Effect of ractopamine hydrochloride (Optaflexx) dose and duration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing steers1

Abstract

Three experiments evaluated the effects of ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) dose and duration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers. In total, 1,509 crossbred steers (530 kg initial BW [SD 22]) were used in a randomized complete block design using a 3 × 3 factorial treatment structure. Treatments consisted of RAC dose (0, 100, or 200 mg/steer daily) and duration (28, 35, or 42 d) of RAC feeding prior to harvest. Initiation of RAC dose was staggered (7 d apart) based on RAC duration, which resulted in common days on feed among treatments. Data from the 3 experiments were combined for statistical analyses. There were no RAC dose × duration interactions ( ≥ 0.85) for growth performance. Live final BW was not different ( ≥ 0.24) as RAC dose increased. Dry matter intake linearly decreased ( < 0.01) as RAC dose increased. Live ADG and G:F linearly increased ( ≤ 0.01) as RAC dose increased. Carcass-adjusted ADG and G:F linearly increased ( ≤ 0.02) as RAC dose increased. Compared with steers fed 0 mg RAC/steer daily, G:F was improved by 5.0 and 13.0% when steers were fed 100 ( = 0.31) and 200 ( = 0.01) mg RAC/steer daily, respectively. Hot carcass weight tended ( = 0.10) to linearly increase as RAC dose increased, with carcasses from steers fed 100 ( = 0.38) and 200 ( = 0.10) mg RAC/steer daily being 2.2 and 4.1 kg heavier, respectively, than carcasses from steers fed 0 mg RAC/steer daily. Increasing RAC dose linearly ( < 0.01) increased LM area and linearly ( = 0.02) decreased marbling score. Live final BW was not different ( ≥ 0.60) among RAC durations. Carcass-adjusted final BW, ADG, and G:F were not different ( ≥ 0.41) as RAC duration increased. Carcass traits did not differ ( ≥ 0.18) among RAC duration. Feeding 200 mg RAC/steer daily improved ADG, feed efficiency, and HCW. Increasing the feeding duration of RAC had no effect of growth performance or carcass characteristics. These data indicate that feeding 200 mg RAC/steer daily for 28 d improves steer growth performance.

Metagenomic characterization of the effect of feed additives on the gut microbiome and antibiotic resistome of feedlot cattle

“…Often monensin and tylosin are provided concurrently to cattle in North American feedlots. The active ingredient in Optaflexx is ractopamine-HCl and has been found to improve average daily gain, feed efficiency, and carcass gain 34 , 35 . However, there is no available information that could link Optaflexx administration and the microbial pattern in the gut.…”

Metagenomic characterization of the effect of feed additives on the gut microbiome and antibiotic resistome of feedlot cattle

“…Often monensin and tylosin are provided concurrently to cattle in North American feedlots. The active ingredient in Optaflexx is ractopamine-HCl and has been found to improve average daily gain, feed efficiency, and carcass gain 33,34 . However, there is no available information that could link Optaflexx administration and the microbial pattern in the gut.…”

Metabolic and proteomic pathways in muscle involved in beef tenderness development

“…No difference in 12th rib backfat, KPH, YG, or marbling score was observed in this study due to supplementation of Zn, RH, or their interaction (Table 4-1; P ≥ 0.17). Several studies have observed lesser fat thickness and KPH along with lower marbling scores and YG in carcasses from cattle supplemented with RH Bittner et al, 2016;Trotta et al, 2019).…”

“…The use of RH to improve growth performance and carcass lean yield has been extensively studied Bittner et al, 2016Bittner et al, , 2017. However, many results related to these characteristics are inconsistent.…”