Effect of Propolis Preparations on Transepithelial Electrical Potential, Resistance, and Ion Transport in In Vitro Study

Abstract

Background Propolis and its ethanol extract show positive germicidal, bacteriostatic, and anti-inflammatory antioxidants and regenerative properties after use on the surface of the skin. Propolis is in common use in production of cosmetics and in folk medicine. The influence of this resinous mixture on ion channels, channels located in skin cells membranes and skin electrical resistance, was not explained. Objective The main aim of the study was the evaluation of electrophysiological skin parameters during mechanical and chemical-mechanical stimulation after use of ethanol extract of propolis and propolis ointment in comparison with iso-osmotic Ringer solution. Methods Skin fragments were taken from white New Zealand rabbits and distributed into three experimental groups which were incubated in ethanol extract of propolis (EEP), propolis ointment, and Ringer solution. Then they were placed in a Ussing chamber to measure electrophysiological parameters values. Results In this study the influence of EEP on changes in value of electrical potential during block of chloride ions transport at the same time was observed. Ethanol propolis extract dissolved in water increases the transepidermal sodium ions transport in contrast to propolis ointment. Conclusion The way of preparation cosmetics, which contain propolis, has effects on transepidermal ions transport in the rabbit's skin. The value of skin electrical resistance is changing with penetration depth of active propolis substances contained in cosmetics.

Determination of Total Phenolics, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant Activity and GC-MS Analysis of Malaysian Stingless Bee Propolis Water Extracts

“…Propolis is generally made up of 50% resinous substances, 30% wax, 10% essential oils, 5% pollens, and 5% minor constituents such as impurities, amino acids, soils, and dead bees. e propolis extracts are known to contain numerous beneficial chemical compounds and biological activities that can be utilised in sectors such as pharmaceutical and health for their antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant activities, and many more [1,2]. It has been observed that honey bees mostly construct their nests or combs using waxes, unlike stingless bees, which often build their nests using plant resins collected or propolis.…”