Effect of policosanol on platelet aggregation and serum levels of arachidonic acid metabolites in healthy volunteers

Carbajal, Daisy; Arruzazabala, M.L.; Valdés, S.; Más, Rosa

doi:10.1016/s0952-3278(98)90130-2

Cited by 63 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…(256) ); mental health (966,967) ; osmotic demyelination syndrome (968) ; volume regulation during persistent osmotic stress (969) ; cancer (686) ; diabetic polyneuropathy and nerve conduction (970) ; intestinal lipodystrophy (963) Policosanol: Octacosanol in human health (302) ; CVD (304) ; lipid, cholesterol and LDL (303,306,971 -973) ; cholesterol biosynthesis and LDL catabolism (973) ; hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMGCoA) reductase (974) ; LDL peroxidation (307) ; membrane lipid peroxidation (975) ; lipid metabolism (301) ; platelet aggregation and thromboxane generation, endothelial damage and foam cell formation (976,977) ; cytoprotection in gastric ulcer (978) ; athletic performances (979) ; cardiac events, and cholesterol and anti-aggregatory effects (cited in Taylor et al (302) ); smooth muscle cell proliferation (980) ; anti-fatigue drug (302) Melatonin (981) : Mood, happiness, sleep and brain neuromodulation in Alzheimer's disease (309,310) ; antioxidant (982,983) ; corticoid receptor (984) ; scavenger of hydroxyl radicals (985) ; brain GSH peroxidase activity (986) ; gene expression for antioxidant enzyme (987) ; sleep -wake regulation (309,988) ; DNA damage (989) ; lifespan (990) ; oncostatic role and antiproliferative effect (311,312) ; cancers (991) para-Aminobenzoic acid (PABA): Acetylation in blood and other tissues (315,…”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

New hypotheses for the health-protective mechanisms of whole-grain cereals: what is beyond fibre?

2010

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Epidemiological studies have clearly shown that whole-grain cereals can protect against obesity, diabetes, CVD and cancers. The specific effects of food structure (increased satiety, reduced transit time and glycaemic response), fibre (improved faecal bulking and satiety, viscosity and SCFA production, and/or reduced glycaemic response) and Mg (better glycaemic homeostasis through increased insulin secretion), together with the antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic properties of numerous bioactive compounds, especially those in the bran and germ (minerals, trace elements, vitamins, carotenoids, polyphenols and alkylresorcinols), are today well-recognised mechanisms in this protection. Recent findings, the exhaustive listing of bioactive compounds found in whole-grain wheat, their content in whole-grain, bran and germ fractions and their estimated bioavailability, have led to new hypotheses. The involvement of polyphenols in cell signalling and gene regulation, and of sulfur compounds, lignin and phytic acid should be considered in antioxidant protection. Whole-grain wheat is also a rich source of methyl donors and lipotropes (methionine, betaine, choline, inositol and folates) that may be involved in cardiovascular and/or hepatic protection, lipid metabolism and DNA methylation. Potential protective effects of bound phenolic acids within the colon, of the B-complex vitamins on the nervous system and mental health, of oligosaccharides as prebiotics, of compounds associated with skeleton health, and of other compounds such as a-linolenic acid, policosanol, melatonin, phytosterols and para-aminobenzoic acid also deserve to be studied in more depth. Finally, benefits of nutrigenomics to study complex physiological effects of the 'whole-grain package', and the most promising ways for improving the nutritional quality of cereal products are discussed. Whole-grain wheat: Bioactive compounds: Physiological mechanisms: Health IntroductionThere is growing evidence that whole-grain cereal products protect against the development of chronic diseases. The most important of these in terms of public health are obesity (1,2) , the metabolic syndrome (3,4) , type 2 diabetes (5,6) , CVD (7) and cancers (8 -12) . Whole-grain cereal consumption has also been shown to be protective against mortality, as was shown with inflammation-related death (i.e. noncardiovascular and non-cancer inflammatory diseases such as, for example, respiratory system diseases) (13) and with cancer and CVD (4,14,15) . These conclusions are supported by the effects of consuming refined cereal products (bread, pasta and rice), as these have been associated with an increased risk of digestive tract, pharynx, larynx and thyroid cancers in northern Italians (16) . However, an association between a lower risk of developing a chronic disease and a high whole-grain cereal consumption does not mean a direct causal relationship and provides no information about the physiological mechanisms involved.These metabolic diseases are related to our daily lifestyle, no...

