Effect of Poultry Manure on the Leaching of Carbon from a Sandy Soil as a Potential Substrate for Denitrification in the Subsoil

Shepherd, Mark

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199707)74:3<313::aid-jsfa804>3.0.co;2-m

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…2). Other workers have shown that more dissolved C is leached from soils amended with animal manure than unamended soils (Bhogal and Shepherd 1997;Rochette and Gregorich 1998;Bol et al 1999).…”

Section: Soil Water Chemistry and Nutrient Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Phosphorus concentrations in subsurface water as influenced by cropping systems and fertilizer sources

Carefoot¹,

Whalen²

2003

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Carefoot, J. P. and Whalen, J. K. 2003. Phosphorus concentrations in subsurface water as influenced by cropping systems and fertilizer sources. Can. J. Soil Sci. 83: 203-212. Over-fertilization of agricultural soils with P has been linked to water pollution, and it is becoming apparent that subsurface P losses can be substantial. The silty-loam Gleysol chosen for this study contained 146 mg Mehlich-3 P kg -1 , which exceeds the critical limit (66 mg Mehlich-3 P kg -1 ) for Québec. Equal quantities of fertilizer P (45 kg P ha -1 ) were applied from inorganic (triple superphosphate) and organic (composted cattle manure) sources to corn-corn and corn-soybean rotations. We evaluated crop production, the Mehlich-3 P and degree of soil P saturation levels, and the P concentration in subsurface water. Crop yields were unaffected by the fertilizer source, and only 31 to 67% of the P applied over a 2-yr period was exported, suggesting that the P fertilizer rate, chosen to match the P requirements of the corn crop, was excessive. After 2 yr, surface (0 to 15 cm) soils contained 149 to 199 mg Mehlich-3 P kg -1 and the Mehlich-3 (P/Al) saturation ratio (DSPS M3 ) ranged from 0.10 to 0.14. Subsurface water from piezometers installed to a 60-cm depth contained between 0.3 and 1.7 mg total P L -1 , and particulate P was the dominant P form at most sampling dates. Mehlich-3 P was positively correlated with dissolved reactive P, whereas the DSPS M3 was positively correlated with the total P and particulate P concentrations in subsurface water. We conclude that these soil test parameters could be useful indicators of subsurface P losses from Québec soils.Key words: Soil test P, degree of soil P saturation, composted cattle manure, triple superphosphate, P leaching Il existe un lien évident entre la sur-fertilisation des sols agricoles en phosphore (P) et la pollution des eaux. Le Gleysol limoneau choisi pour cette etude contiennait 146 mg kg -1 du P selon la méthode Mehlich-3 (Mehlich-3 P), excédant ainsi la limite critique (66 mg Mehlich-3 P kg -1 ) du Québec. Les quantités égaux d'engrais phosphorique (45 kg P ha -1 ) ont été appliqué en forme inorganique (superphosphate triple) et organique (fumier de bétail composté) sur les cultures en rotation maïs-maïs et maïs-soya. Nous avons evalué la récolte des cultures, la quantité du Mehlich-3 P, le degré de saturation du sol en P (DSSP), et la concentration du P dans l'eau sous-terrain. Les récoltes ont été nullement affecté par la source de fertilisant. Seulement 31 à 67% du P appliqué sur un period du deux ans a été exporté, ceci nous laissons à croire que la taux de fertilisation du P, recommendait au Québec, est excessif. Après deux ans, le sols du surface (0 à 15 cm) contiennait 149 à 199 mg Mehlich-3 P kg -1 puis la ratio du saturation en P (P/Al) selon la méthode Mehlich-3 (DSSP M3 ) a été entre 0.10 et 0.14. L'eau collectait d'un profondeur de 60 cm avec l'utilisation d'un pieometre contiennait entre 0.3 et 1.7 mg P totale L -1 . Le P en particules était la forme dominant du...

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Section: Soil Water Chemistry and Nutrient Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Phosphorus concentrations in subsurface water as influenced by cropping systems and fertilizer sources

Carefoot¹,

Whalen²

2003

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…However, the lack of a significant increase in the depth-weighted C concentration below 60 cm depth suggests that any increase in organic C from the manure storage was small relative to the total mass of C in the soil, or was difficult to detect due to substantial variability in soil C concentration. Significant transport of C in the soil has been reported previously as a result of land irrigation of sewage effluent (Ronen and Magaritz 1991) and from application of poultry broiler manure to land (Bhogal and Shepherd 1997). Bhogal and Shepherd (1997) found that virtually all of the total organic C measured at 1 m depth following poultry manure application was in soluble form, and that the quantity of C measured increased linearly with increasing rate of manure application.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Nutrient losses to soil from field storage of solid poultry manure

