Effect of polyunsaturated isocaloric fat diets on plasma lipids, apolipoproteins and fatty acids

Blaton, V.; Buyzere, Marc De; Declercq, B; Pracetyo, A; Vanderkelen, G; Delanghe, Joris; Spincemaille, J.

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(84)90100-x

Cited by 40 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The modest changes tested here resulted in smaller effects: shifting from a dietary fat P/S of 0.3 to 1.8 resulted in a 5.5% mean reduction in total plasma cholesterol levels; a significant reduction in plasma cholesterol levels occurred in 7 of the 25 patients studied. Similar variability in plasma cholesterol responses to modest shifts in fat quality have been reported (39,67,(75)(76)(77)(78)(79). A recent report indicated that dietary beef fat (P/S 0.05) did not elevate plasma cholesterol levels as much as coconut oil (P/S 0.05), and was comparable with plasma levels on safflower oil (P/S 10.2) (79).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Heterogeneity of cholesterol homeostasis in man. Response to changes in dietary fat quality and cholesterol quantity.

McNamara¹,

Kolb²,

Parker³

et al. 1987

J. Clin. Invest.

282

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Studies were carried out to examine the effects of dietary fat and cholesterol on cholesterol homeostasis in man. 75 12-wk studies were carried out during intake of 35% of calories as either saturated or polyunsaturated fat, first low and then high in dietary cholesterol. Dietary fat and cholesterol intakes, plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels, cholesterol absorption and sterol synthesis in isolated blood mononuclear leukocytes were measured during each diet period. In 69% of the studies the subjects compensated for the increased cholesterol intake by decreasing cholesterol fractional absorption and/or endogenous cholesterol synthesis. When an increase in plasma cholesterol levels was observed there was a failure to suppress endogenous cholesterol synthesis. Plasma cholesterol levels were more sensitive to dietary fat quality than to cholesterol quantity.The results demonstrate that the responses to dietary cholesterol and fat are highly individualized and that most individuals have effective feedback control mechanisms.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Heterogeneity of cholesterol homeostasis in man. Response to changes in dietary fat quality and cholesterol quantity.

McNamara¹,

Kolb²,

Parker³

et al. 1987

J. Clin. Invest.

282

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“…The results indicate that advice on moderate changes in the diet did not lead to significant changes of serum apolipoprotein B levels of our patients, aU of whom were weight stable. This is in agreement with a study in which these levels were not changed in hypercholesterolemic patients when an isocaloric diet with a ratio of polyunsaturated-to-saturated fat (P/S), which was increased from 0.35 to 1.38, was given (23). When the P/S ratio was elevated to more extreme levels (from 0.23 to 2.82) in another study, however, the serum apolipoprotein B concentrations were lowered by 23% (24).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of Nicotinic Acid on Concentrations of Serum Apolipoproteins B, C‐I, C‐II, C‐III and E in Hyperlipidemic Patients

Wahlberg

Holmquist

Walldius

et al. 1988

Journal of Internal Medicine

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Abstract. Twenty‐four patients with Type IIa, IIb, III and IV hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) were treated with 4 g of nicotinic acid daily with the purpose to study its effect on serum apolipoprotein B, C‐I, C‐II, C‐III and E concentrations. Triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations of whole serum and of different serum lipoprotein fractions were also determined. Analyses were performed prior to and after a drug treatment period of 6 weeks, during which all the patients were weight stable. Treatment caused a decrease in serum concentrations of apolipoproteins C‐I, C‐II, C‐III and E. These highly significant reductions were all positively correlated to a reduction of very low density lipoprotein triglyceride levels of serum (r‐values >0.76, p<0.001). There were highly significant decreases in serum levels of apolipoprotein B and low density lipoprotein total cholesterol. These reductions were positively intercorrelated (r=0.55; p<0.01). Similar effects were observed in the different HLP types and in both sexes. Treatment resulted in normolipidemia in 12 patients, who were hypercholesterolemic (7 type IIa, 3 type IIb, 2 type III hyperlipoproteinemia) prior to treatment. The serum apolipoprotein B concentrations of these 12 patients fell after therapy to values which, however, remained abnormally high. We suggest that serum lipid adjusting treatment should aim at a normalization not only of serum lipid concentrations but also of the serum apolipoprotein B concentration in order to achieve a maximal antiatherogenic effect.

