Effect of Prior Antibiotic Treatment on Blood Culture in an Outpatient Department of General Internal Medicine: A Retrospective Case–Control Analysis

Hirosawa, Takanobu; Sakamoto, Tetsu; Hanai, Shogo; Harada, Yukinori; Shimizu, Taro

doi:10.2147/ijgm.s416235

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…In the present study, only 29 (40.3%) of 72 patients were positive by BC, which is a higher positivity rate than reported in previous studies (Hirosawa et al, 2023). As a possible explanation for the higher detection rate, the cohort of the present study was limited to patients with highly suspected BSIs and positive mNGS results.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Performance of next-generation sequencing for diagnosis of blood infections by Klebsiella pneumoniae

Wang,

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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ObjectiveKlebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) bloodstream infections (BSI) can be a life-threatening opportunistic infection. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for Kp BSI.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 72 patients suspected with bloodstream infection and mNGS Kp positive in peripheral blood, who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023. Clinical data and laboratory parameters were collected. All patients had blood drawn and other samples for blood mNGS, blood cultures (BC) and other cultures (OC). The accuracy of mNGS results was analyzed according to infection site, clinical indicators, therapeutic effect and routine culture results. The detection of pathogenic microorganisms by blood mNGS and routine culture was compared.ResultsAmong 72 infection patients, 29 cases (40.28%) were BC positive, 43 cases (59.72%) were other culture (OC) positive, 16 cases (22.22%) were both BC and OC positive, 56 cases were positive for both mNGS and routine culture. Among the 56 double-positive cases, mNGS and conventional cultures were completely consistent in 27 cases, partially consistent in 15 cases, and completely inconsistent in 14 cases. Using the clinical diagnosis as the reference standard, There were 51 cases consistent with the results of mNGS with Kp BSI, the clinical consistency was 70.83% (51/72). The coincidence rate of mNGS and clinical diagnosis was higher than that of BC (54.17%, 39/72), indicating a statistically significant difference between the two methods (P<0.01).ConclusionsCurrent evidence indicates that mNGS exhibits excellent accuracy for the diagnosis of Kp BSI. Although it cannot replace blood culture detection technology, it can be used as a supplement to provide stronger diagnostic capabilities for BSI and optimize treatment.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Performance of next-generation sequencing for diagnosis of blood infections by Klebsiella pneumoniae

Wang,

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Rapid and robust identification of sepsis using SeptiCyte RAPID in a heterogenous patient population

Balk,

Esper,

Martin

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background/ObjectiveSeptiCyte RAPID is a transcriptional host response assay that discriminates between sepsis and non-infectious systemic inflammation (SIRS) with a one-hour turnaround time. The overall performance of this test in a cohort of 419 patients has recently been described [Balk et al., J Clin Med 2024, 13, 1194]. In this study we present results from a detailed stratification analysis in which SeptiCyte RAPID performance was evaluated in the same cohort across patient groups and subgroups encompassing different demographics, comorbidities and disease, sources and types of pathogens, interventional treatments, and clinically defined phenotypes. The aims were to identify variables that might affect the ability of SeptiCyte RAPID to discriminate between sepsis and SIRS, and to determine if any patient subgroups appeared to present a diagnostic challenge for the test.Methods1) Subgroup analysis, with subgroups defined by individual demographic or clinical variables, using conventional statistical comparison tests. 2) Principal component analysis and k-means clustering analysis, to investigate phenotypic subgroups defined by unique combinations of demographic and clinical variables.ResultsNo significant differences in SeptiCyte RAPID performance were observed between most groups and subgroups. One notable exception involved an enhanced SeptiCyte RAPID performance for a phenotypic subgroup defined by a combination of clinical variables suggesting a septic shock response.ConclusionsWe conclude that for this patient cohort SeptiCyte RAPID performance was largely unaffected by key variables associated with heterogeneity in patients suspected of sepsis.

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Rapid and Robust Identification of Sepsis Using SeptiCyte RAPID in a Heterogeneous Patient Population

Balk,

Esper,

Martin

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background/Objective: SeptiCyte RAPID is a transcriptional host response assay that discriminates between sepsis and non-infectious systemic inflammation (SIRS) with a one-hour turnaround time. The overall performance of this test in a cohort of 419 patients has recently been described [Balk et al., J Clin Med 2024, 13, 1194]. In this study, we present the results from a detailed stratification analysis in which SeptiCyte RAPID performance was evaluated in the same cohort across patient groups and subgroups encompassing different demographics, comorbidities and disease, sources and types of pathogens, interventional treatments, and clinically defined phenotypes. The aims were to identify variables that might affect the ability of SeptiCyte RAPID to discriminate between sepsis and SIRS and to determine if any patient subgroups appeared to present a diagnostic challenge for the test. Methods: (1) Subgroup analysis, with subgroups defined by individual demographic or clinical variables, using conventional statistical comparison tests. (2) Principal component analysis and k-means clustering analysis to investigate phenotypic subgroups defined by unique combinations of demographic and clinical variables. Results: No significant differences in SeptiCyte RAPID performance were observed between most groups and subgroups. One notable exception involved an enhanced SeptiCyte RAPID performance for a phenotypic subgroup defined by a combination of clinical variables suggesting a septic shock response. Conclusions: We conclude that for this patient cohort, SeptiCyte RAPID performance was largely unaffected by key variables associated with heterogeneity in patients suspected of sepsis.

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Effect of Prior Antibiotic Treatment on Blood Culture in an Outpatient Department of General Internal Medicine: A Retrospective Case–Control Analysis

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Performance of next-generation sequencing for diagnosis of blood infections by Klebsiella pneumoniae

Performance of next-generation sequencing for diagnosis of blood infections by Klebsiella pneumoniae

Rapid and robust identification of sepsis using SeptiCyte RAPID in a heterogenous patient population

Rapid and Robust Identification of Sepsis Using SeptiCyte RAPID in a Heterogeneous Patient Population

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