Effect of prey concentrations and salinized water on initial development of Pyrrhulina brevis (Steindachner, 1876), an Amazonian ornamental fish

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different prey concentrations (50; 100; 150 and 200 artemia nauplii post-larvae-1 day-1) and salinized water (0; 1 and 2 g L-1) on larviculture of Pyrrhulina brevis, an Amazonian ornamental fish. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 4x3 factorial design, with three replicates. A total of 360 post-larvae were randomly distributed in 36 aquariums (1L), to 10 post-larvae L-1. At the end of the experimental period (15 days) the post-larvae were measured, weighed and counted. No interaction was identified between the prey concentrations and salinized water for all evaluated parameters. The best growth results, both for length and weight, were observed in the post-larvae that received 150 and 200 artemia nauplii post-larvae-1 day-1, while the lower survival rate was observed in post-larvae fed 50 and 100 artemia nauplii post-larvae-1 day-1. The final length and length gain were higher when the post-larvae were reared in salinized water at 1 and 2 g L-1, while the final weight, weight gain and specific growth rate were higher in post-larvae submitted to 1 g L-1 of salinized water. The uniformity of the batch for weight and length of the fish showed no significant difference, independent of the prey concentrations and salinized water used. Thus, the supply of 150 artemia nauplii post-larvae-1 day-1 in salinized water at 1 g L-1 is recommended during the first fed of Pyrrhulina brevis.

Effect of feeding frequency and water salinization on early development of Pyrrhulina brevis, an Amazonian ornamental fish

“…In the present study, post-larvae subjected to salinized water of 1 g L -1 had the best values for final length and weight, length and weight gain, and specific growth rate for length and weight, when compared to fish kept in non-salinized water or water salinized at 2 g L -1 . Similarly, other studies that tested the effect of water salinization on post-larvae of P. brevis obtained best production parameters at 1 g L -1 (Oliveira et al 2020) and at 2 g L -1 (Abe et al 2015), although the latter did not test concentrations lower than 2 g L -1 and neither of the two studies related the salinized water with the feeding frequency of the fish. The use of salinized water at concentrations higher than 2 g L -1 also resulted in negative effects on growth and survival of post-larvae of Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816), Brycon amazonicus (Spix and Agassiz, 1829), Astronotus ocellatus (Agassiz, 1831) (Jamori et al 2013), Hypsolebias radiseriatus Costa, 2012 (Araújo et al 2021), Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Luz et al 2013) and Brycon vonoi Lima, 2017(Coraspe-Amaral et al 2017.…”

“…However, it is important to control the daily food supply so that it can be used more efficiently by the post-larvae. Lack of food is harmful to the development of fish, and excess results in an unfavorable cost-benefit relation to the producer, as manpower for Artemia nauplii processing and fish feeding is a considerable part of larvicultuure expenses, and is harmful for the post-larvae, since excess food can decrease water quality (Oliveira et al 2020).…”

“…Since P. brevis is an ornamental Amazonian fish that reproduces easily under captive conditions and has a promising consumer market, it is important to optimize protocols for the production of young forms, such as the best way to offer live food and to salinize the water to reduce stress and increase the viability of Artemia nauplii used as live food. Other studies have already evaluated the use of salinized water (Abe et al 2015), prey concentrations (Oliveira et al 2020) and feed deprivation cycles (Abe et al 2021) for P. brevis. However, no study so far has tested the interaction of the water salinization level with the feeding frequency for this species.…”

Aspectos Econômico Da Piscicultura Na Amazônia Brasileira

“…Além disso, meios ligeiramente salinizados otimizam o aproveitamento dos náuplios de Artemia (LOPES et al, 1996;JOMORI et al, 2012), pois a salinização da água de criação possibilitaque os microcrustáceos permaneçam vivos por mais tempo. Água contendo 1 g L -1 de sal é recomendada durante a alimentação inicial de pirrulina pintada com náuplios de Artemia (OLIVEIRA et al, 2020a). Para larvicultura do oscar(Astronotusocellatus) (JOMORI et al, 2013) e do acará bandeira (EIRAS et al, 2019), 2 e 4 g L -1 de sal foram recomendados, respectivamente.…”

Effects of temperature and live prey concentration on Colossoma macropomum larviculture

“…El sistema digestivo de las larvas de peces todavía se encuentra en desarrollo (26,27) y tiene una gran dificultad para asimilar nutrientes de dietas comerciales (13,28), lo que hace necesario utilizar organismos vivos como alimento para permitir un crecimiento adecuado durante los primeros días de cultivo (29,30). La concentración de presas al comienzo de la alimentación diaria es importante en la larvicultura intensiva (31), ya que, cuando es satisfactoria, puede maximizar el crecimiento (32,33,34,35,36) y la supervivencia (19,36). El alimento vivo insuficiente puede afectar directamente el crecimiento y la supervivencia de los peces, principalmente debido a disputas entre individuos (13,34), lo que conduce a problemas como el canibalismo y la heterogeneidad del lote.…”