Effect of Prenatal Administration of Therapeutic Dose of Topiramate on Placentae Albino Rats' Fetuses

Abstract

Objective: Topiramate is an antiepileptic drug (AED) used for the treatment of partial seizure in adult and children epileptic patients. It passed through the placenta causing a birth defect. However, little literature focused on placental alteration due to the administration of topiramate during pregnancy. So, applying different predictive parameters; placental weight, histopathological (Haematoxylin and Eosin), histochemical (periodic acid Schiff’s) and immunohistochemistry (Caspase-3).Methods: Topiramate was orally administrated to the pregnant rats with dose 100 mg/kg rats from 5th to 19th day of gestation. The dam’s undergone hysterectomy and the placentae were weighted and stained by Haematoxylin and Eosin, periodic acid Schiff’s and Caspase-3. Results: The study indicated that there is statistically significant (P<0.05) increase in the treated placental weight (0.4717±0.03788) compared with control group (0.5208±0.02930). Also, the light microscopic examination of the placental specimens using Haematoxylin and Eosin staining revealed that an alteration in both basal and labyrinth zone. Apoptotic feature in spongiotrophoblast and trophoblasts is detected. Positive Periodic acid Schiff’s reaction for polysaccharides in the topiramate-treated group. Caspase-3 is showing apoptotic cells in the trophoblast layer.Conclusion: Long-term daily use of topiramate during pregnancy can lead to obvious pathological histotoxic effects in layers of placenta tissues which may be implicated in cognitive affection. Various effects of topiramate necessitate further investigations.

Self‐Assembly and Biorecognition of a Spirohydantoin Derived from α‐Tetralone: Interplay between Chirality and Intermolecular Interactions

“…According to this rule, a molecule will not be orally active if it violates two or more rules. [15] Drug-likeness of the studied compound was evaluated through the Rule of five and its extensions that define a boundaries for pharmacologically active compound, i.e., the Ghose criterion (160 ≤ MW ≤ 480; −0.4 ≤ WlogP ≤ 5.6; 40 ≤ molar refraction (Rm) ≤ 130; 20 ≤ number of atoms (NA) ≤ 70), Egan's criterion (WlogP ≤ 5.88; topological polar surface area (TPSA) ≤ 131.6 Å 2 ) [16] and Veber's criterion (number of rotatable bonds (NRB) ≤ 10; TPSA ≤ 140 Å 2 and total NHB(D) and NHB(A)≤ 12)) [17] using Molinspiration, [18] Swissadme, [19] and Swissdock. [20] The studied compound passed all these in silico models (Table 2) and had properties that would make it likely orally active.…”

Intranasal Topiramate Polymeric Nanoparticles for Epilepsy: In Vitro and Ex-Vivo Investigation

“…It is used as a prophylactic against migraine headaches, psychiatric disorders, and obesity. Topiramate is also used in children for the treatment of refractory partial seizures with or without secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures [17,18]. Topiramate is only available in oral dosage form and no intranasal formulation is been studied (Product information: TOPAMAXTM.…”

Expression of Transforming Growth Factor Alpha Bamhi and Rsai Gene Variants Associated With Non-Syndromic Cleft Palate of Indonesian Subjects Using Polymerase Chain Reaction Method

“…The sex distribution in the two is different, for example, with CL/P being more common in males and CPO more commonly found in females. It is likely, however, that some common signals may affect the formation of both the primary and secondary palate, even though they are embryo-logically distinct [6]. The secondary palate in human begins to develop early in the 6 th week from the two palatal shelves, which extend from internal aspects of the maxillary prominences [7].…”