Effect of Pomegranate and Banana Extracts on Microshear Bond Strength of Resin Composite to Bleached Bovine Enamel: An In-Vitro Study

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of pomegranate and banana extracts (natural antioxidants) versus ascorbic acid (synthetic antioxidant) prepared in 10% and 15% concentrations on microshear bond strength (µSBS) to bleached enamel. Materials and Methods: A total of 56 bovine incisors were selected for the current study. Forty teeth were used for microshear bond strength and divided into 5 groups according to antioxidant type; Group 1: No bleaching + No antioxidant (negative control), Group 2: Bleaching + No antioxidant (positive control), Group 3: ascorbic acid, Group 4: pomegranate extract and Group 5: banana extract. Groups 3,4 and 5 were further divided into 2 subgroups according to concentration of antioxidant: 10% and 15%.Bleaching gel was applied according to manufacturer instructions. Antioxidants were applied for 10 min. Composite specimens were prepared and tested for µSBS using universal testing machine. Sixteen bovine incisors were prepared and tooth-restoration interfaces were assessed using SEM. Data were tabulated and statistically analyzed.Results: Negative control and 15% ascorbic acid recorded the highest mean µSBS values followed by 15% and 10% pomegranate groups. No significant difference was reported between 10% ascorbic acid and 15% banana. Lowest mean values were obtained with 10% banana and positive control groups with no significant difference between them. Conclusions: Pomegranate in both concentrations and 15% banana extract could partially reverse compromised bond strength. Use of 15% ascorbic is able to totally regain bond strength to bleached enamel. Banana extract in low concentration is not beneficial in improvement of bond strength after bleaching.

Pomegranate extract on eroded dentin: antioxidant action, bond strength and morphology of the adhesive interface after aging

“…Studies on dental substrates bleached with high-concentrated hydrogen peroxide reported that the P. granatum solution could fully or partially restore the bond strength of the restorative material to enamel and dentin [ 13 27 28 ]. Unbleached dentin treated with 20% pomegranate solution increased the bond strength compared to the untreated control [ 29 ].…”

“…Although some studies clarify the benefits of P. granatum in Dentistry, only a few used P. granatum extract to treat tooth surfaces before resin composite application, mainly in bleached surfaces [ 13 18 20 27 28 30 31 32 ]. Besides, to the best of our knowledge, there is only 1 that investigated the P. granatum on eroded dentin and 2 that assessed the bond strength of resin composite to dentin pretreated with P. granatum extract [ 17 29 33 ].…”

Uso do extrato de romã (Punica granatum L.) na superfície dentinária erodida: ação antioxidante, resistência de união e análise morfológica da interface adesiva após envelhecimento

“…Diferenças nos perfis de compostos fenólicos foram observadas entre as partes da romã (casca, semente e fruto), sendo as amostras da casca, as que apresentaram maior concentração de compostos fenólicos antioxidantes (Akhtar et al, 2015;Russo et al, 2018). Apesar de inúmeros estudos elucidarem os benefícios do extrato de romã (Bhandari 2012;Akhtar et al, 2015;Peršurić et al, 2020), poucos utilizam esse extrato para tratamento da superfície dental previamente a inserção do material resinoso, sendo a maioria deles realizada em dente o recebeu agente clareador (Sharafeddin & Farshad, 2015;Souza-Gabriel et al, 2020;Suratno et al, 2021;Abodahb et al, 2022).…”

“…Em 2015, Sharafeddin & Farshad não encontraram diferença na resistência de união da resina composta ao esmalte clareado com peróxido de carbamida 15% e tratado com chá de romã 10%. No entanto, estudos recentes em substratos clareados com peróxido de hidrogênio acima de 35%, verificaram que a solução de P. granatum foi capaz de reestabelecer, total ou parcialmente, a resistência adesiva do material restaurador ao esmalte (Suratno et al, 2021;Abodahb et al, 2022) e à dentina (Souza-Gabriel et al, 2020). Esses resultados evidenciam que os compostos fenólicos antioxidantes da solução de romã possam ter capturado os radicais O2 livres da superfície e favorecido a adesão do sistema resinoso (Souza-Gabriel et al, 2020;Suratno et al, 2021).…”

“…Até o momento, a literatura traz apenas dois estudos de resistência adesiva da resina à dentina pré-tratada com extrato de P. granatum (Ziotti et al, 2016;Sajana et al, 2020), pois os demais se relacionam a pós-tratamento em substrato que recebeu clareamento (Sharafeddin & Farshad, 2015;Souza-Gabriel et al, 2020;Suratno et al, 2021;Abodahb et al, 2022). O estudo prévio do nosso grupo de pesquisa (Ziotti et al, 2016) não encontrou resultados promissores com a solução de romã, provavelmente devido ao método de preparo da solução (pó comercial aquecido em água), que ocasionou resíduos da solução na dentina, além da baixa concentração do bioativo (0,5%).…”