Effect of pre-meal water intake on the serum levels of Copeptin, glycemic control, lipid profile and anthropometric indices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, controlled trial

Sedaghat, Gohar; Montazerifar, Farzaneh; Keykhaie, Mahmood Ali; Karajibani, Mansour; Shourestani, Shadi; Dashipour, Alireza

doi:10.1007/s40200-020-00724-9

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The worst thing for them is to engage in heavy drinking in the fasting state, as this can cause the opposite action—hypoglycemia, which increases the risk of death from non-cardiovascular causes in diabetic individuals [ 168 ]. Water indeed flushes out extra glucose from the blood [ 169 , 170 ]. Dehydration also causes an increase in the level of vasopressin, a hormone that is possibly a risk factor for the development of hyperglycemia [ 171 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Glimpse into Milestones of Insulin Resistance and an Updated Review of Its Management

et al. 2023

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Insulin is the main metabolic regulator of fuel molecules in the diet, such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. It does so by facilitating glucose influx from the circulation into the liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal myocytes. The outcome of which is subjected to glycogenesis in skeletal muscle and lipogenesis in adipose tissue, as well as in the liver. Therefore, insulin has an anabolic action while, on the contrary, hypoinsulinemia promotes the reverse process. Protein breakdown in myocytes is also encountered during the late stages of diabetes mellitus. The balance of the blood glucose level in physiological conditions is maintained by virtue of the interactive functions of insulin and glucagon. In insulin resistance (IR), the balance is disturbed because glucose transporters (GLUTs) of cell membranes fail to respond to this peptide hormone, meaning that glucose molecules cannot be internalized into the cells, the consequence of which is hyperglycemia. To develop the full state of diabetes mellitus, IR should be associated with the impairment of insulin release from beta-cells of the pancreas. Periodic screening of individuals of high risk, such as those with obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and pregnant nulliparous women in antenatal control, is vital, as these are important checkpoints to detect cases of insulin resistance. This is pivotal as IR can be reversed, provided it is detected in its early stages, through healthy dietary habits, regular exercise, and the use of hypoglycemic agents. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology, etiology, diagnosis, preventive methods, and management of IR in brief.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Glimpse into Milestones of Insulin Resistance and an Updated Review of Its Management

et al. 2023

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“…The water intake stimulates the secretion of copeptin, leads to increased ACTH and cortisol secretion, enhances glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, and regulates insulin and glucagon secretion. All of these factors contribute to the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases, including diabetes [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. In our study, subjects consumed an additional 1000 mL of water daily, ensuring sufficient hydration, and potentially enhancing glucose metabolism and reducing blood glucose levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-Rich Water Ameliorates Metabolic Disorder via Modifying Gut Microbiota in Impaired Fasting Glucose Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study

Shi

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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Objective: Molecular hydrogen (H2) exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, and has shown benefits in glucose and lipid metabolism in certain animal metabolic disorder models. However, the potential benefits of H2 treatment in individuals with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) has seldom been studied. This randomized controlled study (RCT) aims to investigate the effects of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) on IFG subjects and explore the underlying mechanism involved. Methods: Seventy-three patients with IFG were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. These patients were assigned to receive either 1000 mL per day of HRW or placebo pure water (no H2 infusion) for a duration of eight weeks. Metabolic parameters and fecal gut microbiota were assessed at baseline (week 0) and at week 8. A combined analysis of metabolomics and intestinal microbiota was conducted to investigate the correlation between the effect of H2 on the metabolisms and the diversity of intestinal flora in the IGF patients. Results: Both pure water and HRW demonstrated a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose in IFG patients, with a significant difference between pure water and HRW after eight weeks. Among IFG patients with abnormal pre-experimental fatty liver, 62.5% (10/16) in the HRW group and 31.6% (6/19) in the pure water group achieved remission. Furthermore, 16S RNA analysis revealed HRW-modified gut microbiota dysbiosis in the fecal samples of IGF patients. Through Pearson correlation analysis, the differential gut microbiota obtained by 16S analysis was found to be highly correlated with nine metabolites. Conclusion: H2 slightly improved metabolic abnormalities and gut microbiota dysbiosis, providing a novel target and theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of blood glucose regulation in patients with IFG.

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“…We found that the pathological symptoms of T2DM were relieved after the administration of eugenol, which led to a rapid loss of body weight in a short period owing to the inability of the mice to metabolize glucose by normal absorption and insufficient energy intake. It is likely that the diet and water intake of T2DM mice was affected by insufficient energy intake, and that the mice spontaneously increased fasting at the beginning of T2DM and increased water intake to eliminate excess glucose due to the high blood glucose level in the body ( 30 ). In this study, eugenol mitigated the weight loss associated with T2DM, and we demonstrated for the first time that eugenol enhanced water consumption, which was related with a reduction in blood glucose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eugenol improves high-fat diet/streptomycin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice muscle dysfunction by alleviating inflammation and increasing muscle glucose uptake

et al. 2022

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Eugenol has been used in dietary interventions for metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. However, the protective effect of eugenol on muscle function in diabetes is unclear. In this study, a high-fat diet (HFD) with a streptozocin (STZ) injection induced type II diabetes mellitus in a mouse model. Oral eugenol lowered blood glucose and insulin resistance of HFD/STZ-treated mice. Eugenol reduced HFD/STZ-induced muscle inflammation and prevented muscle weakness and atrophy. Eugenol administration significantly increased GLUT4 translocation and AMPK phosphorylation in skeletal muscle, thereby enhancing glucose uptake. By silencing the transient receptor potential vanilloid channel 1 (TRPV1) gene in C2C12 myotube cells, eugenol was found to increase intracellular Ca2+ levels through TRPV1, which then activated calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-2 (CaMKK2) and affected AMPK protein phosphorylation. In conclusion, eugenol is a potential nutraceutical for preventing high-glucose-induced muscle impairments, which could be explained by its mediating effects on glucose absorption and inflammatory responses in the muscle.

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Effect of pre-meal water intake on the serum levels of Copeptin, glycemic control, lipid profile and anthropometric indices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, controlled trial

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

A Glimpse into Milestones of Insulin Resistance and an Updated Review of Its Management

A Glimpse into Milestones of Insulin Resistance and an Updated Review of Its Management

Hydrogen-Rich Water Ameliorates Metabolic Disorder via Modifying Gut Microbiota in Impaired Fasting Glucose Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study

Eugenol improves high-fat diet/streptomycin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice muscle dysfunction by alleviating inflammation and increasing muscle glucose uptake

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