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“…It is well known that this enzyme selectively transfers linoleic acid from lecithin to cholesterol (Jonas et al, 1986). The fatty acid composition of plasma cholesteryl esters and/or phospholipids are used as a marker of compliance of fatty acid intake (De Genes et al, 1980;Gustafson et al, 1983;Blaton et al, 1984;Moilanen et al, 1985;Zock et al, 1997). Our data suggest that caution should be The TransLinE study JL Se Âbe Âdio et al taken because of the selectivity of LCAT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

The effect of dietary trans α-linolenic acid on plasma lipids and platelet fatty acid composition: the TransLinE study

et al. 2000

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; on behalf of the investigators of the TransLineE project { Objective: To collect (i) baseline data and (ii) execute a large multicentre study examining the effect of trans a-linolenic acid on its incorporation into plasma lipids and on risk factors for coronary heart disease. Design: Male volunteers were recruited and the habitual diet assessed by a 4-d weighed record. Fatty acid composition of plasma and platelet lipids were determined by gas chromatography at baseline. After a 6 week run-in period on a trans`free' diet, male volunteers were randomised to consume 0.6 % of energy trans a-linolenic acid or to continue with a diet`low' in trans a-linolenic acid for 6 weeks. Setting: Three European university research departments supported by the research and development departments of the food industry. Subjects: Male volunteers (88) recruited by local advertisement. Methods: Replacement of 30 % of the fat of the habitual diet by margarine, oil and foods. Rapeseed oil was deodorised especially to produce the trans`free' and`high' trans foods for this study. The incorporation and conversion of trans a-linolenic acid into plasma lipids and platelets was assessed by gas chromatography and dietary compliance was veri®ed by 4-d weighed record. Results: Less trans a-linolenic acid isomers are incorporated into human plasma lipids in French volunteers than in Dutch or Scottish volunteers consuming their habitual diets. Trans`free' a-linolenic acid-rich oil can be produced by careful deodorization during re®ning. The`high' trans diet provided 1410AE 42 mg/d trans isomers of a-linolenic acid, whilst the`low' trans group consumed 60 AE 75 mg/d. The change in plasma lipid and platelet fatty acid composition documented that trans linolenic isomers are incorporated and converted to a trans isomer of eicosapentaenoic acid. Only the 15-trans a-linolenic acid is incorporated into plasma cholesteryl esters. The group consuming low trans diet had a slightly higher intake of fat, especially saturated and monounsaturated fat. Conclusions: Trans`free' rapeseed oil, rich in a-linolenic acid, can be produced by careful deodorization. Dietary records show good compliance. Dietary trans isomers of a-linolenic acid are incorporated in plasma lipids and converted to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Their effects on risk factors for coronary heart disease and their metabolism will be reported elsewhere. Sponsorship: European Commission (FAIR 95-0594 grant).

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Effect of polyunsaturated isocaloric fat diets on plasma lipids, apolipoproteins and fatty acids

Cited by 40 publications

References 28 publications

Heterogeneity of cholesterol homeostasis in man. Response to changes in dietary fat quality and cholesterol quantity.

Heterogeneity of cholesterol homeostasis in man. Response to changes in dietary fat quality and cholesterol quantity.

Effects of Nicotinic Acid on Concentrations of Serum Apolipoproteins B, C‐I, C‐II, C‐III and E in Hyperlipidemic Patients

The effect of dietary trans α-linolenic acid on plasma lipids and platelet fatty acid composition: the TransLinE study

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