Effect of Prolactin on the Population of Epithelial Cells From Ventral Prostate of Intact and Cyproterone Acetate‐Treated Peripubertal Rats: Stereological and Immunohistochemical Study

Gómez, Vicente; Ingelmo, Ildefonso; Martı́n, Rocı́o; Codesal, J.; Rodríguez, Rosario; Pozuelo, José Manuel; Santamarı́a, Luis

doi:10.1002/ar.20879

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This is in line with the results by Gómez et al [49], who showed that chemical castration induced by cyproterone acetate treatment during prepubertal period did not affect cell proliferation and apoptosis. Therefore, it is likely that effects of androgenic blockade during prepubertal period on cell proliferation and apoptosis are transient and are not maintained in adult boar prostate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Androgen Signaling Disruption during Fetal and Postnatal Development Affects Androgen Receptor and Connexin 43 Expression and Distribution in Adult Boar Prostate

Hejmej

Gorowska

Kotula–Balak

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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To date, limited knowledge exists regarding the role of the androgen signaling during specific periods of development in the regulation of androgen receptor (AR) and connexin 43 (Cx43) in adult prostate. Therefore, in this study we examined mRNA and protein expression, and tissue distribution of AR and Cx43 in adult boar prostates following fetal (GD20), neonatal (PD2), and prepubertal (PD90) exposure to an antiandrogen flutamide (50 mg/kg bw). In GD20 and PD2 males we found the reduction of the luminal compartment, inflammatory changes, decreased AR and increased Cx43 expression, and altered localization of both proteins. Moreover, enhanced apoptosis and reduced proliferation were detected in the prostates of these animals. In PD90 males the alterations were less evident, except that Cx43 expression was markedly upregulated. The results presented herein indicate that in boar androgen action during early fetal and neonatal periods plays a key role in the maintenance of normal phenotype and functions of prostatic cells at adulthood. Furthermore, we demonstrated that modulation of Cx43 expression in the prostate could serve as a sensitive marker of hormonal disruption during different developmental stages.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Androgen Signaling Disruption during Fetal and Postnatal Development Affects Androgen Receptor and Connexin 43 Expression and Distribution in Adult Boar Prostate

Hejmej

Gorowska

Kotula–Balak

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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“…Thus these authors proposed that prolactin induced lateral prostatic growth by increasing nuclear AR levels optimizing prostatic response to circulating testosterone. Gomés and coworkers showed an increase in the number of ARpositive cells after treatment with prolactin in non-castrated rats (Gómez et al 2009). Despite the divergent data in the literature, our results pointed out that in the absence of T, prolactin per se is not able to modulate AR expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prostate response to prolactin modulation in adult castrated rats subjected to testosterone replacement

et al. 2017

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Despite the androgenic dependence, other hormones, growth factors, and cytokines are necessary to support prostatic growth and maintain the glandular structure; among them, prolactin is a non-steroidal hormone secreted mainly by the pituitary gland. However, extra-pituitary expression of prolactin, such as in the prostate, has also been demonstrated, highlighting the paracrine and autocrine actions of prolactin within the prostate. Here, we investigated whether prolactin modulation alters ventral prostate (VP) morphophysiology in adult castrated rats. Sprague Dawley rats were castrated and after 21 days, divided into ten experimental groups (n = 6/group): castrated control: castrated animals that did not receive treatment; castrated+testosterone: castrated animals that received T (4 mg/kg/day); castrated+PRL (PRL): castrated animals receiving prolactin (0.3 mg/kg/day); castrated+T+PRL: castrated animals that received a combination of testosterone and prolactin; and castrated+bromocriptine (BR): castrated animals that received bromocriptine (0.4 mg/kg/day). The control group included intact animals. The animals were treated for 3 or 10 consecutive days. At the end of experimental period, the animals were euthanized, and the blood and VP lobes were collected and analyzed by different methods. The main findings were that the administration of prolactin to castrated rats did not exert anabolic effects on the VP. Although we observed activation of downstream prolactin signaling after prolactin administration, this was not enough to overcome the prostatic androgen deficiency. Likewise, there was no additional glandular involution in the castrated group treated with bromocriptine. We concluded that despite stimulating the downstream signaling pathway, exogenous prolactin does not act on VP in the absence or presence of high levels of testosterone.

