Effect of post-labeling delay on regional cerebral blood flow in arterial spin-labeling MR imaging

Ying, Hao; Lv, Fajin; Li, Qi; Liu, Rongbo

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000020463

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In addition, Peterson et al (2019) examined a wide age range with a rather short PLD (1300 ms). This means that the PLD is probably shorter than the arterial transit time (ATT) especially among the older segment of the population, which can produce both overestimation and underestimation of CBF (Hu et al, 2020), thereby introducing insecurity in the results. In addition, no study mentions the use of partial volume correction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversifying autism neuroimaging research: An arterial spin labeling review

Knudsen

Sheldrick

Vafaee

et al. 2022

Autism

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Cognition and brain homeostasis depends on cerebral blood flow to secure adequate oxygen and nutrient distribution to the brain tissue. Altered cerebral blood flow has previously been reported in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum condition in comparison to non-autistics. This phenomenon might suggest cerebral blood flow as a potential biomarker for autism spectrum condition. Major technological advancement enables the non-invasive and quantitative measurement of cerebral blood flow via arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging. However, most neuroimaging studies in autistic individuals exploit the indirect blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging signal instead. Therefore, this review examines the use of arterial spin labeling to further investigate the neurobiology of the autism spectrum condition. Followed by a comparison of results from molecular imaging and arterial spin labeling studies and a discussion concerning the future direction and potential of arterial spin labeling in this context. We found that arterial spin labeling study results are consistent with those of molecular imaging, especially after considering the effect of age and sex. Arterial spin labeling has numerous application possibilities besides the quantification of cerebral blood flow, including assessment of functional connectivity and arterial transit time. Therefore, we encourage researchers to explore and consider the application of arterial spin labeling for future scientific studies in the quest to better understand the neurobiology of autism spectrum condition. Lay abstract Brain function and health depend on cerebral blood flow to secure the necessary delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the brain tissue. However, cerebral blood flow appears to be altered in autistic compared to non-autistic individuals, potentially suggesting this difference to be a cause and potential identification point of autism. Recent technological development enables precise and non-invasive measurement of cerebral blood flow via the magnetic resonance imaging method referred to as arterial spin labeling. However, most neuroimaging studies still prefer using the physiologically indirect measure derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging. Therefore, this review examines the use of arterial spin labeling to further investigate the neurobiology of autism. Furthermore, the review includes a comparison of results from molecular imaging and arterial spin labeling followed by a discussion concerning the future direction and potential of arterial spin labeling. We found that arterial spin labeling study results are consistent with those of molecular imaging, especially after considering the effect of age and sex. In addition, arterial spin labeling has numerous application possibilities besides the quantification of cerebral blood flow. Therefore, we encourage researchers to explore and consider the application of arterial spin labeling for future scientific studies in the quest to better understand the neurobiology of autism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversifying autism neuroimaging research: An arterial spin labeling review

Knudsen

Sheldrick

Vafaee

et al. 2022

Autism

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show abstract

“…Previous studies, mainly on adult volunteers, already addressed ATT effects and intravascular perfusion signal effects, demonstrating that such phenomena may influence CBF estimates in the DTAs and PTAs, respectively [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. A recent study [31] reported comparable results on their cohort of young healthy adults (age range 20-44), as they reported CBF gradually decreasing along with the increase of TI values (1525 ms, 2025 ms, 2525 ms) in VOIs corresponding to PTAs (e.g. basal ganglia, insular cortex, Heschl gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, frontal opercular areas, and cingulate gyrus) and gradually increasing in VOIs corresponding to the watershed areas (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the inversion time on regional brain perfusion estimation with clinical arterial spin labeling protocols

Sanvito

Palesi

Rognone³

et al. 2021

Magn Reson Mater Phy

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Objective Evaluating the impact of the Inversion Time (TI) on regional perfusion estimation in a pediatric cohort using Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL). Materials and methods Pulsed ASL (PASL) was acquired at 3 T both at TI 1500 ms and 2020 ms from twelve MRI-negative patients (age range 9–17 years). A volume of interest (VOIs) and a voxel-wise approach were employed to evaluate subject-specific TI-dependent Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF) differences, and grey matter CBF Z-score differences. A visual evaluation was also performed. Results CBF was higher for TI 1500 ms in the proximal territories of the arteries (PTAs) (e.g. insular cortex and basal ganglia — P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 from the VOI analysis, respectively), and for TI 2020 ms in the distal territories of the arteries (DTAs), including the watershed areas (e.g. posterior parietal and occipital cortex — P < 0.001 and P < 0.01 from the VOI analysis, respectively). Similar differences were also evident when analyzing patient-specific CBF Z-scores and at a visual inspection. Conclusions TI influences ASL perfusion estimates with a region-dependent effect. The presence of intraluminal arterial signal in PTAs and the longer arterial transit time in the DTAs (including watershed areas) may account for the TI-dependent differences. Watershed areas exhibiting a lower perfusion signal at short TIs (~ 1500 ms) should not be misinterpreted as focal hypoperfused areas.

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“… 122 When multi-delay ASL is not feasible in populations with expected prolonged ATT, an ASL with long PLD is advised, including those where rarefaction is likely expressing. 130 …”

Section: Mri Methods To Measure Microvascular Rarefactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of microvascular rarefaction in human brain disorders using physiological magnetic resonance imaging

Dinther

Voorter

Jansen

et al. 2022

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Cerebral microvascular rarefaction, the reduction in number of functional or structural small blood vessels in the brain, is thought to play an important role in the early stages of microvascular related brain disorders. A better understanding of its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, and methods to measure microvascular density in the human brain are needed to develop biomarkers for early diagnosis and to identify targets for disease modifying treatments. Therefore, we provide an overview of the assumed main pathophysiological processes underlying cerebral microvascular rarefaction and the evidence for rarefaction in several microvascular related brain disorders. A number of advanced physiological MRI techniques can be used to measure the pathological alterations associated with microvascular rarefaction. Although more research is needed to explore and validate these MRI techniques in microvascular rarefaction in brain disorders, they provide a set of promising future tools to assess various features relevant for rarefaction, such as cerebral blood flow and volume, vessel density and radius and blood-brain barrier leakage.

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Effect of post-labeling delay on regional cerebral blood flow in arterial spin-labeling MR imaging

Abstract: Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Diversifying autism neuroimaging research: An arterial spin labeling review

Diversifying autism neuroimaging research: An arterial spin labeling review

Impact of the inversion time on regional brain perfusion estimation with clinical arterial spin labeling protocols

Assessment of microvascular rarefaction in human brain disorders using physiological magnetic resonance imaging

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