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Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

New hypotheses for the health-protective mechanisms of whole-grain cereals: what is beyond fibre?

2010

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“…Numerous beneficial effects have been attributed to policosanol, such as enhancing lowdensity lipoprotein decatabolism and reducing cholesterol levels by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis [28,29]. In addition, it has been shown to decrease endothelial damage, platelet aggregation and the development of foam cells [30,31]. The content of triterpenic alcohols ( [23].…”

Section: Aliphatic and Triterpenic Alcohol Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein, Lipid, Aliphatic and Triterpenic Alcohol Content of Caper Seeds “Capparis spinosa”

Tlili

Guizani

Nasri

et al. 2010

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Capparis spinosa has a large natural distribution over the Mediterranean basin. It is used in traditional medicines, and it is one of the most commonly found aromatics in the Mediterranean kitchen. In this paper, the total storage protein and lipids of Tunisian Capparis spinosa seeds were investigated, and the quantities were ca. 27% and ca. 33%, respectively. In this study also the composition of the aliphatic and triterpenic alcohols of C. spinosa was characterized for the first time. Aliphatic alcohol contents were ca. 45 mg kg -1 of total extracted lipids. Three compounds were identified, hexadecanol, octadecanol and tetracosanol, of which octadecanol was the major compound (ca. 28 mg kg -1 ). Triterpenic alcohol content was 396.82 mg kg -1 . Citrostadienol was the major compound (ca. 170 mg kg -1 ). b-Amyrin, gramisterol, cycloartanol and 2,4 methylcycloartenol were also detected and identified.

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“…Aspirin (AS) remains the gold standard of antiplatelet therapy for stroke prevention, whereas extended release dypiridamole + AS has yielded the best results among combination therapy schemes [5][6][7][8]. Policosanol, a mixture of 8 high molecular weight sugarcane wax alcohols, has reduced platelet aggregation in experimental and clinical studies [9][10][11][12][13]. Also, policosanol has shown protective effects in experimental brain ischemia models, and to increase the antiplatelet/antithrombotic effects of AS [14,15], and long-term administered prevented the progression of carotid-vertebral atherosclerosis in humans [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of policosanol on the recovery of ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled study

Sánchez¹

2012

iosrphr

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Background. Antiplatelet therapy lowers the risk of recurrent stroke. Policosanol, a mixture of 8 high molecular weight sugar cane wax alcohols, has shown to reduce platelet aggregation. Objectives. To investigate whether the therapy with policosanol plus aspirin (AS) could improve the neurological outcome as compared to placebo + AS in patients with a recent ischemic stroke. Methods. Ninety-two (92) patients with a modified Rankin Scale score (mRSs) ≥2 -≤4 after suffering an ischemic stroke within 30 days before enrollment were randomized to placebo or policosanol (20 mg/day) + AS (125 mg/day) (pla + AS or poli + AS) for 24 weeks. The primary efficacy variable was to obtain a better stroke outcome (mRSs ≤1) as compared to pla +AS. Reduction of platelet aggregation was a secondary variable. Results. After 12 and 24 weeks on therapy, the rates of patients treated with poli + AS (10/46, 21.7% and 32/46, 69.6%, respectively) who achieved mRSs ≤1 were significantly (p0.01 and p0.0001, respectively) greater than those treated with pla + AS (0/46, 0.0% and 7/46, 15.2%, respectively). Poli + AS treatment given for 6 weeks reduced significantly (p0.00001 vs baseline, p0.01 vs pla + AS) the mean mRSs value (24.1%), and this effect improved thereafter, so that it was reduced by 31.0% and 55.2% after 12 and 24 weeks on therapy, respectively. Poli + AS treatment also reduced significantly arachidonic acid-and adenosine diphosphateinduced platelet aggregation by 41.0% and 24.8%, respectively. Treatments were well tolerated. There were not withdrawals due to adverse experiences. Conclusions. In patients with recent ischemic stroke, poli + AS treatment improved the neurological recovery and decreased platelet aggregation as compared to pla + AS.

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Effect of policosanol on platelet aggregation and serum levels of arachidonic acid metabolites in healthy volunteers

Cited by 63 publications

References 11 publications

New hypotheses for the health-protective mechanisms of whole-grain cereals: what is beyond fibre?

New hypotheses for the health-protective mechanisms of whole-grain cereals: what is beyond fibre?

Protein, Lipid, Aliphatic and Triterpenic Alcohol Content of Caper Seeds “Capparis spinosa”

Effects of policosanol on the recovery of ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled study

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