Effect of Potassium Deficiency Upon Translocation of <sup>14</sup>C in Attached Blades and Entire Plants of Sugarcane

Hartt, Constance E.

doi:10.1104/pp.44.10.1461

Cited by 99 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…The results in this paper confirm those previously reported (9) in showing that a high percentage of K in the plant is associated with good translocation of 14C and a low percentage of K with poor translocation. Not only the percentage of K but also the distribution of K within the blade may be related to translocation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…As previously shown (9), changes in moisture content may or may not be evident when translocation is affected by K deficiency. Phosphorus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…After about 1 month in tap water, the plants were supplied with nutrient solutions prepared with distilled or deionized water. The complete solution contained K; the -K solution contained no K (9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Potassium Deficiency upon Translocation of ¹⁴C in Detached Blades of Sugarcane

Hartt

1970

Plant Physiol.

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The translocation of radioactive photosynthate was studied in blades detached from plants which had been grown in nutrient solution with and without potassium. Basipetal translocation decreased in the blades of plants deprived of potassium, even when deficiency symptoms were not visible. In such slightly potassium-deficient leaves, translocation was decreased in the light but not in the dark. More severe potassium deficiency decreased translocation both in darkness and in light. Potassium deficiency decreased translocation at light intensities giving no difference in rate of photosynthesis between plus and minus potassium leaves and even at light intensities at which there was no net fixation of carbon dioxide. At all levels of deficiency, the relative decrease in translocation was greater than the relative decrease in photosynthesis. Translocation was affected at potassium deficiency levels which had no effect upon photosynthesis.Potassium deficiency decreased translocation relatively more than it decreased moisture content. There was a much better correlation between the decrease in potassium and translocation than between the decrease in moisture and translocation.An experiment with radioactive phosphorus indicated an upset in phosphorylation in the stems of potassium-deficient plants.Experiments reported in the preceding paper (9) led to the conclusion that K may exert a direct effect upon translocation of photosynthate. This conclusion was confirmed and strengthened by studies with detached blades reported herein.K is not the only nutrient required for translocation, since deficiencies in N and P also decrease the transport of sugar in the sugarcane plant (6, 11). MATERIALS AND METHODSThe varieties of sugarcane studied in these experiments were previously described (9).Shoots grown from stem cuttings cultured in volcanic black sand for 2.5 months were transplanted to tap water culture, two plants per 16-liter pot or one per 8-liter pot. After about 1 month in tap water, the plants were supplied with nutrient solutions prepared with distilled or deionized water. The complete solution contained K; the -K solution contained no K (9).All of the methods of application of "CO2, sampling, analysis, and radioactivity counting were the same as with attached blades, the only difference being that the system under investigation was a detached blade rather than an entire plant, a system with several advantages (12).Blades were cut from the plant at about 8 AM, recut twice under water, and taken to the air-conditioned room. The cut end of the blade remained in water during the entire test. After preillumination, measured doses of 14CO2 were supplied to portions of the blades for 5 min in artificial light. The feeding chamber (6, 15) was quickly removed, and the blade was placed under the illumination desired for translocation. The portion of the blade above the fed part is called the apex; that below the fed part, the base.Translocation took place for 6 or 24 hr, after which each blade was cut into measured sect...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…As previously shown (9), changes in moisture content may or may not be evident when translocation is affected by K deficiency. Phosphorus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Effect of Potassium Deficiency upon Translocation of ¹⁴C in Detached Blades of Sugarcane

Hartt

1970

Plant Physiol.

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“…Factors affecting translocation of 'IC in sugarcane include supply of K, N, and P (8,10,11 and whether the N is supplied as NO3-or NH4+ (2,5). N nutrition may also affect the composition of the translocate (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although withholding nitrogen decreased translocation of labeled carbon in and from attached blades, there was no effect upon transport in detached blades. The effect of nitrogen deficiency upon translocation may be indirect and secondary to the effect upon growth of the plant as a whole.Factors affecting translocation of 'IC in sugarcane include supply of K, N, and P (8,10,11 and whether the N is supplied as NO3-or NH4+ (2,5). N nutrition may also affect the composition of the translocate (16).…”

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Effect of Nitrogen Deficiency upon Translocation of ¹⁴C in Sugarcane

Hartt¹

1970

Plant Physiol.