Zebarth¹,

Paul²,

Chipperfield³

1999

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. Nutrient losses to soil from field storage of solid poultry manure. Can. J. Soil Sci. 79: 183-189. The study was done to quantify the effect of uncovered field storage of solid poultry manure in south coastal British Columbia on a site where solid turkey manure was stored uncovered each fall and winter for approximately 6 yr. The soil was sampled to 370 cm depth in a transect with six sampling locations: two in the manure storage area, and two on either side of the manure storage area. The soil was analyzed for the concentrations of total organic C, total Kjeldahl N, ammonium, nitrate, K, P, Mg, and Na in addition to soil pH and electrical conductivity. The mass of nutrients to 370 cm depth was 39 700 and 330 kg NH 4 + -N ha -1 , 500 and 480 kg NO 3 --N ha -1 , 36 400 and 1440 kg K ha -1 , 12 100 and 2190 kg P ha -1 , 3150 and 1140 kg Mg ha -1 and 9850 and 975 kg Na ha -1 for the manure storage and non-storage sampling locations, respectively. The depth weighted average soil pH was 8.4 and 4.7 and average soil electrical conductivity was 3.3 and 0.3 dS m -1 for the manure storage and nonstorage sampling locations, respectively. The lack of an increase in soil nitrate concentration in the manure storage area was attributed to concentrations of free ammonia in soil solution toxic to nitrifying bacteria. The results highlight the high potential for nutrient loss from uncovered fall and winter field storage of poultry manure in south coastal British Columbia.Key words: Turkey manure, soluble C, soil ammonium, free ammonia, electrical conductivity Zebarth, B. J., Paul, J. W. et Chipperfield, K. 1999. Pertes en élément nutritif du sol résultant du stockage au champ à décou-vert du fumier de volaille solide. Can. J. Soil Sci. 79: 183-189. Nous avons quantifié l'effet du stockage à découvert au champ du fumier de volaille solide dans le sud-ouest de la Colombie-Britannique. L'expérience se déroulait à un endroit où du fumier solide de dinde avait été stocké à l'air libre chaque automne-hiver depuis environ 6 ans. Des prélèvements de sol étaient réalisés jusqu'à la profondeur de 370 cm, selon un transect comprenant 6 points d'échantillonnage: deux au site même du terrain de stockage et deux de chaque côté. Les analyses du sol portait sur les concentrations de C organique total, de N total mesuré au Kjeldahl, de l'ammoniac, du nitrate, de K, P, Mg et Na ainsi que sur le pH et la conductivité électrique. La masse des éléments nutritifs jusqu'à 370 cm de profondeur s'établissait, respectivement, à 39 700 et 330 kg N-NH 4 + , 500 et 480 kg N-NO 3 -, 36 400 et 1 440 kg K, 12 100 et 2 190 kg P, 3 150 et 1 140 kg Mg et 9 850 et 975 kg Na par hectare pour les prélèvements provenant du site même du stockage et pour ceux pris de chaque côté. De même, le pH moyen du sol pondéré en fonction de la profondeur du sol était, respectivement, de 8,4 et de 4,7 et la conductivité électrique de 3,3 et 0,3 dS m -1 . L'absence de tout accroissement de la concentration de nitrates du sol au lieu même du stockage est attribuée à l'effet toxiqu...

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“…In experiments investigating competitive sorption between phosphorus and DOM, soils suspended in background electrolyte solution with varying P concentrations were also spiked with poultry litter extract to achieve an initial DOC concentration (145 mg C L −1 ). This DOC concentration is representative of DOC in runoff and soil solution in fields having recently received manure application (Bhogal and Shepherd, 1997; Gallet et al, 2003; Pote et al, 2003). The DOC concentration is also representative of a 100× dilution of concentrated poultry litter extract.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus and Nitrogen Sorption to Soils in the Presence of Poultry Litter‐Derived Dissolved Organic Matter

et al. 2008

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Two environmental aspects associated with land application of poultry litter that have not been comprehensively evaluated are (i) the competition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and P for soil sorption sites, and (ii) the sorption of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) relative to inorganic nitrogen species (e.g., NO(3)(-) and NH(4)(+)) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The competition between DOM and P for sorption sites has often been assumed to increase the amount of P available for plant growth; however, elevating DOM concentrations may also increase P available for transport to water resources. Batch sorption experiments were conducted to (i) evaluate soil properties governing P sorption to benchmark soils of Southwestern Missouri, (ii) elucidate the impact of poultry litter-derived DOM on P sorption, and (iii) investigate DON retention relative to inorganic N species and DOC. Soils were reacted for 24 h with inorganic P (0-60 mg L(-1)) in the presence and absence of DOM (145 mg C L(-1)) using a background electrolyte solution comparable to DOM extracts (I = 10.8 mmol L(-1); pH 7.7). Soil P sorption was positively correlated with metal oxide (r(2) = 0.70) and clay content (r(2) = 0.79) and negatively correlated with Bray-1 extractable P (r(2) = 0.79). Poultry litter-derived DOM had no significant negative impact on P sorption. Dissolved organic nitrogen was preferentially removed from solution relative to (NO(3)(-)-N + NO(2)(-)-N), NH(4)(+)-N, and DOC. This research indicates that poultry litter-derived DOM is not likely to enhance inorganic P transport which contradicts the assumption that DOM released from organic wastes increases plant-available P when organic amendments and fertilizer P are co-applied. Additionally, this work demonstrates the need to further evaluate the fate and transport of DON in agroecosystem soils receiving poultry litter applications.

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Effect of Poultry Manure on the Leaching of Carbon from a Sandy Soil as a Potential Substrate for Denitrification in the Subsoil

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Phosphorus concentrations in subsurface water as influenced by cropping systems and fertilizer sources

Phosphorus concentrations in subsurface water as influenced by cropping systems and fertilizer sources

Nutrient losses to soil from field storage of solid poultry manure

Phosphorus and Nitrogen Sorption to Soils in the Presence of Poultry Litter‐Derived Dissolved Organic Matter

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