Effect of Radiation Intensity, Water Temperature and Support-Base Materials on the Inactivation Efficiency of Solar Water Disinfection (SODIS)

Nwankwo, Ekene Jude; Agunwamba, J. C.; Nnaji, Chidozie Charles

doi:10.1007/s11269-019-02407-4

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Among waterborne pathogens, viruses are usually more resistant to environmental inactivation [ 56 ] while their low infectious dose makes them more dangerous to the public health [ 57 ]. In the section 2, we discussed about the important parameters on the SODIS performance.…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Sodis For Virus Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effectiveness of the SODIS system is depended on various parameters which the most important of them are: UV, water temperature, ROSs, and type of pathogens. Generally, the SODIS method is more preferable and practical for contaminated water with bacteria rather than viruses, because among the waterborne diseases, viruses are the most resistant type compare to the others [ 56 ]. Two important parameters that are directly related to effectiveness of the SODIS performance, as well as resistance and survivability of the SARS-CoV-2, are temperature and UV.…”

Section: What Is the Risk Of Using Sodis During The Pandemic?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of solar water disinfection in the era of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic for contaminated water/wastewater treatment considering UV effect and temperature

Parsa

Momeni²,

Hemmat

et al. 2021

Journal of Water Process Engineering

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The COVID-19 pandemic disturbed the world from the beginning of 2020. The virus is highly contagious and spread rapidly and the number of infections increases exponentially. The high excessive number of patients and presence of the SARS-CoV-2 in human excreta and urine even after the infected person’s respiratory tests were negative, results in heavy load of viral in various water bodies. Numerous studies reported the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater samples. The risk of contaminating water bodies in the regions which suffer from the lack of proper sanitation system and wastewater treatment plants (mostly in developing countries) is higher. Since solar water disinfection (SODIS) is usually used by people in developing countries, there is a concern about using this method during the pandemic. Because the SARS-CoV-2 can be eliminated by high temperature (>56°C) and UVC wavelength (100-280 nm) while SODIS systems mainly work at lower temperature (<45°C) and use the available UVA (315-400 nm). Thus, during a situation like the ongoing pandemic using SODIS method for wastewater treatment (or providing drinking water) is not a reliable method. It should be reminded that the main aim of the present study is not just to give insights about the possibilities and risks of using SODIS during the ongoing pandemic but it has broader prospect for any future outbreak/pandemic that results in biological contamination of water bodies. Nevertheless, some experimental studies seem to be necessary by all researchers under conditions similar to developing countries.

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Section: Effectiveness Of Sodis For Virus Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: What Is the Risk Of Using Sodis During The Pandemic?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of solar water disinfection in the era of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic for contaminated water/wastewater treatment considering UV effect and temperature

Parsa

Momeni²,

Hemmat

et al. 2021

Journal of Water Process Engineering

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“…LGAs that had both. The high number of heterotrophic bacterial count observed in the study area indicates that the groundwater in that area may be densely contaminated (Nwankwo et al, 2019).…”

Section: Results and Discussion Temperature And Average Peak Radiation Intensitymentioning

confidence: 85%

Antimicrobial Efficacy of Solar Disinfection of Selected Drinking Well Water in Benin City, Nigeria

Adebiyi

Emoresele

Ogbonnaya

2021

OJBR

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Solar Disinfection (SODIS) has been identified as a relatively cheap method of purifying water against pathogens, therefore providing potable drinking water, an essential component upon which living systems and the human body depends. In this study, the antimicrobial efficacy of solar disinfection of drinking well water was studied. A total of thirty (30) wells was randomly sampled from six (6) local government areas in Benin City, based on accessibility and communal usage. The well water was sampled using transparent 1L polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles. Standard microbiological and biochemical test procedures were performed to enumerate, isolate, characterize and identify the isolates to genus level. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolate was also ascertained. Coliform test was conducted and counts expressed in Most Probable Number (MPN). The study revealed that Staphylococcus sp., Micrococcus sp., and Klebsiella sp. and, Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp. and Candida sp. were the most prevalent heterotrophic bacteria and fungi isolates in the study area in addition to fecal indicators (Escherichia coli and Fecal streptococci) with 83.33% occurrences respectively. The study also revealed that the overall percentage elimination of the identified isolates was recorded as 42.11%, while the percentage elimination of fecal indicators identified was 50%. It was observed that SODIS was very efficacious with a percentage reduction of above 95% for all identified isolates. It was also observed that SODIS is slightly more bactericidal as compared to its being fungicidal. From the study, it could not be ascertained with certainty whether or not, exposure to SODIS alters a microbial pathogens’ antibiotic susceptibility. The use of SODIS did not completely eliminate all the fecal coliforms found in the studied well water, therefore making it unfit for drinking with regards to WHO recommendation. Consequently, the study recommends the use of SODIS only in conjunction with other water purification methods to ensure potability.

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“…For example, complete inactivation was recorded in all the experiments whose water temperature exceeded 45 °C. Maximum water temperature in the Tropics usually occurs between 1 and 3 p.m. (Nwankwo et al 2019). Moreover, temperature data is cheaper to obtain and may require only a simple mercury-in-glass thermometer that costs less than a dollar compared to the costly, 'high-tech' devices required to measure the intensity of UV light.…”

Section: Results Of Regression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Regression models for predicting the die-off rate of E. coli in solar water disinfection

Nwankwo

Agunwamba

Igwe

et al. 2022

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development

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Solar disinfection (SODIS) is an economical and user-friendly method of water purification mostly applied in the tropical countries. SODIS uses the ultraviolet (UV) and temperature effects of the sun to kill pathogens in drinking water. The objective of the study was to develop a functional relationship between pathogen die-off rate and SODIS treatment conditions, namely daily maximum of 5-h averages of UV intensity , daily maximum water temperature , and water turbidity . Regression analyses/models based on 5-month data revealed that although and can be excellent predictors of pathogen die-off rate, their variable inflation factors (6.75 and 6.57, respectively), which is a measure of dependence between the two variables and adequacy of the estimated regression coefficients, suggest that they cannot be successfully combined in a single least-square regression model. was found to be a better predictor of in SODIS than . Water turbidities in the range of 1–30 NTU had no significant effect on the pathogen die-off rate. The study concluded that regression models/analyses can be successfully employed to explain the day-to-day variability in pathogen die-off rate, predict SODIS applicability, and exposure period in different regions of the world based on UV, water temperature, and water turbidity.

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Effect of Radiation Intensity, Water Temperature and Support-Base Materials on the Inactivation Efficiency of Solar Water Disinfection (SODIS)

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Effectiveness of solar water disinfection in the era of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic for contaminated water/wastewater treatment considering UV effect and temperature

Effectiveness of solar water disinfection in the era of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic for contaminated water/wastewater treatment considering UV effect and temperature

Antimicrobial Efficacy of Solar Disinfection of Selected Drinking Well Water in Benin City, Nigeria

Regression models for predicting the die-off rate of E. coli in solar water disinfection

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