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Withholding nitrogen decreased the percentages of nitrogen and chlorophyll in the blades; reduced the total fixation of radioactive carbon dioxide at 15, 37, and 178 seconds; and changed the relative composition of fixation products. Translocation of radioactive photosynthate from the fed part down the attached blade and into the stalk was less in the plants deprived of nitrogen than in the control plants supplied with nitrogen. Both the percentage of total activity translocated and the velocity of transport were decreased by nitrogen deficiency. During a translocation period of 90 minutes the minus nitrogen blade retained more '4C-sucrose than the control in the fed part and the blade below the fed part, but it sent less '4C-sucrose to the sheath of the fed leaf. Thus translocation decreased with nitrogen deficiency not for lack of sucrose but for some other reason. Although withholding nitrogen decreased translocation of labeled carbon in and from attached blades, there was no effect upon transport in detached blades. The effect of nitrogen deficiency upon translocation may be indirect and secondary to the effect upon growth of the plant as a whole.Factors affecting translocation of 'IC in sugarcane include supply of K, N, and P (8,10,11 and whether the N is supplied as NO3-or NH4+ (2,5). N nutrition may also affect the composition of the translocate (16).The purpose of this paper is to report the effect of N deficiency upon translocation in sugarcane plants which was Equal doses of 14CO2 were supplied to 20-cm lengths of blade of intact plants outdoors where grown, by the use of the chamber described previously (8). Translocation was terminated by cutting the plant into the required parts. Samples were prepared and their radioactivity was determined by methods already presented in detail (13). Briefly, at harvest the plants were subdivided, weighed, and sampled. Dried, milled samples were counted at infinite thickness. Samples of extracts were counted at infinite thinness. Samples for sugar analyses were boiled and extracted with ethanol. Sugars were analyzed by the method described by Tanimoto and Burr (18) and chromatographed by the methods given previously (13). Chromatograms were counted on the paper.Results counted at infinite thickness are expressed as relative specific activity (the net cpm at infinite thickness), relative total counts (the relative specific activity times the total dry weight in milligrams), and percentage of relative total counts in the plant or detached blade (obtained by adding the relative total counts of each part). Results counted at infinite thinness are expressed as total counts.Methods for Photosynthesis Test. The early and later stages in photosynthesis (15, 37, and 178 sec) were studied in one experiment. Three sections of blade each 7.5 cm long, including midrib and lamina, were cut from the central part of blade 42 of a control plant and also of a plant deprived of N. Alternate sections of + and -N blades stood in a trough of water at the base of a wire rack whi...

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Water, Transpiration, and Gas Exchange

Grantz

2013

Sugarcane: Physiology, Biochemistry, and Functional Biology

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Effect of Potassium Deficiency Upon Translocation of ¹⁴C in Attached Blades and Entire Plants of Sugarcane

Cited by 99 publications

References 8 publications

Effect of Potassium Deficiency upon Translocation of ¹⁴C in Detached Blades of Sugarcane

Effect of Potassium Deficiency upon Translocation of ¹⁴C in Detached Blades of Sugarcane

Effect of Nitrogen Deficiency upon Translocation of ¹⁴C in Sugarcane

Water, Transpiration, and Gas Exchange

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Effect of Potassium Deficiency Upon Translocation of 14C in Attached Blades and Entire Plants of Sugarcane

Cited by 99 publications

References 8 publications

Effect of Potassium Deficiency upon Translocation of 14C in Detached Blades of Sugarcane

Effect of Potassium Deficiency upon Translocation of 14C in Detached Blades of Sugarcane

Effect of Nitrogen Deficiency upon Translocation of 14C in Sugarcane

Water, Transpiration, and Gas Exchange

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Effect of Potassium Deficiency Upon Translocation of ¹⁴C in Attached Blades and Entire Plants of Sugarcane

Effect of Potassium Deficiency upon Translocation of ¹⁴C in Detached Blades of Sugarcane

Effect of Potassium Deficiency upon Translocation of ¹⁴C in Detached Blades of Sugarcane

Effect of Nitrogen Deficiency upon Translocation of ¹⁴C in Sugarcane