Effect of quenching conditions on particle formation and growth in thermal plasma synthesis of fine powders

Modeling of the production of ultra fine Aluminium particles in rapid quenching turbulent flow

“…It was found that as the injection rate increases, the concentration of particles also increases since the penetration of the jet increases nucleation, which is consistent with previous results presented in the literature (Joshi et al, 1990;Proulx & Bilodeau, 1991). With increasing injection rate, the particle mean diameter decreases while the geometric standard deviation increases slightly.…”

“…sectional representation) (Chiu, 1988;Girshick, Chiu, & McMurry, 1990). Further studies on the cooling rate were conducted by Joshi and coworkers (Joshi, Liang, Park, & Batdorf, 1990) in the production of zinc oxide in a plasma reactor. They found that the quenching rate can significantly influence the particle size characteristics and proposed that "gradually and controlled quenching is more beneficial to the synthesis of high-value powders than rapid quenching conventionally used in the past".…”

Nucleation and Growth of Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared by Induction Thermal Plasmas

“…In this study, the particle growth rate G proposed by Joshi et al (1990) was used because this equation can be applied for the overall range of the Knudsen number.…”

Mechanisms of hydrolysis in a transverse jet zinc aerosol reactor

“…Fast quench rates are generally expected to result in higher saturation ratio peak values and thus the formation of high concentrations of small particles (Girshick and Chiu, 1989;Granqvust and Buhrman, 1976;Panda and Pratsinis, 1995;Pratsinis, 1988;Pratsinis and Vemury, 1996;Joshi et al, 1990;Suryanarayana and Prabhu, 2007;Mahoney and Andres, 1995;Backman et al, 2002). However, local temperatures and vapor concentrations are also important factors in particle formation (Liu and Garrick, 2012).…”