Effect of pore geometry on the fatigue properties and cell affinity of porous titanium scaffolds fabricated by selective laser melting

Zhao, Dayong; Huang, Yutian; Ao, Yong; Han, Changjun; Wang, Qian; Li, Yan; Liu, Jie; Wei, Qingsong; Zhang, Zhen

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.08.048

Cited by 96 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…However, designing optimized tissue scaffolds is still a challenging work due to the conflict in the mechanical and biological needs of scaffolds [9]. For instance, high porosity is a desirable property in satisfying the biological requirements, but such attribute reduces the mechanical compatibility of scaffolds, such as the effective modulus, the failure strength and the fatigue life [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To understand the relationships between the scaffold properties and the underlying topologies, a number of experimental and numerical studies have been performed in recent years [3,11,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. For examples, Egan et al (2017) compared the mechanical and permeability behaviors of eight traditional scaffolds (Cube, BC-Cube, Octet, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between the morphological, mechanical and permeability properties of porous bone scaffolds and the underlying microstructure

et al. 2020

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Bone scaffolds are widely used as one of the main bone substitute materials. However, many bone scaffold microstructure topologies exist and it is still unclear which topology to use when designing scaffold for a specific application. The aim of the present study was to reveal the mechanism of the microstructure-driven performance of bone scaffold and thus to provide guideline on scaffold design. Finite element (FE) models of five TPMS (Diamond, Gyroid, Schwarz P, Fischer-Koch S and F-RD) and three traditional (Cube, FD-Cube and Octa) scaffolds were generated. The effective compressive and shear moduli of scaffolds were calculated from the mechanical analysis using the FE unit cell models with the periodic boundary condition. The scaffold permeability was calculated from the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis using the 4×4×4 FE models. It is revealed that the surface-to-volume ratio of the Fischer-Koch S-based scaffold is the highest among the scaffolds investigated. The mechanical analysis revealed that the bending deformation dominated structures (e.g., the Diamond, the Gyroid, the Schwarz P) have higher effective shear moduli. The stretching deformation dominated structures (e.g., the Schwarz P, the Cube) have higher effective compressive moduli. For all the scaffolds, when the same amount of change in scaffold porosity is made, the corresponding change in the scaffold relative shear modulus is larger than that in the relative compressive modulus. The CFD analysis revealed that the structures with the simple and straight pores (e.g., Cube) have higher permeability than the structures with the complex pores (e.g., Fischer-Koch S). The main contribution of the present study is that the relationship between scaffold properties and the underlying microstructure is systematically investigated and thus some guidelines on the design of bone scaffolds are provided, for example, in the scenario where a high surface-to-volume ratio is required, it is suggested to use the Fischer-Koch S based scaffold.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between the morphological, mechanical and permeability properties of porous bone scaffolds and the underlying microstructure

et al. 2020

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“…Then, to 4.9 g of titanium powder were added 3.6 mL demineralized H 2 O, 0.18 g of polyethylene glycol (as a binder) and a drop of neutral detergent (as a dispersant). In this work, we use cylindrical molds of different materials (alumina and Teflon ® ) and diameters (8,12,15 and 20 mm for alumina and 12 mm for the Teflon ® mold, respectively). The molds filled with the slurry prepared above are subjected to temperature gradients (ΔT), (27, 32, 37 °C), by varying the cold surface and keeping constant the hot one (22 °C) controlled in two different ways, to induce directed freezing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After sintering, the characterization of the obtained porosity and the macro-mechanical behavior of the cylinders was performed. These studies allowed us to evaluate the influence of the parameters that control the manufacturing process (ΔT, diameter and mold material) on the porosity: volumetric In this work, we use cylindrical molds of different materials (alumina and Teflon ® ) and diameters (8,12,15 and 20 mm for alumina and 12 mm for the Teflon ® mold, respectively). The molds filled with the slurry prepared above are subjected to temperature gradients (∆T), (27,32,37 • C), by varying the cold surface and keeping constant the hot one (22 • C) controlled in two different ways, to induce directed freezing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Titanium Cylinders Obtained by the Freeze-Casting Technique: Influence of Process Parameters on Porosity and Mechanical Behavior

Trueba

Beltrán

Bayo

et al. 2020

Metals

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The discrepancy between the stiffness of commercially pure titanium and cortical bone tissue compromises its success as a biomaterial. The use of porous titanium has been widely studied, however, it is still challenging to obtain materials able to replicate the porous structure of the bones (content, size, morphology and distribution). In this work, the freeze-casting technique is used to manufacture cylinders with elongated porosity, using a home-made and economical device. The relationship between the processing parameters (diameter and material of the mold, temperature gradient), microstructural features and mechanical properties is established and discussed, in terms of ensuring biomechanical and biofunctional balance. The cylinders have a gradient porosity suitable for use in dentistry, presenting higher Young’s modulus at the bottom, near the cold spot and, therefore better mechanical resistance (it would be in contact with a prosthetic crown), while the opposite side, the hot spot, has bigger, elongated pores and walls.

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“…The loose sintering (compaction pressure is not applied) is the extreme case (maximum porosity) of the PM route [32][33][34]. However, an excessive porosity and/or deficient sinterability (quality of the necks) of titanium powder at low temperatures, may compromise the mechanical behavior [35][36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Compaction Pressure and Sintering Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Porous Titanium for Biomedical Applications

Castillo

Muñoz

Trueba

et al. 2019

Metals

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In the present work, the use of porous titanium is proposed as a solution to the difference in stiffness between the implant and bone tissue, avoiding the bone resorption. Conventional powder metallurgical technique is an industrially established route for fabrication of this type of material. The results are discussed in terms of the influence of compaction pressure and sintering temperature on the porosity (volumetric fraction, size, and morphology) and the quality of the sintering necks. A very good agreement between the predicted values obtained using a simple 2D finite element model, the experimental uniaxial compression behavior, and the analytical model proposed by Nielsen, has been found for both the Young’s modulus and the yield strength. The porous samples obtained by the loose sintering technique and using temperatures between 1000 °C −1100 °C (about 40% of total porosity) are recommended for achieving a suitable biomechanical behavior for cortical bone partial replacement.

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Effect of pore geometry on the fatigue properties and cell affinity of porous titanium scaffolds fabricated by selective laser melting

Cited by 96 publications

References 50 publications

Relationship between the morphological, mechanical and permeability properties of porous bone scaffolds and the underlying microstructure

Relationship between the morphological, mechanical and permeability properties of porous bone scaffolds and the underlying microstructure

Porous Titanium Cylinders Obtained by the Freeze-Casting Technique: Influence of Process Parameters on Porosity and Mechanical Behavior

Influence of the Compaction Pressure and Sintering Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Porous Titanium for Biomedical Applications

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