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“…injected for 28 days. The doses of the treatments were based on previous studies reporting the antioxidant actions of the agents (Kumral et al, 2014;Reddy, 2009;Zheng et al, 2004;Wang et al, 2013;Gómez et al, 2009;Mansouri et al, 2013). Following the 28-day treatment period, epileptic seizure was induced by a single-dose of PTZ (45 mg kg −1 ), while the tap water-given control group was injected with saline.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oestrogen receptor ERα and ERβ agonists ameliorate oxidative brain injury and improve memory dysfunction in rats with an epileptic seizure

Koyuncuoğlu

Tamer

Erzik

et al. 2019

Experimental Physiology

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New Findings What is the central question of this study?Could different hormonally active substances, including oestrogen receptor (ER) agonists, protect against oxidative brain damage and memory impairment induced by a single epileptic seizure in rats? If so, which signalling mechanisms are involved in their anti‐inflammatory effects? What is the main finding and its importance?Chronic administration of oestrogen, progesterone, ER modulators/agonists or blockade of testosterone exhibited anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant actions on single seizure‐induced neuronal injury, while ER agonists additionally improved memory function and up‐regulated CREB signalling and hippocampal GABA(A)α1 receptor density, suggesting that ERα or ERβ receptor activation may be beneficial in protecting against seizure‐related oxidative brain injury and cognitive dysfunction. Abstract The susceptibility to epileptic seizures is dependent on sex as well as fluctuations in oestrogen levels, while exogenous oestrogen was shown to have no effect or to facilitate or to inhibit seizure activity. Oestrogen receptors (ERs) mediate antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory actions in several inflammatory models, but the involvement of ERs in seizure‐induced neuronal injury has not been evaluated previously. In order to assess the effects of resveratrol, progesterone, oestradiol (E2), an anti‐testosterone (cyproterone acetate; CPA), a selective ER modulator (tamoxifen; TMX) and ERα/ERβ agonists (propyl pyrazole triol (PPT), diarylpropionitrile (DPN)) on oxidative brain damage and memory impairment due to epileptic seizure, male Wistar rats (n = 120) received one of the treatment choices either in drinking water or intraperitoneally for 31 days, and epileptic seizure was induced on the 28th day by injection of a single‐dose of pentylenetetrazole (45 mg kg−1). The results demonstrate that chronic pretreatment with resveratrol, progesterone, E2, CPA or TMX suppressed most of the inflammatory parameters indicative of oxidative neuronal injury, while treatment with the ER agonists DPN or PPT were found to be even more effective in limiting the oxidative damage. Treatment with DPN resulted in the up‐regulation of cAMP response element‐binding protein (CREB) and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, while PPT up‐regulated expression of CREB without affecting BDNF levels. Moreover, both ER agonists provided protection against seizure‐induced memory loss with a concomitant increase in hippocampal GABA(A)α1‐positive cells. In conclusion, ER agonists, and more specifically ERβ agonist, appear to provide maximum protection against seizure‐induced oxidative brain injury and associated memory dysfunction by up‐regulating the expression of CREB, BDNF and GABA(A)α1 receptors.

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Effect of Prolactin on the Population of Epithelial Cells From Ventral Prostate of Intact and Cyproterone Acetate‐Treated Peripubertal Rats: Stereological and Immunohistochemical Study

Cited by 7 publications

References 55 publications

Androgen Signaling Disruption during Fetal and Postnatal Development Affects Androgen Receptor and Connexin 43 Expression and Distribution in Adult Boar Prostate

Androgen Signaling Disruption during Fetal and Postnatal Development Affects Androgen Receptor and Connexin 43 Expression and Distribution in Adult Boar Prostate

The prostate response to prolactin modulation in adult castrated rats subjected to testosterone replacement

Oestrogen receptor ERα and ERβ agonists ameliorate oxidative brain injury and improve memory dysfunction in rats with an epileptic seizure

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