Effect of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Their Metabolites on Bleomycin-Induced Cytotoxic Action on Human Neuroblastoma Cells In Vitro

Polavarapu, Sailaja; Mani, Arul M.; Gundala, Naveen K.V.; Hari, Anasuya D.; Bathina, Siresha; Das, Undurti N.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0114766

Cited by 33 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Cytotoxic action of PUFAs may be associated with decrease in the production of pro-inflammatory PGE 2 and LTB 4 , COX-2, mPGES and ALOX5 expression and enhanced formation of anti-inflammatory LXA 4 ( Table 2 ). These results are supported by our recent data that showed that lipoxins, resolvins and protectins have a direct growth inhibitory action on tumor cells [ 45 , 46 ]. One important question that arises when only in vitro studies are performed is how relevant are these test tube results in an in vivo situation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…It is likely that enhanced LXA 4 production outweighs the changes in PGE 2 levels such that ultimately inflammatory process is suppressed. Since LXA 4 inhibited the growth of LoVo and RKO tumor cells [ 29 , 46 ], enhanced the production of LXA 4 on supplementation of AA, EPA and DHA and other PUFAs, it is likely that augmented formation of LXA 4 (in addition to decreased formation of PGE 2 and LTB 4 ) could be responsible for the decreased growth of LoVo and RKO cells noted in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

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Growth Inhibitory Effect of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) on Colon Cancer Cells via Their Growth Inhibitory Metabolites and Fatty Acid Composition Changes

Zhang

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundColorectal cancer is common. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) exert growth-inhibitory and pro-apoptotic effects on colon cancer cells. Metabolites of PUFAs such as prostaglandins (PGs), leukotrienes (LTs) and lipoxins (LXs) play a significant role in colon cancer.MethodsHuman colon cancer LoVo and RKO cells were cultured with different concentration of PUFAs and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in vitro. Cell morphological changes, fatty acid composition, formation of PGE2, LTB4 and LXA4 and expression of COX-2, ALOX5, PGD synthase (PGDS), microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES) were assessed in LoVo and RKO cells when supplemented with PUFAs and 5-FU.ResultsPUFAs and 5-FU inhibited growth of LoVo and RKO cells to the same extent at the doses used and produced significant alterations in their shape. As expected, higher concentrations of supplemented PUFAs were noted in the cells compared to control. LA, GLA, AA, ALA and EPA supplementation to LoVo cells suppressed production of PGE2, LTB4,and ALOX5, mPGES expression, but enhanced that of LXA4; whereas DHA enhanced PGE2 and LXA4 synthesis but decreased LTB4 formation and COX-2, ALOX5, mPGES expression. In contrast, 5-FU enhanced formation of PGE2, LTB4 and mPGES expression, but suppressed LXA4 synthesis and COX-2 expression. PGE2, LTB4 synthesis and ALOX5 expression was suppressed by LA, GLA, ALA and DHA; whereas AA, EPA and 5-FU enhanced PGE2 but paradoxically AA decreased and EPA and 5-FU enhanced LTB4 synthesis in RKO cells. All the PUFAs tested enhanced, while 5-FU decreased LXA4 formation in RKO cells; whereas GLA, AA, and 5-FU augmented while LA, ALA, EPA and DHA enhanced COX-2 expression in RKO cells.ConclusionsTumoricidal action of PUFAs on colorectal LoVo and RKO cancer cells in vitro was associated with increased formation of LXA4, decreased synthesis of PGE2 and LTB4 and suppressed expression of COX-2, ALOX5, mPGES, whereas 5-FU produced contrasting actions on these indices.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Growth Inhibitory Effect of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) on Colon Cancer Cells via Their Growth Inhibitory Metabolites and Fatty Acid Composition Changes

