Thermal inputs for food preservation generally dominate the food processing industry. However such treatments may lead to several undesirable changes in quality attributes and nutritional value of food. On the contrary, non-thermal preservation methods have a minimal impact on the sensory quality and nutritional status of food. Several non-thermal techniques have been involved in food preservation with an objective to maintain the nutritional properties and physic-chemical characteristics of food products. In this regard, pulsed electric field provides an alternative choice for various food products, particularly for liquid foods, for better preservation and maintenance of fresh-like quality aspects of food. Correspondingly, this memoir highlights the potential of pulsed electric field technology as an effective tool to preserve various foods with special reference to microbial inactivation. Additionally, principles, associated mechanistic approaches, effect of this treatment on food quality and problems linked with the consumer acceptance are also discussed in this script.