Effect of presynchronization strategy before Ovsynch on fertility at first service in lactating dairy cows

Gümen, Ahmet; Keskin, Ahmet; Yılmazbaş-Meci̇toğlu, G.; Karakaya, Ebru; Alkan, Ali; Okut, Hayrettin; Wiltbank, Milo C.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.07.021

Cited by 41 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Although insemination of cows with increased activity after presynchronization decreased average days to first AI (Table 1), it may also decrease or eliminate the effect of presynchronization on P/AI. Our results in which cows submitted to a Presynch-Ovsynch protocol and TAI had more P/AI compared with cows inseminated to increased activity after presynchronization agree with those of Gumen et al (2012) but do not agree with others who reported no difference in P/ AI based on whether or not cows were inseminated to estrus after the second PGF 2α injection of a Presynch-Ovsynch protocol (Stevenson and Phatak, 2005;. Neves et al (2012) reported that overall reproductive performance was similar between cows inseminated to increased activity versus TAI using the same activity-monitoring system used in the present experiment, but that differences in reproductive performance did occur among herds.…”

Section: Ai Service Rate and P/aisupporting

confidence: 87%

Reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows managed for first service using timed artificial insemination with or without detection of estrus using an activity-monitoring system

Fricke

Giordano²,

Valenza

et al. 2014

Journal of Dairy Science

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Lactating dairy cows (n=1,025) on a commercial dairy farm were randomly assigned at 10 ± 3 d in milk (DIM) to 1 of 3 treatments for submitting cows to first artificial insemination (AI) and were fitted with activity-monitoring tags (Heatime; SCR Engineers Ltd., Netanya, Israel) at 24 ± 3 DIM. Cows (n=339) in treatment 1 were inseminated based on increased activity from the end of the voluntary waiting period (50 DIM) until submission to an Ovsynch protocol; cows without increased activity from 21 to 65 DIM began an Ovsynch protocol at 65 ± 3 DIM, whereas cows without increased activity from 21 to 50 DIM but not from 51 to 79 DIM began an Ovsynch protocol at 79 ± 3 DIM. Cows (n=340) in treatment 2 were inseminated based on activity after the second PGF2α injection of a Presynch-Ovsynch protocol at 50 DIM, and cows without increased activity began an Ovsynch protocol at 65 ± 3 DIM. Cows (n=346) in treatment 3 were monitored for activity after the second PGF2α injection of a Presynch-Ovsynch protocol, but all cows received timed AI (TAI) at 75 ± 3 DIM after completing the Presynch-Ovsynch protocol. The activity-monitoring system detected increased activity in 56, 69, and 70% of cows in treatments 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Treatment-2 cows had the fewest average days to first AI (62.5), treatment-3 cows had the most average days to first AI (74.9), and treatment-1 cows had intermediate average days to first AI (67.4). Treatment-1 and -2 cows in which inseminations occurred as a combination between increased activity and TAI had fewer overall pregnancies per AI (P/AI) 35 d after AI (32% for both treatments) compared with treatment-3 cows, all of which received TAI after completing the Presynch-Ovsynch protocol (40%). Based on survival analysis, although the rate at which cows were inseminated differed among treatments, treatment did not affect the proportion of cows pregnant by 300 DIM. Thus, use of an activity-monitoring system to inseminate cows based on activity reduced days to first AI, whereas cows receiving 100% TAI after completing a Presynch-Ovsynch protocol had more P/AI. The trade-off between AI service rate and P/AI in the rate at which cows became pregnant was supported by an economic analysis in which the net present value ($/cow per year) differed by only $4 to $8 among treatments. We conclude that a variety of strategies using a combination of AI based on increased activity using an activity-monitoring system and synchronization of ovulation and TAI can be used to submit cows for first AI.

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Section: Ai Service Rate and P/aisupporting

confidence: 87%

Reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows managed for first service using timed artificial insemination with or without detection of estrus using an activity-monitoring system

Fricke

Giordano²,

Valenza

et al. 2014

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…These 3 fertility programs increase P/AI compared with AI following estrus (Gumen et al, 2012) and other synchronization programs (Bello et al, 2006;Galvão et al, 2007;Souza et al, 2008) primarily because they synchronize a greater percentage of cows on d 6 or 7 of the estrous cycle to increase the chances of ovulation to the first GnRH of Ovsynch (Vasconcelos et al, 1999;Bello et al, 2006). Cows that ovulate to the first GnRH of Ovsynch have a greater chance for pregnancy (Bello et al, 2006;Chebel et al, 2006;Keskin et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presynch-10/11, for example, is designed to synchronize cows to d 6 to 8 of the cycle because most cycling cows will be in estrus 3 to 4 d following the second PGF 2α if they respond to the second injection of PGF 2α. These programs successfully improve reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows following first service compared with cows inseminated following estrus (Strickland et al, 2010;Gumen et al, 2012;Jimenez-Krassel et al, 2012) and might be referred to as "fertility programs for lactating dairy cows" (Wiltbank and Pursley, 2014;Fricke, 2016). Yet, fertility programs can be logistically challenging because of the number of injections and the possibility for compliance problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of presynchronization with prostaglandin F2α and gonadotropin-releasing hormone simultaneously, 7 d before Ovsynch, compared with Presynch-10/Ovsynch on luteal function and first-service pregnancies per artificial insemination