Zhang

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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“…The addition of EPA, DHA and α-linoleic acid has been shown to decrease proliferation in neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells in a study investigating the effect of eicosanoids, such as lipoxin A4, prostaglandin and leukotriene, on IMR-32 cells (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of PC3 human prostate cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration by eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The n-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), found in fish oil, exert a number of beneficial effects, and they are used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. In recent years, EPA and DHA have been found to affect cancer cell proliferation. In the present study, PC3 cells, which are androgen-independent prostate cancer cells that resemble castration-resistant prostate cancer cells, were used to investigate a possible novel treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer. The PC3 cells were cultured and incubated with various concentrations of EPA or DHA. Cancer proliferation was confirmed by trypan blue microscopy. Invasion and migration assays were used in the upper chamber in PC3 cells, and serum-free medium and various concentrations of EPA or DHA were placed in the lower chamber in serum-containing medium. EPA and DHA decreased PC3 cell proliferation, invasion and migration. The effect of EPA on PC3 cells was dose-dependent and significant differences were observed at concentrations of 100 and 200 µg/ml. The effect of DHA on PC3 cells was similar to that of EPA. In the migration assay, EPA exerted almost no effects at 25 µg/ml, but migration was reduced at 50 µg/ml. Similar to EPA, DHA exerted almost no effects at 25 µg/ml, but further reduction was observed at the 50 µg/ml concentration. In the invasion assay, EPA at 25 µg/ml was not significantly different from the control, but suppressed invasion at 50 µg/ml. DHA decreased invasion compared with the control at 25 µg/ml, whereas invasion was significantly reduced at a DHA concentration of 50 µg/ml. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that EPA and DHA were effective in decreasing the proliferation, invasion and migration of prostate PC3 cancer cells. However, the detailed underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. IntroductionEicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are n-3 fatty acids that have several beneficial effects, including decreasing the plasma triglyceride concentration, lipoprotein metabolism (1,2), inhibiting platelet aggregation by collagen (3), and improving the reduced elasticity of the arterial walls through the endothelium-dependent relaxation response in rabbits (4). For these reasons, DHA and EPA are clinically used in Japan. In recent years, n-3 fatty acids have been shown to decrease the proliferation of cancer cells in colon, breast and liver cancer, as well as neuroblastoma. In addition, n-3 fatty acids may be used in cancer cachexia; the combination of chemotherapy and n-3 fatty acids was helpful in the curative as well as the palliative clinical setting (5), but a systematic review did not evaluate the balance of their cost-effectiveness against their utility (6). A number of studies have investigated cancer cell growth; however, only a limited number of studies have examined invasion and metastasis in prostate cancer, which exhibits an increasing prevalence. In the present study, the PC3 prostate cancer cell line was used, which is an androgen-independen...

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“…Plasma collected from animals (as mentioned above) was used for the estimation of antioxi-dant enzymes: catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase as described previously [19]. Lipid peroxides as malondialdehyde (MDA) formed on reaction with thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and nitric oxide (NO) measured as nitrite formed using Griess reagent were both estimated in the supernatant as described previously [19].…”

Section: Analysis Of Antioxidant Enzymes Lipid Peroxides and Nitric mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-resolution mediators by γ-linolenic acid: an important element in radioprotection against ionizing radiation

Poorani

Bhatt

Das³

2020

aoms

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The current study explored the radio-protective property of g-linolenic acid (GLA) in C57BL/6J mice against low linear energy transfer ionizing radiation (IR; X-rays) and its modulatory effect on the production of lipid mediators such as prostaglandin E 2 (PGE2), leukotriene E 4 and lipoxin A 4 (LXA4) in mice plasma. The effect of GLA pre-treatment on radiation induced inflammation was assessed by estimating plasma levels of high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), TMOP/NO and various anti-oxidant enzymes. g-linolenic acid pre-treated mice exposed to lethal IR dose (7.5 Gy) showed a decrease in plasma levels of HMGB1, PGE2 and LXA4 and a fall in TMOP/NO ratio and improvement in anti-oxidant enzymes: catalase, glutathione transferase and glutathione peroxidase compared to IR mice, suggesting that GLA suppresses IR-induced inflammation and restores the pro-vs. anti-oxidant ratio to near normal, which could explain its radioprotective action.

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Effect of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Their Metabolites on Bleomycin-Induced Cytotoxic Action on Human Neuroblastoma Cells In Vitro

Cited by 33 publications

References 62 publications

Growth Inhibitory Effect of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) on Colon Cancer Cells via Their Growth Inhibitory Metabolites and Fatty Acid Composition Changes

Growth Inhibitory Effect of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) on Colon Cancer Cells via Their Growth Inhibitory Metabolites and Fatty Acid Composition Changes

Inhibition of PC3 human prostate cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration by eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid

Modulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-resolution mediators by γ-linolenic acid: an important element in radioprotection against ionizing radiation

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