Effect of Pt Loading Percentage on Carbon Blacks with Large Interior Nanopore Volume on the Performance and Durability of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Kobayashi, Aki; Fujii, Takeshi; Takeda, Kenyu; Tamoto, Kayoko; Kakinuma, Katsuyoshi; Uchida, Makoto

doi:10.1021/acsaem.1c02836

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Several factors affect the performance of PEM fuel cells, such as the preparation method of the catalysts layer [ 408 , 409 ], the design of catalyst ink [ 410 ], the catalyst loading [ 411 ], the size of the catalyst [ 412 ], the flow field design to supply the fuels [ 413 ], the type of fuels [ 395 ], the presence of contaminations in the fuels [ 414 ], the choice of materials [ 401 , 415 ], the operating conditions [ 395 , 401 , 416 ] and so on. Additional parameters that can affect the performance of a PEMFC are magnetic fields.…”

Section: Basics Of Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Magnetism in Catalysis: From Theory to PEMFC Applications of 3d Metal Pt-Based Alloys

Biz

Gracia²,

Fianchini³

2022

IJMS

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The relationship between magnetism and catalysis has been an important topic since the mid-20th century. At present time, the scientific community is well aware that a full comprehension of this relationship is required to face modern challenges, such as the need for clean energy technology. The successful use of (para-)magnetic materials has already been corroborated in catalytic processes, such as hydrogenation, Fenton reaction and ammonia synthesis. These catalysts typically contain transition metals from the first to the third row and are affected by the presence of an external magnetic field. Nowadays, it appears that the most promising approach to reach the goal of a more sustainable future is via ferromagnetic conducting catalysts containing open-shell metals (i.e., Fe, Co and Ni) with extra stabilization coming from the presence of an external magnetic field. However, understanding how intrinsic and extrinsic magnetic features are related to catalysis is still a complex task, especially when catalytic performances are improved by these magnetic phenomena. In the present review, we introduce the relationship between magnetism and catalysis and outline its importance in the production of clean energy, by describing the representative case of 3d metal Pt-based alloys, which are extensively investigated and exploited in PEM fuel cells.

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Section: Basics Of Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Magnetism in Catalysis: From Theory to PEMFC Applications of 3d Metal Pt-Based Alloys

Biz

Gracia²,

Fianchini³

2022

IJMS

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the similar size of Pt NPs, the higher ECSA of Pt/VC relative to the other two catalysts could be due to the easier access of Pt NPs which are exclusively supported on the surface of carbon particles. [48] To assess the degradation of the carbon support, accelerated stress tests (ASTs) were conducted on RDE (Pt loading = 20 μg Pt cm −2 ) by cycling catalysts at high potentials (1.0-1.5 V). The TEM images of various catalysts before and after the ASTs are presented in Figure 2d-i.…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Performances Of Pt/pwgc Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Porous Wrinkled Graphitic Carbon as Corrosion‐Resistant Carbon Support for Durable Fuel‐Cell Catalysts

Fan

Hao

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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The lifespan of proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells heavily relies on the durability of the carbon support of cathode catalysts. However, commercial carbon supports like ketjenblack (KB) and Vulcan carbon (VC) face the challenge of balancing porosity, surface area, and electrochemical stability. To address this issue, a 3D porous wrinkled graphitic carbon (PWGC) is designed and synthesized using a catalyst‐free, plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition approach. The resulting PWGC possesses a hierarchically porous structure with a high surface area, a high degree of graphitization, and exceptional corrosion resistance. As a result, the Pt/PWGC catalysts with the use of PWGC as the carbon support demonstrate superior high potential stability compared to those made with KB and VC as the carbon support. Additionally, a sacrificial layer strategy is introduced to further reduce PWGC corrosion, resulting in Pt@C/PWGC catalysts that show significantly improved durability in membrane electrode assembly tests. After 5K voltage cycles from 1.0 to 1.5 V, the retention of electrochemically active surface area approaches 56.8%, surpassing the 23.6% retention of commercial Pt/C catalysts tested under the same conditions.

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“…It is produced by incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons, resulting in the formation of fine carbon particles. Acetylene black has excellent durability and electrical conductivity, rendering it suitable for use in applications such as batteries , and fuel cells. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous Suspensions of Carbon Nanomaterials with Platinum Nanoparticles for Solution-Processed Hydrogen-Producing Electrocatalysts

Metawea,

Nara,

Murakami

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis is attracting attention as a promising method for producing clean hydrogen (H2) without emitting carbon dioxide. H2 is produced by the reduction of protons at the cathode in a PEM electrolyzer. Platinum on carbon (Pt/C) is extensively used as a cathodic electrocatalyst; however, the aggregation of Pt in Pt/C necessitates high loading to maintain catalytic activity. Therefore, the development of efficient H2 production electrocatalysts with low Pt loadings is necessary. Herein, we report the preparation of electrocatalysts consisting of solution-processed platinum nanoparticle (PtNP)/carbon nanomaterial (CNM) composites using surfactant-free aqueous-dispersed PtNPs as a dispersant for CNMs. Direct aqueous suspension by PtNPs through noncovalent functionalization occurs universally with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), graphene, and acetylene black, yielding the respective composites. In particular, the PtNP/SWCNT nanocomposite electrocatalyst with a PtNP loading of 6 μgPt cm–2 exhibited a high mass activity of 89,300 A gPt –1 at 2.0 V, which is 270 times higher than that of Pt/C (324 A gPt –1 at 2.0 V) with a Pt loading of 2.8 mgPt cm–2. Furthermore, a PEM electrolyzer containing this electrocatalyst exhibited a Faradaic efficiency of 99% and operated continuously for 150 h at 100 mA cm–2 at an estimated cost of US$5.3/(kg H2). Our findings are promising in terms of not only establishing a methodology for reducing PtNP loading to the microgram order but also demonstrating the practical feasibility of H2-production electrocatalysts for PEM electrolyzers.

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Effect of Pt Loading Percentage on Carbon Blacks with Large Interior Nanopore Volume on the Performance and Durability of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Cited by 24 publications

References 71 publications

Review on Magnetism in Catalysis: From Theory to PEMFC Applications of 3d Metal Pt-Based Alloys

Review on Magnetism in Catalysis: From Theory to PEMFC Applications of 3d Metal Pt-Based Alloys

A Porous Wrinkled Graphitic Carbon as Corrosion‐Resistant Carbon Support for Durable Fuel‐Cell Catalysts

Aqueous Suspensions of Carbon Nanomaterials with Platinum Nanoparticles for Solution-Processed Hydrogen-Producing Electrocatalysts

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