Martins

Acevedo

Cunha

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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Pregnancy per artificial insemination (P/AI) following Ovsynch is optimized when cows ovulate to the first GnRH of Ovsynch. Fertility programs are designed to presynchronize cows to d 6 or 7 of the estrous cycle to increase the chances of ovulation of a first-wave dominant follicle to the first GnRH of Ovsynch. The hypothesis of this experiment was that simplification of a presynchronization program through the combination of PGF and GnRH on the same day, 7 d before Ovsynch, would allow for similar P/AI compared with Presynch-10. Lactating dairy cows (n = 432) 41 to 47 d in milk (DIM) were randomly assigned to 2 treatments within parities for first service. Control cows received Presynch-10/Ovsynch consisting of the following: PGF-14 d-PGF-10 d-GnRH-7 d-PGF-56 h-GnRH-16 h-AI. Treated cows received PGF and GnRH-7 d-GnRH-7 d-PGF-56 h-GnRH-16 h-AI. All cows received a supplemental injection of PGF 24 h after the PGF of Ovsynch to enhance complete luteolysis. All cows received timed AI between 75 and 81 DIM. Blood was collected to assess circulating concentrations of progesterone (P4), and the number and size of corpora lutea (CL) were recorded using ultrasonography on day of PGF of Ovsynch. The administration of PGF simultaneously with GnRH and 7 d before Ovsynch (PG+G) had similar P/AI at 28 (46 vs. 48%), 35 (43 vs. 43%), 49 (39 vs. 39%), and 77 d post-AI (38 vs. 39%) compared with Presynch-10. No differences were observed in P/AI in primiparous versus multiparous cows at 28 (52 vs. 45%), 35 (48 vs. 41%), 49 (45 vs. 37%), and 77 d post-AI (43 vs. 36%). No difference existed between treatments in percentage of cows with functional CL at PGF of Ovsynch, total luteal area (mm), or serum concentrations of P4 at time of PGF of Ovsynch, regardless of parity. Number of CL had a tendency to be greater for multiparous PG+G vs. Presynch-10 cows (2.34 ± 0.09 vs. 2.15 ± 0.08) but not in primiparous cows (1.95 ± 0.10 vs. 1.98 ± 0.11). In summary, administering both PGF and GnRH on the same day, 7 d before the start of Ovsynch, appears to be a simple and effective alternative to Presynch-10 Ovsynch.

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“…More recently, perhaps because of the acceptance that timed AI results in similar or even better fertility to that observed in cows inseminated after detected oestrus, particularly at the first postpartum AI (Gümen et al, 2012), timed AI programmes have also been used to improve insemination rates in pasture-based herds. In fact, implementing timed AI protocols for the first AI in the breeding season improved P/AI compared with insemination following detected oestrus (McDougall, 2010b;Herlihy et al, 2011), and the benefits were observed in cyclic and anovular cows (McDougall, 2010b).…”

Section: Use Of Timed Ai Protocols In Grazing Dairy Farmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronisation of ovulation for management of reproduction in dairy cows

Bisinotto

Ribeiro²,

Santos³

2014

Animal

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Important developments have occurred in the last two decades, since the advent of the Ovsynch protocol, on the understanding and use of synchronisation programmes for management of reproduction in dairy herds. This better understanding of oestrus cycle control associated with suboptimal reproductive performance in dairy herds has led dairy producers to quickly adopt timed artificial insemination (AI) protocols. Recent surveys have documented that fixed-time AI has become an important component of management of reproduction in high-producing herds. Furthermore, timed AI protocols have also demonstrated benefits in pasture-based milk production systems because of the ability to increase insemination rate. In general, successful use of the Ovsynch protocol requires some fundamental physiological principles to be respected, including: induction of ovulation to synchronise follicle growth in the first 2 days of the programme such that a young antral follicle is recruited; maintenance of high concentrations of progesterone during the development of the ovulatory follicle, but also effectively lyse the corpus luteum to result in very low concentration of progesterone at AI; and having a healthy pre-ovulatory follicle of moderate diameter that is highly oestrogenic and responsive to gonadotropins to synchronously ovulate 12 to 18 h after insemination. Current methods oestrous and ovulation synchronisation are still not optimal and future improvements will likely require new technologies for hormone formulation and delivery such that additional interventions are minimised to maintain acceptance by producers.Keywords: dairy cow, reproduction, synchronisation, timed AI ImplicationsConsolidation of the dairy industry with constant increase in herd size has generated the need for systematic programmes to manage reproduction. The advent of synchronisation of ovulation protocols that secure artificial insemination at a pre-established time with adequate fertility has become an integral component of breeding management in multiple production systems. The better understanding of ovarian biology of dairy cows with improved control of follicle growth and luteal lifespan has resulted in refinement of these programmes in the last two decades, providing unique opportunities to manipulate follicle development, improve oocyte quality and enhance embryo survival. IntroductionReproductive management in dairy farms has markedly evolved in the past 20 years to a great extent because of the development of synchronisation programmes that allow for fixed-time artificial insemination (AI). Early research on control of follicle development and corpus luteum (CL) lifespan aimed to develop systems that synchronise follicle growth, luteolysis and finally ovulation at a predictable time such that timed AI could be performed to optimise fertility in cattle (Thatcher et al., 1996). Initial work studying the control of follicular wave with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by Macmillan and Thatcher (1991) paved the way for the development of the O...

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Effect of presynchronization strategy before Ovsynch on fertility at first service in lactating dairy cows

Cited by 41 publications

References 26 publications

Reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows managed for first service using timed artificial insemination with or without detection of estrus using an activity-monitoring system

Reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows managed for first service using timed artificial insemination with or without detection of estrus using an activity-monitoring system

The effect of presynchronization with prostaglandin F2α and gonadotropin-releasing hormone simultaneously, 7 d before Ovsynch, compared with Presynch-10/Ovsynch on luteal function and first-service pregnancies per artificial insemination

Synchronisation of ovulation for management of reproduction in dairy cows

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