Effect of Polymer Structure on Precursor Diffusion and Particle Formation in Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites

Zeng, Fan W.; Zhang, Dajie; Spicer, James B.

doi:10.1007/s10904-018-0843-6

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In this case, the growth of nanoparticles should be limited by the diffusion of the chemical precursor onto the surfaces of the nanoparticles. When the temperature is above the glass transition temperature ( T g ) of the PFA matrix (∼363 K), the polymer chain mobility is sufficiently high to facilitate the diffusion of the precursor; below T g , diffusion of the precursor is likely hindered by the rigid polymer chains . For laser processing of Pd(acac) 2 –Pd–PFA at room temperature, the irradiated region is expected to have a temperature near 428 K. While this temperature cannot effectively cause thermal decomposition of the precursor, the diffusion of the precursor increases and, as a result, the precursor has an enhanced probability to adsorb on the nanoparticles and subsequently undergo photocatalytic decomposition reactions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to accelerate the process, the background temperature was increased by placing the reaction vessel in a custom-made oven equipped with an optical window that allowed for laser processing. Increasing the background temperature presumably accelerates precursor decomposition and subsequent particle modification processes because polymer chain mobility as well as precursor diffusivity increase with temperature 42 the time needed for the precursor molecules to diffuse into the precursor depletion zone would be reduced. 19 Also, it should be noted that direct measurement of the local temperature of the nanocomposites could not be performed during laser processing owing to the experiment setupPd(acac) 2 −Pd−PFA was enclosed in a reaction vessel and an oven.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser-Induced Precursor Decomposition for Nanoparticle Modification in Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites

2019

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This work investigates processes involved in the modification of palladium nanoparticles in polymer matrix nanocomposites (PMNCs) using continuous wave laser irradiation. Optical excitation of PMNCs containing palladium nanoparticles and palladium precursors resulted in localized decomposition of the palladium precursor and subsequent particle modification as well as particle formation. The photoinduced chemical reactions were performed under vacuum and at various background temperatures. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the particle size and number density increased as the photoprocessing time increased, and the particle formation and growth rates increased as the background temperature increased. Calculations of temperature rise based on photothermal particle heating suggest that the temperature increase facilitates the diffusion of the precursor as well as precursor decomposition. Photocatalytic interactions between particles and the precursor as well as between particles and the polymer were also considered because palladium is a well-known catalyst. The results here demonstrated the possibility of creating patterned nanocomposites with spatially varying properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Induced Precursor Decomposition for Nanoparticle Modification in Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites

2019

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Palladium nanoparticle formation processes in fluoropolymers by thermal decomposition of organometallic precursors

Zeng

Zhang

Spicer

2018

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Palladium nanoparticles were synthesized directly in solid fluoropolymer films by thermal decomposition of a palladium acetylacetonate precursor molecularly infused in the fluoropolymer matrix. This chemical infusion synthesis technique was studied using transmission electron microscopy along with selective area electron diffraction to gain insight into the nucleation and growth of palladium nanoparticles. Formation of palladium nanoparticles can be correlated with defects in the polymer matrix as well as their associated free volume such that a relationship between average particle size and mean free volume fraction can be constructed. At low processing temperatures, the average particle radius increases monotonically with the processing time but more complicated variations occur for longer times. The growth of nanoparticles was interpreted using a modified diffusion-limited growth model. While nearly monodisperse nanoparticles dispersed throughout the polymer volume were obtained at low processing temperatures, surface percolation of nanoparticles was observed at relatively high temperatures owing to high precursor decomposition and diffusion rates.

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Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites as Photoacoustic Transmitters for Epiretinal Prosthetics

Spicer,

Kang,

Patterson

et al. 2023

2023 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Nanotechnology (NANO)

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Effect of Polymer Structure on Precursor Diffusion and Particle Formation in Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites

Cited by 4 publications

References 52 publications

Laser-Induced Precursor Decomposition for Nanoparticle Modification in Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites

Laser-Induced Precursor Decomposition for Nanoparticle Modification in Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites

Palladium nanoparticle formation processes in fluoropolymers by thermal decomposition of organometallic precursors

Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites as Photoacoustic Transmitters for Epiretinal Prosthetics

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