Effect of processing parameters and graphite content on the tribological behaviour of 3D printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene

Abstract

3D printing is nowadays used not only to rapidly produce prototypes, but is further applied for the fabrication of functional parts. Amongst other factors, processing parameters such as scaffolding angle and raster gap greatly affect the behaviour of such printed parts. Little attention has been given so far to the tribological behaviour of such prints. In this study the above mentioned parameters on the friction behaviour, in terms of friction coefficient and wear rate, is investigated. For this purpose the Fused Deposition Modelling is used as one of state of the art 3D printing methods. Graphite flakes were further added to the reference acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) matrix in an attempt to enhance the properties. Results show that the scaffolding angle only affects the behaviour, if a positive printing gap is appliedwhen a negative gap is used, the angle has no significant effect on properties. Maximum coefficient of friction at acceptable values of specific wear rates can be attained at a scaffolding angle of 90°with negative gap. The incorporation of graphite further increases the friction coefficient on the expense of reduced wear properties. Keywords: Fused Deposition Modelling / friction coefficient / specific wear rates / graphite flakes Heute wird die 3-D-Drucktechnologie nicht nur zur schnellen Herstellung von Prototypen eingesetzt, sondern unter anderem auch um Funktionsbauteile zu fertigen. Unter anderem spielen Prozessparameter, wie z. B. Druckwinkel und Rasterspalt eine entscheidende Rolle und beeinflussen das Verhalten der gedruckten Teile. Bislang wird in der Literatur wenig über das tribologische Verhalten solcher 3D Bauteile berichtet. In dieser Studie wird die Wirkung der oben genannten Parameter auf das Abriebverhalten, anhand von Reibungskoeffizient und Verschleißrate untersucht. Hierzu wird das Fused Deposition Modelling als eines der modernen 3D-Druckverfahren herangezogen. Bei dem Versuch das Reibungsverhalten zu verbessern, wurde dem Ausgangsmaterial Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol (ABS) Lammellengraphit zugegeben. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der Druckwinkel nur bei positivem Rasterspalt eine Rolle spieltbei einem negativen Spalt, scheint der Winkel keinen signifikanten Einfluss zu haben. Maximale Reibwerte bei moderatem Verschleiß konnten bei einem Druckwinkel von 90°und negativem Spalt festgestellt werden. Der Zusatz von Graphit erhöhte maßgeblich den Reibungskoeffizienten, allerdings auf Kosten verringerter Verschleißeigenschaften.

Effect of Printing Parameters on Tensile, Dynamic Mechanical, and Thermoelectric Properties of FDM 3D Printed CABS/ZnO Composites

“…Besides its high thermal stability, ZnO has a higher Seebeck coefficient of −85 μV/K, in comparison to ABS and CABS [ 10 , 11 ]. Furthermore, ZnO particles are relatively easy to disperse as compared to other inorganic particles, such as aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) [ 12 ]. Considering the above-mentioned reasons, CABS/ZnO composite has huge potential as an effective TE material candidate.…”

Tribological properties of 3D printed components

“…Wykazano istotny wpływ obciążenia i orientacji struktury na zużycie oraz obciążenia, orientacji struktury i prędkości poślizgu na współczynnik tarcia. Wyniki badań wpływu parametrów druku 3D oraz zawartości grafitu w ABS na właściwości tribologiczne przedstawiono w [3], w testach na aparacie pin-on-disc własnej konstrukcji przy współpracy z tarczą z żeliwa szarego. Zaobserwowano wzrost oporów ruchu wraz ze wzrostem zawartości grafitu w ABS oraz fakt, że dodatek grafitu powoduje zwiększenie (nieliniowo) zużycia próbek ABS w stosunku do czystej osnowy termoplastycznej.…”

“…The significant influence of load and orientation of the structure on wear and loads, the orientation of the structure and sliding velocity on the coefficient of friction was demonstrated. The results of the research on the influence of 3D printing parameters and graphite content in ABS on tribological properties are presented in [3], in tests on a pin-on-disc apparatus in friction on a gray cast iron disc. An increase in resistance to the motion was observed along with the increase of graphite content in ABS and the fact that the addition of graphite increases (non-linearly) the wear of ABS samples in relation to a pure thermoplastic matrix.…”

Study and Analysis of Process Parameters for Silicone Rubber Mold

“…New products must be more quickly and cheaply developed, manufactured and introduced to the market due to the pressure of global competition. The 3D printing technology [1,2] has been developed for reducing the product development time and cost of manufacturing. However, the features of the prototype do not usually meet the need of the end product with the required material.…”