technologies, the issue of heat dissipation in data centers has become increasingly prominent. This issue is often caused by inappropriate temperature distribution when using cold air to cool servers. Improving temperature distribution is key to optimizing the thermal performance of data centers. Previous solutions do not include installing adjustable underfloor deflectors under a raised floor while adjusting the aperture ratio of the floor grille and replacing the side of the floor grille located near the air-conditioning unit with a fan floor. (2) Methods: A 3D model of a data center was established, and its meshing and boundary conditions were set. The airflow inside the data center was analyzed using a CFD simulation to assess the temperature distribution resulting from two proposed solutions. (3) Results: Simulations and analyses showed that both options balanced the airflow close to and away from the conditioned side cabinets. This maximized the cooling capacity and improved temperature uniformity. The maximum temperature drop registered for the average cabinet’s out temperature was 2.81 °C. And by installing an adjustable underfloor deflector under the floor grille in rows O and N and adjusting the grille opening, the airflow to the cabinet near the air-conditioned side increased by 18.1%, and the airflow away from the air-conditioned side decreased by 5.1%. Similarly, replacing the Q-row floor grille with a fan floor resulted in a 4.9% increase in airflow to the cabinet near the air-conditioning side and a 3.8% decrease in airflow to the cabinet away from the air-conditioning side. (4) Conclusions: Airflow is a crucial factor that affects cabinet temperature. And balancing airflow between the front-end and rear-end cabinets is essential to make the best use of the cooling capacity and improve temperature distribution within data-center cabinets. This can be achieved by installing a fan floor and an underfloor deflector device in front of high-temperature cabinets located near air-conditioning units.

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Section: Fan Floormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Thermal Performance in Data Centers Based on Numerical Simulations

Guo,

Zhao,

Gao

et al. 2024

Buildings

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“…The flow rate increases with the augmentation of pressure difference. 25,26 The suitable and uniform pressure difference is the precondition to meet the cold air supply for cabinets. Figure 19 describes the airflow distribution of each porous tiles (1#-11#) in the cold aisles.…”

Section: Tile Exit Flow Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the lower space, the structure parameters of plenum, such as the plenum height, [18][19][20][21][22] floor perforation rate, 18,23,24 the layout of cables and pipes 23,25,26 and the adoption of new structures 22,27,28 in the plenum are widely investigated. Schmid 23 and Fakhim 26 studied the effect of the layout of cables and pipes in the plenum on airflow from the perforated tiles, the results indicated that reasonable layout effectively enhanced the uniformity of airflow exiting from perforated tiles and reduced the rack inlet temperatures significantly.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization on jet‐induced ventilation to enhance the uniformity of airflow distribution in data center

Zhang

Niu

Zhang

et al. 2021

Energy Science & Engineering

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Data centers (DCs) are expensive and energy-intensive computing structures that house an enormous number of information technology (IT) equipment and relevant supporting systems. With the rapid development of computer technology in network information age, the number and scale of DC are growing continuously, the problem of high energy consumption is becoming increasingly prominent. 1 The energy consumption of DC has accounted for 2% of the total generation capacity of the United States and is growing by about 12% every year. 2 Therefore, it is urgent to take various measures to reduce the energy expenses required for DC. To keep the severs operating safely and prevent them from overheating, 3,4 cooling system is indispensable and the cooling power takes up about

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“…Wang et al [3] studied the law of static pressure distribution in plenum chamber without barriers using the model experiment method. Fulpagare et al [4] investigated the effect of obstructions on the flow rate of a plenum chamber.And it showed that the placement of obstacles in the plenum chamber was an important factor in the performance of the air conditioning. Nada et al [5] investigated the effect of the depth of the plenum chamber on the air flow characteristics and thermal performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on spatial local resistance characteristics in a plenum space for an exhaust fan room

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2022

E3S Web Conf.

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The local resistance loss is of great importance to the structural design of the exhaust room and the selection of fan equipment. In this study, the resistance characteristics of isotropic multi-inlet and single-outlet plenum spaces are investigated using numerical simulations. Orthogonal experiment method was used to determine the key influencing factors. An empirical formula for the local resistance loss law was proposed and the internal flow characteristics of the plenum space were analysed. Results show that the fan interaction rate is an important factor for the drag loss and that the vortex zone is closely related to the magnitude of the local drag loss. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the structural design of the plenum space and the selection of fan equipment.

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Effect of plenum chamber obstructions on data center performance

Cited by 54 publications

References 15 publications

Improving Thermal Performance in Data Centers Based on Numerical Simulations

Improving Thermal Performance in Data Centers Based on Numerical Simulations

Optimization on jet‐induced ventilation to enhance the uniformity of airflow distribution in data center

Research on spatial local resistance characteristics in a plenum space for an exhaust fan room

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