Effect of Protein Source and Soluble Carbohydrate Addition on Rumen Fermentation and Lactation Performance of Holstein Cows

McCormick, Michael E.; Redfearn, Daren D.; Ward, J D; Blouin, David C.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(01)74604-8

Cited by 43 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Due to the rapid fermentation of sugars relative to the other carbohydrate fractions, rumen pH is expected to be lower for diets containing sugars. Many studies in the literature have shown that rumen pH is not affected when dietary starch sources are partly replaced by sucrose (Stensig et al, 1998;Khezri et al, 2009;McCormick et al, 2001) or lactose (DeFrain et al, 2004). Contrary to results of Penner and Oba (2009), we observed tendencies for decreased ruminal pH in goats fed SU compared with those fed CON.…”

Section: Ruminal Fermentation and Blood Metabolitescontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Sucrose had no significant effect on DMI in dairy goats (Table 3). Even though some researchers reported that DMI was not affected by supplementation with sucrose (McCormick et al, 2001;, there is no report in the literature exhibiting negative effects on DMI of feeding sugar. In contrast, Broderick et al (2008) reported that DMI increased linearly as sucrose supplementation (sucrose vs. corn starch) increased to 7.5% of dietary DM.…”

Section: Dm Intake and Milk Production And Compositionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Effects of sucrose and sunflower oil addition to diet of Saanen dairy goats on performance and milk fatty acid profile

et al. 2015

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Section: Ruminal Fermentation and Blood Metabolitescontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Dm Intake and Milk Production And Compositionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of sucrose and sunflower oil addition to diet of Saanen dairy goats on performance and milk fatty acid profile

et al. 2015

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“…Chen et al (2002) also identified urea reduction in the plasma of high production dairy cows when given heat-treated soy, as compared to feeding soy grouts and protected fat. McCormick et al (2001) describes the reduction of plasmatic urea levels in dairy cows given feed rations containing a high percentage of protected protein (6.8% vs. 5.8% vs. 5%).…”

Section: Nitrogen Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Full-fat Soybean Seeds and Hydrolyzed Palm Oil on the Metabolism of Lactating Dairy Cows

et al. 2009

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The aim of the study was to compare the influence of fat supplementation in the form of full-fat soybean seeds and hydrolyzed palm oil as energy sources for dairy cows in early lactation.During the first 8 lactation weeks, 17 dairy cows divided into group S (n = 8) and group C (n = 9) were observed. The basic diet was the same for both groups. The differences were in the composition of the concentrate mixture, which had a balanced content of nutrients. In group S the fat source was heat-treated soybean seeds, while in group C the fat source used was hydrolyzed palm oil. The two diets started to be fed on the day of calving. Blood samples were taken weekly (1 st -5 th week) and 8 weeks after delivery. At the end of the experiment ruminal fluid was taken. During the experiment BCS in both groups deteriorated similarly. In group S it decreased from 3.8 ± 0.2 to 3.3 ± 0.3 and in group C from 3.5 ± 0.4 to 3.1 ± 0.4. A better performance of hepatic metabolism was proved in group S. In group S lower concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids were identified in the 3 rd (0.96 ± 0.38 vs. 1.76 ± 0.63 mmol·l ; p < 0.05) week after calving. The gamma-glutamyl transferase (EC 2.3.2.2) activity in serum indicates a better liver parenchyma condition in group S where no increased activity was identified above the reference range. An increased activity was identified in group C from the 2 nd week with a significant difference between groups detected in the 2 nd (0.41 ± 0.07 vs. 0.66 ± 0.25 µkat·l -1 ; p < 0.05) and 4 th (0.42 ± 0.05 vs. 0.64 ± 0.25 µkat·l -1 ; p < 0.05) weeks after delivery. There were no significant differences found between groups in bilirubin and aspartate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.1) but a general tendency toward lower values is apparent in group S. No significant differences were found between groups by the examination of ruminal fluid.Based on these results we can conclude that full-fat soy was better utilised than hydrolysed palm oil and represents a suitable alternative for increasing energy concentration in the diet for dairy cows. On the other hand, the development of liver steatosis in cows make controversial the usage of fat as an energy source for fresh cows even if their BCS is around 3.5-3.8 and it may not be recommended generally. Soy, liver, lipid mobilization, blood, BCS, isoenzymes LDHLack of energy is the main limiting factor to high yields of dairy cows. Taking into account the low intake of dry matter and the fast increase of milk production in dairy cows after calving, it is important to provide a high energy concentration in the diet during this period. One possibility of solving the energy deficit in dairy cows in this period is to use supplementary fats. The main reason for using fat is its 2-3 times higher energy content compared to saccharides or proteins. The source of fat for dairy cows should have a high content of pure energy, high digestibility, acceptable palatability and price and should be easily manipulated. Fat in the diet can come from different sources, such as natu...

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“…Feed that contain high non-structural carbohydrates in the rumen to stimulate the growth of lactobacilli bacteria and rumen fluid pH will lead to lower down, as presented by McCormick et al (2001) who stated that ruminants fed a lot of structural carbohydrates (fiber) will result in rumen fluid pH tends to move towards 7.5, whereas if fed with soluble carbohydrate rumen fluid pH will bring will move toward 5.0. Thus it can be ascertained that the difference in pH values between CF 0 and CF 3 is closely related to differences in composition chemical or digestible carbohydrate content between the feed is tested in goat.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Complete Feed Containing Varieties of Stone Banana Stem on Kacang Goat Productivity

Aswandi¹

2016

Bangl. J. Vet. Med.

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The objective of this research was to observe the effect of complete feed containing banana stem on kacang goat productivity. Twelve male kacang goats were used with average initial body weight 14.42 ± 1.98 kg and ages between 10-15 months. Complete feed made in the form of pellets with a diameter of 7 mm and length 3 cm. Construction of enclosure measuring 12m x 6m and the construction of the stage as high as 140 cm-story and plot pens measuring 1 x 1 m with a height of 130 cm. Rumen fluid p H , blood glucose, acetic acid, ammonia (NH3), volatile fatty acid (VFA), body weight, complete feed intake, dry matter intake, digestibility of dry matter, energy consumption, energy digestibility, feed conversion complete, carcasses and carcass parts are measured. Data were analyzed by t-test. Results showed that the rumen fluid pH, NH3, CF3 between treatments were not significantly different CF0 (P < 0.05), whereas propionic acid, butyrate, blood glucose and total VFA differ high significantly (P< 0.01). CF3 treatment produces propionic acid, Butyrate, blood glucose and total VFA better than the control. Complete feed containing wheat banana stem stone kacang goat productivity is better than complete feed control.Keywords: banana stem stone, complete feed, kacang goat INTRODUCTIONAvailability of feed non-ruminant and ruminant animals is a problem in developing countries such as in Indonesia. For non-ruminant livestock, many feed ingredients are imported while for ruminants which depend entirely on local materials and often it is difficult to get a feed ingredient as the availability is always not continuous. Searching feed material in the form of by-product agro-industry continues. Cultivation of banana is one of the agro industry business as this plant is the easiest plant to grow and thrive well in Indonesia. Banana weevil is the banana plant stem under the soil surface (bulbs). The chemical composition of banana weevil consists of dry matter (DM) 6.20-13.87%, protein 2.99-3.4%, fiber fat 0.96-7.0%, crude fiber 9.99-16. 1% (Gerona et al., 1987). Banana weevil flour containing 66.2% carbohydrates and 5.88% protein. Based on the potential nutritional raw materials, the banana weevil can be used as a material source of energy for ruminant livestock as the feed material contains 20% less crude protein, crude fiber less than 18% (Hartadi et al., 1997). Complete feed using local raw materials / agricultural waste in the form of banana weevil has advantages such as readily available materials andcheaper price, lower production costs, easier to distribute and nutrient can be determined in accordance with the needs of livestock. Complete feeds have a competitive advantage compared to commercial feed manufactured large industrial scale because it is more efficient in production and transportation cost, easy storage and can reduce operating cost, especially labor (Sunarso et al., 2007). Kacang goat has the advantage that the production is pretty good, easy to adapt to unfavorable environment, proliferate rapidly and is we...

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Effect of Protein Source and Soluble Carbohydrate Addition on Rumen Fermentation and Lactation Performance of Holstein Cows

Cited by 43 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of sucrose and sunflower oil addition to diet of Saanen dairy goats on performance and milk fatty acid profile

Effects of sucrose and sunflower oil addition to diet of Saanen dairy goats on performance and milk fatty acid profile

Influence of Full-fat Soybean Seeds and Hydrolyzed Palm Oil on the Metabolism of Lactating Dairy Cows

Effect of Complete Feed Containing Varieties of Stone Banana Stem on Kacang Goat Productivity

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